General CAD (Drafting) Standards Revision Level K (10-11-06) PRODUCT ENGINEERING Usage of this Document: ................................................................................................... 2 Drawing Standards .............................................................................................................. 4 Title Block Content ......................................................................................................... 4 Revision Block Content .................................................................................................. 5 Data Content Symbol ...................................................................................................... 6 Drawing Views ............................................................................................................... 7 Sizes: Dimensions / Notes & Labels / Drafting Symbols ............................................... 7 Symbols and Abbreviations ............................................................................................ 9 Identification Letters ..................................................................................................... 10 Service and Aftermarket Drawings............................................................................... 10 Welding Symbols .......................................................................................................... 14 Surface Texture Symbols .............................................................................................. 14 Mass Notes .................................................................................................................... 14 Key Characteristics Designation Systems .................................................................... 15 General Motors: ........................................................................................................ 15 Daimler Chrysler:...................................................................................................... 15 Nissan:....................................................................................................................... 15 Customer Interface Points ............................................................................................. 15 Dimensioning ...................................................................................................................... 15 Dimensions Shown ....................................................................................................... 15 Dimensioning Standard................................................................................................. 15 Reference Dimensions and Text ................................................................................... 16 Trailing Zero’s .............................................................................................................. 16 Nominal Dimensions and Model Feature Sizes ............................................................ 16 Rounding Off of Numbers ............................................................................................ 17 Document Revision History ............................................................................................ 19 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Usage of this Document: This scope and intended use of this document includes: Internal “lower level” drawings of AAM, supporting the Final Saleable Assembly drawings to the customer. AAM Service and After Market drawings Any drawings where conformance to Customer CAD and Drafting requirements are not specified, or required by the Customer. Final Saleable Customer drawings will be constructed and maintain to Customer Specific standards, when specified per SOR from the Customer. Those requirements shall override any standards published within this document. 2 Suppliers to AAM are required to provide drawings of their products in accordance with the guidelines stated in this document, unless otherwise directed by AAM’s customers. 