Course number: Title: Credits Faculty: ART 212-001/002 Beginning Ceramics 3 hours W. Lowell Baker Office phone xxx-xxxx Home phone xxx-xxxx (for emergency use) Art office xxx-xxxx (to leave a message) E-mail: WBAKER@woodsquad.as.ua.edu Course description: This is an introductory level course designed to offer the student an opportunity to explore ceramic media and processes. This course is directed to art majors/minors with little or no experience in ceramics. Through lectures and demonstrations as well as students accomplishing a variety of hands-on assignments, students will be given the opportunity to develop a basic understanding of ceramic materials, forming techniques, and rudimentary studio practices. Textbook: Hands in Clay by Speight and Toke is highly recommended, but not required. There is a copy in the reading room. Tools and Materials: Regular clay and glaze materials, as well as a variety of studio equipment, are supplied to the student through lab fees. Each student will be required to purchase a personal tool kit from the Supe Store or other sources. A dedicated binder used to hold your handbook, syllabus and loose leaf unlined sheets to serve as your sketchbook is required. This binder will be turned in at the end of the semester and graded as a portion of your final grade. You are expected to bring your sketchbook and tools to class every day. Lockers: Each student will be assigned to a locker. Please purchase a combination lock for your locker and use it. The department will not be responsible to lost items. Studio maintenance: The Ceramics Lab is a community space that is shared by a number of students in at least three different sections. You will be expected to clean up your work area at the completion of each class. Work in progress will be placed in the appropriate storage area. I will, from time to time, encourage you to work on large pieces. I realize that these will be difficult to move. In those cases I will grant special permission to leave individual work out. Please understand this is a unique and special privilege. As needed, the entire class will cease work to clean the studio. Please cooperate in this process with energy and a positive attitude. Those students who are absent on these clean up days will be given individual cleanup assignments upon their return. Please understand there are many irritating and toxic materials in the Ceramics Lab. Please let me know if you have any special health requirements. These might include, but not be limited to muscular-skeletal problems, contact dermatitis, respiratory problems, etc. This information will help me protect your health. Grading: This class will follow the University of Alabama Grading System. Your final grade will be weighted as follows: Attendance 25% Creative work 50% Class participation and tests 25% Grades for creative work may be improved by repeating the project. Your sketchbook, and class notes will be turned in as a part of your final project. Attendance in this class is mandatory. Each class period will present new information through demonstrations and lectures. Most of the specific information I present is not readily available in a single textbook. It is impossible to hone the skills required for this class without regular attendance and individual assistance. The departmental policy of the Department of Art is: Each student is allowed three absences (excused or unexcused) during the semester. Any additional absences will diminish your grade based on creative work and tests by 1/3 letter grade. I expect that you will be in class on time and remain for the entire class period. Attendance at all critiques is required. Three tardies or leaving early three times will be counted as one absence. Your work will be graded on quality as well as quantity. All assignments must be completed to the best of your ability and turned in for grading. You will be credited for extra work based on its quality. Not all work will be fired. Save all assignments for critiques and grading. Lab use: I will make arrangements for the Ceramics Lab to be open from 8-5 M-F. The Lab can be opened at other times on request. There is a "Help Phone" in the Ceramics Lab, but the location is somewhat isolated. Please use caution when entering and leaving the Lab after dark. Faculty office hours: My office hours will be posted. I arrive at 8:00 Monday through Friday. I normally remain until about 5:00. You have my phone numbers and E-mail, so I shouldn't be too hard to find. I check my E-mail daily and I return all calls and messages. My personal preference is E-mail. Critiques There will be a minimum of three group and individual critiques during the semester. I strongly encourage you to seek out individual consultations concerning your work. I will make an effort to visit with you individually during each class period but you need to understand that I encourage you to seek out individual help. Please have your sketchbook available as we talk. This will help us communicate visual ideas more clearly. Course Calendar: January: 9 Studio orientation Draw your ideas for assignments 1-3 each on a single page of your sketchbook. Have these drawings ready for the next class meeting. 14 Wedging and slab roller demonstration, begin Assignment #1. 