Nomenclature
Nomenclature = Naming Compounds
Why is it important to have a systematic naming process?
VERY IMPORTANT!!!
We will use these skills for the remainder of the course. When you can
name compounds and write formulas accurately, you will be able to not only
succeed in IB Chemistry, but will also be able to identify compounds in
household product labels (food, shampoo, conditioner etc…)
We will start with Binary Compounds:
Binary =
Binary
Ionic
Compounds
How do we recognize binary ionic compounds?
There are two types of Binary Ionic Compounds:
TYPE I:
TYPE II:
Rules for Naming Type I Ionic Compounds:
1.
2.
3.
Examples:
Compound
NaCl
KI
CaS
CaBr2
Li2O
Ions
Name
Additional Problems for Naming Type I Ionic Compounds:
CsF
AlCl3
Rb2O
SrI2
MgI2
K2S
KCl
ZnS
CaBr2
BaH2
Al2S3
Na2S
Rules for Naming Type II Ionic Compounds:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Examples:
FeCl2
PbO2
CuCl
HgO
Fe2O3
MnO2
PbCl4
CoCl3
SnBr4
HgCl2
PbS
CoSe
How do you tell if an ionic compound is Type I or Type II?
1.
No –
Yes –
2.
3.
Examples: Identify as Type I or Type II and then name:
CoBr2
CaCl2
Al2O3
CrCl3
PbBr2
FeS
AlBr3
Na2S
CoCl3
PbBr4
Fe2S3
SnI4
K3N
HgO
RbF
NaH
CrF2
MgBr2
MnI2
Li2O
There is one additional Type of Binary Compound.
Binary Compounds that contain:
When naming type III compounds use the following prefixes:
1 – mono
2 – di
3- tri
4 – tetra
5 – penta
6 – hexa
7 – hepta
8 – octa
9- nona
10 – deca
Rules for Naming Type III Binary Compounds:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Examples:
BF3
NO
N 2O 5
PCl5
SO3
P4O6
SO2
N 2O 3
SiO2
O 2F 2
XeF6
SCl2
Naming Binary Compounds – A Review
Is the Compound Binary?
Yes
Is there a Metal Present?
Yes
No
Does the Metal form more than one Cation?
Yes
No
Type II
Use RN
Type I
Examples:
CuO
SrO
B2O3
TiCl4
K2S
OF2
NH3
ClF3
CuCl
MgO
VF3
MnO2
H 2O
SnO2
Fe2S3
CaH2
OCl2
SiBr4
Use Prefixes
Type III
Naming Compounds that contain Polyatomic Ions:
What is a Polyatomic Ion?
Each Polyatomic Ion has a specific formula, charge and name.
Many Polyatomic Ions have names that end in “ATE” or “ITE”
“ite” means:
You must learn the name and formula for 10 polyatomic ions – all others will
be given.
Polyatomic Ions to Know – You will have a quiz on these
Formula of Ion
Name
Formula with 1
Name
less Oxygen
XXXX
(
XXXX
)
(
)
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
XXXX
Polyatomic Ions
Acetate
Arsenate
Bromate
Chromate
Cyanide
Dichromate
Dihydrogen phosphate
Hydrogen caronate
(bicarbonate)
Phosphite
Hydrogen phosphate
Hydrogen Sulfate
Peroxide
Hypochlorite
Iodate
Oxalate
Perchlorate
Permanganate
Thiocyanate
Thiosulfate
Examples:
Use ( ) to show more than one of the polyatomic ion
Na2SO4
Mn(OH)2
KH2PO4
Na2SO3
Fe(NO3)3
Ca(OH)2
Na3PO4
KMnO4
(NH4)2Cr2O7
Co(ClO4)2
KClO3
Ca(NO2)2
Mixed Naming – Practice – You may use the flow chart on the next page
Na2CO3
FeBr3
PCl3
CsClO4
CuSO4
NaHCO3
CsClO3
NaBr
Zn3(PO4)2
BaSO4
BrF5
KClO
NH4NO3
Ca(NO2)2
RbIO3
CCl4
SO3
CuSO4
Naming Flow Chart
Binary?
Yes
No
Metal
Yes
Polyatomic Ion?
No
More than one charge?
Yes
Use Type III
prefixes
No
Metal first?
No  NH4+
No
Yes
Yes
Type I
Type II
Use RN
More than one charge?
Yes
No
Type II
Use RN
Type I
Writing Formulas From Names
1.
2.
3.
Examples:
Potassium hydroxide
Calcium chloride
Sodium carbonate
Lead (IV) oxide
Hydrogen nitrate
Dinitrogen pentoxide
Cobalt (III) nitrate
Ammonium perchlorate
Ammonium sulfate
Rubidium peroxide
Vanadium (V) fluoride
Aluminum Oxide
Disulfur dichloride
Potassium hydrogen sulfate
Aluminum thiocyanate
Iron (III) phosphate
Radium oxide
silver sulfide
Phosphorus triiodide
Silicon Tetrachloride
Magnesium acetate
Iron (II) sulfate
Zinc nitrate
tin (IV) chromate