3 Drawing Standards Title Block Content Title block content is to be filled in using the appropriate CAD system’s technique. Title block information should be formatted as shown: Scale shall be listed as a ratio. Examples: (Full Scale shown as 1:1, Two Times Size shown as 2:1 and Half Scale shown as 1:2). Part Number: 9.0mm character size. (GM) BLOCK font, thick density. (DCX) CHR_DSUS font, thickness .4 (Nissan) Simplex Font, Thick text weight. Part Name: (GM) BLOCK font, thick density, 6.0mm character size. (DCX) CHR_DSUS font, thickness .4, 6.0mm character size (Nissan) Simplex Font, Medium text weight, 0.9 width ratio, 5.0 mm character size. Balance of title block: 3.0mm character size. (GM) BLOCK font, thin density. (DCX) CHR_DSUS font, thickness .2 (Nissan) Simplex Font, Thin text weight. Adjust character aspect ratio as necessary (.75% min) to fit information in the assigned field. Also see ISO procedures AAM-2-050 for Production and Pre-Production Part Numbers Eng-2-003 for Product Drawing Format. Cross out tolerances for Service, After Market, Forging and Casting Drawings, and when General Notes apply. 1:1 Example: Typical Title Block Notation 4 Revision Block Content Revision block content is to be filled in using the appropriate CAD system’s technique. (Also see section: Revision Balloons, page 8) Characters. (GM) BLOCK font, thin density, 2.25mm character size. (DCX) CHR_DSUS font, thickness .2, 2.25mm character size. (Nissan) Simplex Font, Thin text weight, 2.50mm character size. Drawing revisions are to be tracked using one (1) alpha character per engineering notice or change sequence. o The alpha revision character must agree with the alpha revision character for the part in the PIM system. o Multiple revisions within the same change sequence are to be tracked by using a numerical suffix. o Single revisions do not require a numerical suffix. o For Chart changes, include the Zone, Item#, Column Heading, and brief description of the change. o For General Notes: include the Zone, Note Number, Main Note subject and a brief description of the change. For standardized revision record notations, including Multiple Revisions, PCR’s, EWO’s, CN’s, and Cost Request Changes (CR’s), use this link to: o Revision Column_Noting Changes Examples.xls Also see ISO procedures o AAM-2-050 for Production and Pre-Production Part Numbers o Eng-2-003 for Product Drawing Format. Example: Typical Revision Block Notation 5 Data Content Symbol The Data Content symbol is intended to inform drawing viewers as to whether the drawing is constructed from 2-Dimensional non-associated view dependent geometry or from a 3-Dimensional associated solid model. The two (2) symbols choices are: 2D - Part geometry consists of 2-D coplanar and/or 3-D extracted view dependent wireframe. No associated models exist. 3D - Part geometry consists of 3-D associated model geometry. Models must be maintained. The data content symbol is contained within the Drawing Format. The symbol may be switched to the symbol that best describes the content of the file appearing on drawing, as shown below. 6 Drawing Views Drawing views automatically generated will have default names as determined by the CAD system. View scale shall be listed as a ratio. Examples: (Full Scale shown as SCALE 1:1, Two Times Size shown as SCALE 2:1 and Half Scale shown as SCALE 1:2) Prior to Unigraphic’s automatic view generation capability, views were frequently modified for aesthetic reasons or for compliance to “traditional” drawing standards or individual tastes. This was performed via view dependent edits. Since maintaining view dependent edits in UGv10 and later is extremely burdensome and many times non-value added, it is AAM’s direction to make every effort to accept the results of Unigraphic’s automatic view generating capabilities. View dependent edits, IN ANY CAD SYSTEM, such as erasing objects or adding features that could not be modeled, should be kept to an absolute minimum and used as a last resort. Files created prior to UG v10 release will have user generated view names. When maintaining these files, the following view naming convention must be used: View Name Cir.{A-ZZ} Area.{A-ZZ} Opt.{source.view} Opt.Cir{A-ZZ} Opt.Area.{A-ZZ} Sec.{A-ZZ} Aux.{#}.{source view} Act.Size.