16 Work day assignment #1, Ceramics handout 21 MLK 23 Assignment #2 28 Work Day 30 Work day, draw your ideas for assignments 4-6, each on a single page in your sketchbook. February 4 Pinch pot demonstration, Drawing and conceptualizing, Assignment #3. 6 Drape form casting, slip demonstration, ceramics handout discussion, assignment #3. You must bring your object to make your mold. 11 General work day, assignments #1-4 continue casting and cleaning drape forms. Coil demonstration. 13 Work day, glazing demonstration, continuation of assignment #1-4 18 Firing lecture, demonstration of drape form construction, slip demonstration, drawing and conceptualizing, assignment #5 test review if you wish. 20 TEST, continuation of assignment #5 25 Coil demonstration, drawing and conceptualization, assignment #6, continuation of assignment #5 and #6. 27 Continuation of assignment #5 and #6 Grading completed of assignments 1-4 and sketchbook. Draw assignments 7-10. March 4 Wheel throwing demonstration, continuation of assignment #6 6 General work day 11 Wheel throwing demonstration, finish assignment #6 13 Wheel throwing demonstration, wheel assignment #8, assignment #9, assignment #10 18 Wheel throwing demonstration, general work day for assignment3 #7-9 20 Work on wheel and redo assignments #1-6 Spring Break 25-29 April 1 Grading of assignments 4-6 and sketchbook. 3-26 Lab, continued demonstrations and lectures as needed, general work days for assignments 6-10 and extra credit problems. April 26 Last day for wet clay May 2 Last day to glaze May 1-3 Sign up for cleanup hour. Failure to help clean for one hour will result in an I grade for the course. Final: Your final will be on the day and time assigned by the university. Assignments 7-10. Any work you wish to have reevaluated will be graded at that time. You must identify pieces as to the assignment number. You must turn inyour sketchbook at the time of your final. Ceramics 212 Assignment #1 Tile (Raku fired) Design and make four 5" X5" X5/8" thick tiles. These tiles will have a single scraffito and monochromatic slip design that extends to all tiles. All work must be signed with your last name and an initial before it is fired. Assignment #2. (Raku fired) Construct a quick slab candle holder with a pierced shade. The purpose of this assignment is to familiarize the student with the slab roller and other methods of producing soft slabs of clay. It is also designed to get the student to work with clay quickly and directly. You may wish to make several of these vessel forms and select the better one to keep. You may recycle your clay by carefully removing all newspaper and make a new slab out of the clay. If the clay has dried beyond the plastic stage you may place it in the recycle tub. A note on recycling clay: Do not put anything but clay in these tubs. Be careful to remove all tools and foreign materials. Reuse all clay that is suitably plastic to work or return it to the clay bin. Clay that is too wet or too dry gets recycled in the clay barrels. Any water containing slip should be placed in the recycle tub. Do not pour slip or clay down the sinks. Begin with a drawing or a series of drawings of your ideas for a finished form. These forms should be generally circular in cross section. The forms will be tall and skinny. Be certain that your form will stand on it's own. If the center of gravity exceeds the base it will fall over. Roll out or throw a slab of clay. This slab must be 3/8 of an inch thck. Wrap a tube or other form with a number of layers of newspaper. Cut the slab so it can be rolled around the newspaper-covered form. Roll the slab around the form and attach the ends of the slab. This will form a tube. Carefully remove the form and the newspaper. Make a bottom for your lantern out of a separate piece of clay. The bottom of your candle lantern will not be attached to the cylinder but it should have a ledge or journal to help you center the cylinder on the base Once your cylinder is suitably hard for carving you should pierce it with a decoration for the light to shine through. As you do this you will want to consider the diameter and height of candle that you will be using in this holder. Sign your name to the piece. Last name and initial will be fine but initials alone will not do. Place the finished piece on your shelf to dry. If you have attached any appendages to your candleholder you will want to dry it very carefully If the form you have produced is simple and you do not wish to make any additions to it you can allow it to dry in the open air. If you wish to continue working with the form or it contains appendages which might dry unevenly, it you should cover it carefully with a plastic sheet. Technical note: As clay dries it shrinks due to the loss of water. As it is fired it goes through a cycle of expanding and shrinking. This change in size of a ceramic piece will be the cause of the majority of problems you have with clay. Careful attention to the change in size of a piece and regulating the causes of these changes will greatly increase your success rate with clay. Appendages dry more quickly than the solid body of a piece. The difference between the size of the dried portion and the wetter portion will cause warping and cracking. Ceramics 212 Assignment #3 (Raku Fired) Make a closed container in the form of fruit from two or more pinched forms. This piece will be more than 6" in one direction. The purpose of this assignment is to familiarize the student with the process of making a hollow form by pinching a solid lump of clay. The student will then connect two or more pinched forms to produce a hollow closed form. This form will then be altered with additional attached forms and surface decorations to imply a specific fruit.. Begin with a series of drawings. You must come to class with pictures of fruit as well as plan and elevation drawings of the fruit you want to make. You might want to consider historical works of fruit, vegetables as the subject of ceramic art. The Moche of Peru are a good historical starting place. Start your piece with a solid lump of carefully wedged clay. By pressing your thumb in the center of the clay and squeezing your thumb and fingers carefully you may produce a hollow cup like form. The form may be closed by ringing your fingers around the opening and squeezing or holding the opening with both hands, about an inch apart, and pushing your hands toward each other. Continue this process until you have a form of the appropriate shape with walls of an even and appropriate thickness. Appropriate thickness, means thinner than a half of an inch. Once the first form is completed cover it and set it aside then make additional parts for your finished piece. If a third or forth piece is required these should be made and set aside to stiffen. Connect the pinched forms by scratching the joining surfaces and adding a drop of water to the scratched areas. Once the form is enclosed the air inside will allow you to handle the piece as if it were a ball. The resistance of the trapped air makes the piece much easier to work. Please note the seam will be the weakest portion of the form. Make certain your joints are carefully crafted. Finish the surface and add appropriate appendages. Some things to think about: This piece will logically be small. The deepest form you can make with typical pinch forming is the length of your thumb. You can increase the size of the piece by combining a number of pinched forms or by placing your fist in a lump of clay and troweling the walls of the form. Careful monitoring of the dryness and plasticity of the individual pieces will be important in making this piece. Ceramics 212 Assignment #4 5 Slab Drape form footed bowls The purpose of this assignment is to familiarize the student with a variety of methods to make and use drape formed slabs of clay. The drape formed sections will be dried to a soft leather hard stage and then a base will be connected. Each student will bring to class two small objects from which plaster molds can be made. Begin with a series of drawings. From those drawings we will develop or find the appropriate form on which to drape your clay. Select the appropriate form and pour your mold. As your mold is drying move on to the next assignment. Roll out a slab of clay Drape the slab over or in the form, using appropriate separating material. Allow the slab to stiffen appropriately. Remember to carefully consider shrinkage as the slab dries on the form. Remove the stiffened slab from the form and attach a base. Produce 5 separate forms to complete this assignment. 1.apply painted colored slip decorations to one, 2.slip and scriffito to another, 3.impressed designs to another, 4.slip inlays to another and 5.finally slip trailing to the last. Some suggestions: Roll out a slab of appropriate thickness. Most of you will not require a slab over 3/8" thick. Think small. Drape forming has many applications to larger work that you can explore later. Handling large forms will be difficult and frustrating. I want you to get the basic techniques down now; you can expand on them later. Work as directly as you can with the clay. Let the material exhibit it's plasticity. In this assignment you have been given the additional component of color. How are you going to use color to enhance the piece? Consider this work a three-dimensional painting. As you apply slips look at the techniques of sgraffito, stenciling, brushing, slip trailing and inlays or niriagi. Most of these techniques are done on leather hard clay. Avoid overwetting the clay when you apply slips. Ceramics 212 Assignment #5 Tooth brush holder with extruded cup. (Stoneware fired) The purpose of this assignment is to demonstrate how to work with slabs of clay that are nearing the leather hard stage, as well as using the extruder. Attaching slabs and forms in the leather hard stage is a common forming technique in ceramics. Due to the problems discusses concerning shrinkage in the first assignment this process must be done carefully. Drying must also be carefully monitored to prevent cracking. Please think of the connecting seams in your piece in two ways; they can be hidden or decorative. Begin with a series of drawings. Select the best idea or ideas. Prepare a slab and dry it to the desired hardness. Your slab must be made the day or class period prior to the construction of the piece. Slabs may be rough cut in the wet stage and then trimmed more accurately as you assemble the piece. Cut the slabs to the appropriate size. At this point you must decide if you will be using butt joints, lap joints or mitered joints; or a combination of joints. As you cut the pieces the thickness of the clay must be considered. Scratch or comb the adjoining surfaces. Apply small amounts of water or slip to the scratched areas. Allow the surfaces to rest for a few minutes. Press slabs