{source.view} Comments Enlarged View of Detail Outlined by a circle Enlarged View of Detail Outlined by an area Optional construction View generated from another view Optional Construction View of Detail in Circle Optional Construction view of Detail in Area Sectional View Auxiliary View Generated from another view Actual Size View Generated from another view Identification letters: are only used once per type of identification (Views, Datums, Sections, etc.). Sizes: Dimensions / Notes & Labels / Drafting Symbols The system calculated dimension should be used. Tolerances and appended text are to be defined as part of the dimension. UG: Dimensions should be placed on the drawing, not in a view. CATIA and I-deas: Dimensions should be placed in the view they describe. Notes, labels and miscellaneous drafting symbols that are not associated to geometry (i.e. view labels, KPC diamonds, etc.), may be placed in the member view. This may 7 be desirable since non-associated drafting entities will not move when their owning drafting views are moved. Numbered Notes: General Notes will be located in the Upper Right corner of the drawing, next to the revision block. The Design Services Department of American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc is making an exception to the following Industry Standards: ASME Y14.100-2004 paragraph 4.26.6(d) page 8. If several notes are numbered, such as a listing of General Notes, and a note is removed, the rest are re-numbered. A recorded change in the revision column will reflect both the brief description of the note and its number that were removed, and the renumbering of the remaining notes. Due diligence must be observed concerning a note in the field of the drawing if it refers to a numbered note. Dimensions, Notes and Labels should be formatted as follows: Dimensions, notes / labels: 3.5mm character size. (GM) BLOCK font, thin density. (DCX) CHR_DSUS font, thickness .2. (Nissan) ISO 3098 Font, Thin text weight Section, Detail and Special Note labeling: 7.0mm character size. (GM) LUBALINS font, thin density. (DCX) ROM3 font, thickness .2. (Nissan) Century Font, Thin text weight SECTION Example: Section labeling SUBSTANCES FOR PARTS PER GMW3059 Example: GM Salable Item Drawing Note 8 Shall be located in the lower right hand corner of the drawing for GM Salable drawings only Shall be located in the lower right hand corner of the drawing on a 30-degree angle. Example: Inactivated Note Revision balloons: (GM) diameter = 10.0mm, 3.5mm character size, BLOCK font, thin density text with a 0.75 aspect ratio. (DCX) text frame BALR5, CHR_DSUS font, 3.5mm character size, thickness .2 for up to 2-digit revision. For a 3-digit revision, modify graphic to CHRYSLER font, 3.5mm character size, select FREE and change the width to 2.0, thickness .2 (Nissan) Radius 5.0, 3.0mm characters, Simplex font, Thin text weight, 1.0 width ratio. No revision balloons shall be used by the Note Column or by Charts. (Leave existing balloons alone.) AAM maintains a library of special symbols and user defined symbols that are not supported by the base CAD software. These special symbols are maintained on the AAM network and should be used as required. Suppliers can obtain a copy of the AAM symbol library through the Design Services supervisor. Symbols and Abbreviations Symbols shall be in accordance with ASME Y14.5M-1994. Abbreviations and Acronyms shall be in accordance with ASME Y14.38-1999 and addenda Y14.38a-2002. The following symbol shall not be used: # Used for NUMBER 9 Identification Letters The following letters are not allowed on engineering drawings: Datum’s cannot use I, O, and Q in accordance with ASME Y14.5M-1994 paragraph 3.3.2, ANSI Y14.5M-1982 paragraph 3.3.2.1, and ANSI Y14.5-1973 paragraph 5-3.3.2.1. Revision letters that are not to be used are I, O, Q, S, X, and Z in accordance with ASME Y14.35M-1997 paragraph 5.1. AAM takes exception to this due to our PIM system which does use the letters S, X, and Z. Section and View lettering do not use I, O, Q, S, X, and Z in accordance with ASME Y14.3-2003 paragraph 1.7.3. Charts shall not use I, O, Q, S, X, and Z Service and Aftermarket Drawings Title Block Tolerances: Shall be crossed out. (See page 3) Notes The first Note shall be Standard Source Note and depending on which customer the drawing is for. (i.e. Daimlerchrysler has added AND CUSTOMER APPROVAL.) The second Note shall be the Material Note. The third Note shall be the Heat Treat information (if applicable) The fourth Note shall be the Coating information note (if applicable) The last Note shall read: ALL DIMENSIONS ARE REFERENCE Note: If Coating and/or Heat Treats do not exist, all other notes index upwards. Dimensions and Symbols No usage of Symbols with the Chart Letters either in the field of the drawing or with the Letters in the Dimensional Chart is allowed. Symbols will only be used with the actual dimensional information placed in the Chart. On Service and Aftermarket drawings, no usage of parenthesis with dimensions and/or letters is required due to the “ALL DIMENSIONS ARE REFERENCE” note in the general note column. 