together at the joints. Add appropriate reinforcement on the inside of the form. Small forms will not require a gusset. Larger forms will require some internal support. You may choose to paddle the joints lightly to assure a good connection. Complete the form and make an appropriate cup by extruding a length of tubing and attaching a bottom and handle. You might want to consider thinning the form or adding textural interest as it dries by cutting away areas with a knife or a Surform rasp. The surface can be scraped and textured. Slip decorations and inlays may also be added. Things to think about: The cup and holder should work as a complete piece. Carefully consider the size of the piece. The cup will likely be used as a drinking vessel. It must feel good in your hand and as it touches your mouth? Is the weight of the cup appropriate? The wall of the cup should be about 1/4" thick. Look at the way the piece hangs on the wall or sits on the counter. Does it rest lightly or heavily on the surface? The surface decoration should support the entire piece. I will ask you to clearly explain your intent as you complete the work. You will need to monitor the drying of this piece very carefully. Ceramics 212 Assignment #6 Coil building The purpose of this assignment is to learn how to build forms in a variety of coiling techniques. Coiling is one of the most ancient of forming techniques. Coil work is done by making coils or ropes of clay. This can be done by rolling the coil, extruding the coil or cutting the coil. Each type of coil has its specific properties. For the purpose of this assignment I am going to extrude your coils, but I want you to have some experience rolling coils too. Pay careful attention to the demonstration. I will show you some simple tricks that will make your coiling much easier. Once the coil is made, the piece is begun by placing a small base slab on a flat surface or in a shallow bowl. The coils must be carefully joined by pinching and dragging clay from one coil across to the next. You will find many of the skills you learned while making your pinch piece will be used in your coil piece. To make the piece wider simply place the new coil slightly to the outside of the last coil; to make the piece narrower place the next coil slightly to the inside of the last coil and so on. You can stack several coils up before you begin joining them. Join all your coils carefully. Failure to join coils will result in cracks in the finished work. You will notice that the piece will reach a height were it will no longer support its own weight. Stay "tuned into your work". Before the piece reaches the point of failure stop, cover the rim of the piece and allow air to circulate around the bottom section so it can stiffen. On a very large piece the bottom may be close to bone dry while you are still adding plastic clay to the top. You may find it necessary to scratch and moisten the top coils of a piece when you start working on it after a period of time. Monitoring of the drying of a coil piece is probably more critical than in any other forming technique. You may have as much as thirty feet of connections in one 8" piece. Begin with a series of drawings. I want this piece to be exactly 6" at the widest point and 8 inches tall. I encourage you to think of these works figuratively as well as look at historical containers. Roll out coils. You might want to experiment with large coils and small diameter coils. I will demonstrate both in class. Your choice of coil diameter is very much a personal one, but it will be dictated to some extent by the design of your piece. Begin by making a slab base. Be certain your base is proportional to the desired finished height of the piece. Connect the coils. Begin stacking coils to form the sides of the piece. Connect the coils. Monitor drying and the strength of your piece carefully. If you find you have periods of time when your work is stiffening I will expect you to be busy working on other ceramics assignments. Just because your work is drying does not mean you cannot be involved in working in another clay project. You can force dry portions of your piece by using a hair dryer, a small torch or a heat lamp, but be very careful. Ceramics 212 Assignment #7 Wheel throwing: Show me five cut cylinders that are taller than wide and have flat even bottoms and even walls of an appropriate thickness. You may make additional cylinders to fire if you have time. Wheel throwing or as it is traditionally called "turning" in Alabama is a technique that can be used to form sculptural and utilitarian forms in clay. The result of all forms thrown on the potter's wheel is that the horizontal cross-section of a piece is generally round and the thickness of the wall in that horizontal section is relatively even. Wheel thrown forms can be combined and altered to form works that are far removed from the turned original. Wheel thrown works can also celebrate the symmetry of the technique. Once you have mastered the potter's wheel as a tool you will be able to decide how you wish to apply the forms to your work. As you are attempting to gain mastery over the wheel I will insist that you work toward an even geometry in your work. Most of you will find that learning to use the potter's wheel will require a great deal of dedication and practice. If you begin by working at the process a step at a time without any real concern for the finished product you will find you will succeed more rapidly. Do not move to the next step in the throwing process until the last step is perfect. If you find that you develop any problems with the piece during the throwing process you will be much better served by throwing the used clay in the scrap tub and starting over. Drawing: just for the fun of it this time; draw ten cross-sections of cylinders. They should be about five inches tall and about three inches wide. The wall and bottom thickness should be about 3/8" thick. It should be even from top to bottom and the walls should be at a ninety-degree angle to the bottom. Wedging the clay is very important when you are throwing. The de-airing pugmill will be very helpful in preparing clay for throwing, but it will not replace wedging. I like to wedge a large amount of clay and then cut it into the size I wish to throw. Once the clay is thoroughly wedged it should be pounded into balls. Collect your tools: Bucket with water (I like slightly warm water), sponge, wooden rib. All you really need is a bucket of water. Go to the wheel. Adjust the seat to the height of the wheel head (if you are very short this position may need to be a little lower) attach the splash pan to the wheel, set out your clay and water so that you are comfortable, attach a bat to the wheel head. Begin pushing the flywheel with your right foot to develop a rhythm. As you feel comfortable with the wheel move the location you kick on the flywheel closer to the vertical shaft. This will require more energy to move the wheel but it will cause the wheel to revolve at a faster rate. This is the same thing that happens on your bicycle when you shift gears. Allow the wheel to spin without kicking. Press your hands down on the right side of the center of the turning bat. Don't hold them there long they will get quite hot. Repeat the kicking steps until you feel comfortable. While you are doing this you will need to breathe deeply and try to focus on the wheel. Allow the wheel to slow to about 30 rpm ( two revolutions every second). You can slow the wheel by dragging your left heel on the flywheel. CAUTION: A turning flywheel has a lot of stored kinetic energy. Be very careful around turning wheels. Never stand on a flywheel. They can turn and cause you to fall and you can potentially damage the vertical shaft and bearings. Pick up a ball of clay, focus on the center of the turning bat, throw the ball with some force at the center of the bat. If the ball is not reasonably centered, stop the wheel, cut it off with a wire and repeat the steps of throwing the ball on the bat. You will know if the ball is not reasonably centered if it seems to wobble more than two inches from center as the wheel turns. Get hands wet with water from your bucket. Drip some water on the turning ball of clay. Kick the wheel up to its fastest speed. Lean forward with you head directly over the spinning ball of clay. Your elbows should be on each thigh. Cup your hands around the clay. Your right hand should be on the lower right side of the clay and your left hand should be held with the heel on top of the ball and your left fingers overlapping your right hand. Hold your hands in this position and press slightly until you feel the clay is not pushing your elbows. This will take several attempts. You will need to rewet the clay frequently. Do not push off of the ball of clay rapidly. This will drive the clay off center. The clay is centered when you cannot notice any wobble as it turns. Do not go beyond this step until the clay is centered. If you have to ask if your clay is centered it is probably not. TO FORM A CYLINDER: Wet your hands and the clay Hold the clay like you are centering. Allow your right thumb to find the center of the rotating ball of clay. While maintaining your left hand on the clay allow your right hand, wrist and elbow to move upward. Slowly push you right thumb into the center of the clay. Maintain constant contact with your left hand during this step. Push your right thumb downward to a point about 3/8" from the bat. Judging this distance will take some practice. You can measure the thickness of the bottom with a needle tool. Remove your hands from the turning form. Wet the piece. Place your index and middle finger of your left hand into the hole in the center of the turning ball. Lock you right hand over your left and pull slowly and evenly to you. Be cautious to maintain an even distance from the bat. You ar forming the bottom of the piece at this time. Cup you left hand over the rim of the short spinning form. Place your right hand across the top of the thick wall and press downward slowly with your right hand holding the thickness of the wall with your left hand. This process will form a donut. The clay should be absolutely centered at this point. Wet the clay. Place your left index and middle finger in the center of the clay at the bottom to the right wall. Place your right index and middle finger to the outside of the right wall and touching the bat. Press gently inward with your right hand, holding with the left hand. Hold this finger position and slowly pull both hands toward an imaginary point about six inches above the wheel head. The outside fingers should remain slightly below the inside fingers. Maintain contact between your hands as much as you can. Even the slightest