10 Most Service and Aftermarket drawings will have a Dimensional Chart used. Placement should be in the Upper Left-Hand Corner if possible. (No dimensions on the body of the drawing or in the views). Exceptions: Scanned in drawings, may or may not be Charted based on the original production drawing format. Ex.: (Supplier files or Customer files). GM programs that require Math Data only. (See GM UG NX Data Creation Standards (DCS) for specifics under “Service Math”). Customer and Drawing Type Codes The following is a quick guide to recognize what program uses what numbering system. Aftermarket: Starts with 74 GM: Typically starts with 1247, 103, 15 and 889. DCX: Typically starts with 05 and 680 Workhorse: Typically starts with W8 Not Applicable: Use the abbreviation NA Shown on Drawing: Use the abbreviation SHN ON DWG The chart shall also have a brief description listed below the letter of the feature it refers to. Placement of Symbols Examples 1.) For a Single Aftermarket Component Drawing with a Dimensional Chart. ITEM AAM SERVICE PN AAM PN CUSTOMER SERVICE PN 1 74XXXXXX 40XXXXXX 1247XXXX A B C SEAL WIDTH SEAL BORE PINION OFFSET 14.17 72.17 43.56 2.) For a Single Service Component Drawing with a Dimensional Chart. (GM, DAIMLERCHRYSLER, NISSAN or WORKHORSE) CUSTOMER A B C ITEM AAM PN SERVICE PN WIDTH RELIEF SENSOR THREADS 1 40XXXXXX W8XXXXXX XX.X RXX.X M10 X 1.5-6g 3.) For a Charted Aftermarket Drawing with a Dimensional Chart. AAM A CUSTOMER ITEM SERVICE AAM PN SEAL SERVICE PN PN WIDTH 1 74XXXXXX 40XXXXXX 1247XXXX XX.X 2 74XXXXXX 40XXXXXX 05XXXXXX XX.X 3 74XXXXXX NA W8XXXXXX XX.X 11 B C SEAL BORE PINION OFFSET XX.X XX.X XX.X XX.X XX.X XX.X Screw Thread Callout 4.) For a Charted Service Drawing with a Dimensional Chart. (GM, DAIMLERCHRYSLER, NISSAN or WORKHORSE) CUSTOMER A B C ITEM AAM PN SERVICE PN WIDTH RELIEF BALL END 1 40XXXXXX 1247XXXX XX.X RXX.X SRXX.X 2 40XXXXXX 05XXXXXX XX.X RXX.X SRXX.X 3 40XXXXXX W8XXXXXX XX.X RXX.X SRXX.X 5.) All drawings shall have the following column as the last column. SERVICE REL AUTH AND DATE XXXXXX XXXXXX 6.) For Splines and/or Gears add the following to the to the end of the Charts, just before the SERVICE RELEASE AUTH and DATE column. NUMBER OF NUMBER GEAR TEETH OF SPLINES XX XX 7.) May also need to add the following when requested by Engineering just before the SERVICE RELEASE AUTH and DATE column. MATING NUMBER OF GEAR PN MATING TEETH 40XXXXXX XX 8.) For U-Joint information the following Block may be added to the Chart. U-JOINT SIZE XXXX 9.) For an additional row of Charted Letters add this below the first one with a space between them. ITEM 1 D E F G H J SHAFT SEAL DIA. SEAL WIDTH SEAL I.D. MOUNTING DISTANCE CORNER RADIUS CHAMFER LENGTH XX.X XX.X XX.X RXX.X XX.X XX.X 12 10.) For an Item with more than One Customer Service PN. AAM CUSTOMER C A B ITEM SERVICE AAM PN SERVICE BALL WIDTH RELIEF PN PN END 1247XXXXX 1 74XXXXXX 40XXXXXX XX.X RXX.X SRXX.X 05XXXXXX XX.X RXX.X SRXX.X XX.X RXX.X SRXX.X Field of the Drawing Examples For the Number of Places like Threads, Holes, or other Features. 5X A B MINOR Revision Block Content The Revision Column shall state: “SERVICE RELEASE” for both Aftermarket and Service drawing releases. Additionally, authority “per CR, CN, or EWO” will be listed. 13 Business Item Requirements 1.) Aftermarket drawings can be produced by any CAD system since they don’t require Models. 2.) Service drawings and Models must be maintained in the Customers CAD system. There could be more than one Customer Service PN for an Item. If this is the case than it will need to be modeled in those CAD systems. Make sure that the Business Item for the CAD MODEL/DRAWING has those ICONS attached. 3.) Aftermarket drawings can have more than one Customer Service PN for each item. It doesn’t matter which CAD system is used. 4.) Try and maintain which CAD system originally created the Model. Welding Symbols Shall be in accordance with ANSI/AWS A2.4-98 and ANSI/AWS A3.0-89. Surface Texture Symbols Shall be in accordance with ASME Y14.36M-1996 and ASME B46.1-1995. The following is a copy from ASME Y14.36M-1996 paragraph 4.4 page 3. Standard ratings are listed in Section 9 of ASME B46.1 with some selection criteria given in Section 3 of ASME B46.1. Drawings prepared six months after the date of issuance of ASME B46.1-1995 shall state the roughness cutoff or sampling length. (Note: Prior to the adoption of ASME B46.1-1995 the default rating was 0.8 mm if no other rating was stated.) This is the correct location Field of the Drawing Example: of the Filter Cutoff . If the 0.8 area being measured is less than 4 mm then change the value accordingly. Mass Notes Mass notes appear on most AAM drawings. They are to be one of two types: Exception: Service, Aftermarket, 2D, and Scanned drawings. Actual Weighed Mass – Appears only on GM Final Saleable Customer Drawings CAD Estimated Mass – Appears on all other AAM drawings. For standardized notations and uses, see this link to: CAD Mass Notes.xls 14 Key Characteristics Designation Systems General Motors: KPC blocks shall be on all AAM drawings except for Service and Aftermarket drawings in accordance with GM 1805 QN and GM Engineering Standards A59. KPC numbers cannot be reused. The following is the minimum requirement for use on drawings. Key Product Characteristics SAFETY/ COMPLIANCE FIT/FUNCTION TOTAL ON DRAWING 0 LAST NUMBER USED 0 Daimler Chrysler: Daimler Chrysler drawings shall have the Safety Shield symbol added in accordance with CEP-002 and CEP-004. Nissan: AAM drawings for Nissan programs, will used the KPC block per the General Motors standard listed above. Customer Interface Points When required, Customer Interface point will be added to AAM component and lower level assembly drawings per AAM-2-074. Dimensioning Dimensions Shown The system calculated dimension from the Math Model is to be used whenever possible, on AAM drawings. No manual dimensions are allowed. Dimensioning Standard All new files are to be created to ASME Y14.5M-1994 Dimensioning and Tolerancing practices unless otherwise directed. Redraws will maintain their existing formats and Dimensioning and Tolerancing standard. 15 Reference Dimensions and Text Unless otherwise direct by the customer requirements: AAM will use “-REF.” to denote reference part numbers, text, specifications or other reference information. Ex. 40022345 – REF. Dimensions will continue to use brackets to denote reference dimensions. Ex. (12.45) The exception to the above two bulleted items are for Service and After Market drawings. (See page 9 under Service and Aftermarket Drawings). Trailing Zero’s The Design Services Department of American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc is making an exception to the following Industry Standards: ASME Y14.5M-1994 paragraph 1.6.1 page 5 ASME Y14.5M-1982 paragraph 1.6.1 page 4 Which states that Metric Dimensions shall have NO TRAILING ZEROS. AAM is allowing Trailing Zeros to accommodate both old and current Drawing Formats, General Title Block Tolerance for Two Place Decimal Dimensions of + / - 0.25. For Old Drawing Formats, (still has geometric symbols shown), AAM is continuing the use of a Trailing Zero for the General Title Block Tolerance for One Place Decimal Dimensions of + /- 0.5. For Heat Treat Case Depth, Plating thickness, Material thickness, etc., Trailing Zeros will be used. AAM Engineering will establish precision. Nominal Dimensions and Model Feature Sizes AAM Design Services standard is Limit Dimensioning, with the model made to the MEAN of the dimensions. Example: 10.75 10.25 will be modeled at 10.50 Exceptions: In Accordance with the Following Industry Standards: ASME Y14.5M-1994 paragraph 2.2(b) page 24 ASME Y14.5M-1982 paragraph 2.2(b) page 20 16 AAM Design Services Department is reinstating the LIMITED usage of Plus and Minus Tolerancing. This type of dimensioning is to be used ONLY when required by: Customer Requirements or Standards Material Thickness call-outs, (for new parts only). Examples: 10.4 + 0.03 -0.50 will be modeled at the Target Dimension of 10.4 10.40 +/- 0.25 will be modeled at Target Dimension of 10.4. Service and Aftermarket drawings will only have the Nominal dimension shown and carried out 3 decimal places maximum. Note: Customer Drafting Standards or other requirements may override these examples. In Accordance with the following Industry Standards: ASME Y14.5M-1994 paragraph 2.5 page 25 ASME Y14.5M-1982 paragraph 2.5 page 21 Design Services Department is clarifying the Modeling practices for Single Limit Dimensions (i.e. MAX or MIN). The model shall be made to the given Min or Max Dimension. Example: 10.5 MAX will be modeled at 10.5. Rounding Off of Numbers The following Rules shall be followed in accordance with: Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System IEEE/ASTM SI 10-1997. Which Replaced ANSI/IEEE 268 that is referenced in ASME Y14.5M-1994 Paragraph 1.6.4 Page 6. The Rules Apply for Both the Conversion of INCH Drawings to METRIC Drawings and for the Cad Estimated Mass Note grams to kilograms. The following is a Copy from IEEE/ASTM SI 10-1997 Paragraph B.6 Page 54. When rounding to fewer digits than the total number available, proceed as follows: a) If the first digit discarded is less than 5, do not change the last digit retained. For example, 3.46325, if rounded to three digits, would be 3.463; if rounded to two digits, 3.46. 17 b) If the first digit discarded is greater than 5, or if it is a 5 followed by at least one digit other than 0, increase the last digit retained by one unit. For example 8.37652, if rounded to three digits, would be 8.377; if rounded to two digits, 8.38. c) If the digit discarded is exactly 5, followed only by zeros, round the last digit retained upward if it is an odd number, but make no adjustment if it is an even number. For example, 4.365, when rounded to two digits, becomes 4.36. The number 4.355 would also round to the same value, 4.36, if rounded to two digits. When Converting an INCH drawing to METRIC the following Industry Rules Apply. If the inch dimension is a three place decimal make the metric dimension a two place decimal. The Rule is to always go one Less Decimal Place. 18 Document Revision History Revision Level A B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 C1 C2 D E1 E2 F G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G12 G13 H J1 J2 K1 K2 K3 K4 Description Initial Release Page 8, Added Service and Aftermarket Drawing Information Page 8, Added Symbols and Abbreviation Definitions Page 8, Added Revision Balloon Usage Page 11, Added Welding Symbol Reference Page 11, Added Surface Texture Symbol Reference Page 10, Added Service Release Column Page 12, Added KPC Information Page 8, Revised 3 letter DCX change balloon sizes Page 4, 3rd bullet item: Removed “No Cost changes” for standardized revision records Page 4, Under Revision Block Content: Added standard for chart and general note change descriptions (4th and 5th sub bullet items). Page 13, Added standard for identifying “Reference” dimensions, part numbers or other information. Page 8, Added section “Identification Letters” and sub bullets Page 8, Added “addenda Y14.38a-2002.” Page 8, Removed “& Used for AND” under Symbols not used Page 9, Added exceptions to Charted Drawings for Service Page 12, Added Revision Block Requirements for Service Page10, Revised Customer Codes Page 3, Added “Title Block tolerances will be crossed out.” Page 9, Revised “Notes” section for new inclusions and order Page 10, added “Chart shall also have a brief description…” Page 10, 11, 12: Revised examples to show descriptions Page 2, Added Usage Statement Page 3, 4,7 and 8, Added Nissan text sizes, weights and heights Page 3 and 4, Added AAM-2-050 for PreProduction Part numbers Page 6, Added Nissan dimension placement Page 15, Added Trailing Zeros for Mat’l, Plating, etc. Page 3, Added section for Title Block Scale Page 6, Added section for View Scale Page 9, Radius of Nissan change balloons was 4.0 Page 15, Added Customer Interface Points section Page 15, Added KPC block requirement for Nissan Page 8, Was ASME Y14.100-2000 paragraph 4.26.6(d) page 9 19 By Date RL PT PT PT PT PT PT PT RL 6-3-03 7-18-03 7-18-03 7-18-03 7-18-03 7-18-03 7-31-03 7-31-02 1-31-04 RL 2-24-04 RL 2-24-04 RL 2-8-06 RL RL RL RL RL RL RL RL RL RL RL RL 2-14-06 2-14-06 2-14-06 2-14-06 2-14-06 2-14-06 2-14-06 2-14-06 2-14-06 2-14-06 2-14-06 2-14-06 RL 2-14-06 RL RL RL RL RL RL RL RL 2-14-06 3-27-06 9-6-06 9-6-06 10-11-06 10-11-06 10-11-06 10-11-06 20