touch will help you maintain position and control over the clay. Wet the clay and repeat the last step but move to a point about ten inches above the wheel head. Continue this process moving the imaginary point up slightly with each new pull. When you et to the rim of the cylinder, maintain your hand position for at least one complete revolution then relax. Ceramics 212 Assignment #8 Throwing a bowl: Show me five untrimmed bowls that are at least four inches in diameter. The curve should be even and the bottom of an appropriate thickness. These will not be fired. Throw five more bowls and trim them. These will be fired. I will ask you to consider bowls as an entirely different form from a cylinder. A cylinder has a flat bottom and begins with straight walls. A bowl begins from a central point and expands upward and outward in a continuous curve. That curve may be changed at any point as it sweeps toward the rim of the bowl. A bowl is designed to be looked into while a cylinder is designed to be viewed, for the most part, from the side. Draw some cross-sections of bowl forms. Draw bowls that are open and draw bowls that are more closed. Consider the foot of a bowl. How does the bowl rest of the table or how does the bowl seem to spring of float from the surface? Refer to the assignment of throwing a cylinder. Everything remains the same to the point where it says: TO FORM A CYLINDER. From that point place your right hand on top of the ball and your left hand over it. Find the center of the ball with your right thumb. Gently press your right thumb down into the rotating ball as you did with the cylinder. However with a bowl you will normally allow for a thicker bottom. Place left hand inside the form and the right hand outside the form. Press gently outward with the left hand holding with the right hand and pull outward and upward. Maintain the distance between your fingers as you pull. When you get to the rim of the bowl maintain the hand position for at least one complete revolution of the wheel, then relax your hold on the clay. It is advisable to compress the rim of the piece after each pull. Return to the center of the rotating piece of clay and repeat the outward and upward pulls. Some throwing suggestions: Keep your cross sections as even as you can. Learn to throw and do not depend on excessive trimming to form the piece. Consider the exterior surface of the piece as you are throwing and finishing the outside. If you trim the outside of a form you should consider the results of that trimming as a part of the overall design. Consider your intent as you are working on a piece. What do you want the clay to communicate. Even a functional vessel communicates intent. As you progress in working with clay you should have a clear understanding of what the finished product will look like as you are making it. Learn control before you learn to give up control. Ceramics 212 Assignment #9 Wheel Thrown Lidded Form The purpose of this assignment is to learn how to make two forms fit together visually as well as physically. I realize that many students will have a great deal of trouble with this assignment . It will not carry the grade weight of the other assignments, but I want every student to attempt the assignment and turn in their results for the final critique. Only well made and well fitting pieces will be fired. Begin with a series of drawings of wheel thrown lidded forms. These forms may be based on cylinders or bowls. As you are designing the piece you need to look at the ways lids fit. Select an appropriate lid connection for your piece. Throw the base. Throw the lid. Attach appropriate handles. Trim and fit the pieces together. Assignment #10 Lidded set: Make a set of lidded containers using any of the techniques you have learned this semester. The term set indicated that they have some design or formal feature which makes them work together. This set should be very well crafted. The final presentation of this set will be used as an indicator of all you have learned this semester. As you work on this piece you should consider the function of the set. The lids should fit very well and have an appropriate handle. The lids should also visually complete the piece. You will be graded on craftsmanship, numbers and degree of difficulty of the design you selected. Extra credit: Do not begin this work until all of your regular assignments are successfully completed. Landscape: The purpose of this assignment is to get you to think about concept and content issues in ceramics. Lots of drawings. Design and develop your landscape with intent based on content, mood, mode, gesture etc. I want this landscape to hold a strong message in its content Make a landscape in clay using the techniques we have explored in this class. This piece will be due the day of your final and may count for extra credit. Self-portrait The purpose of this assignment is to get you to consider a content issue in ceramics very broadly. Using any of the techniques we have experimented with in class or any other approved ceramic technique produce a self-portrait. I will restrict you from sculpting this self-portrait in the traditional clay sculpting techniques. As you design the piece please remember that a self-portrait is not necessarily a physical likeness of yourself. You are welcome to produce a likeness of yourself, but also consider that a selfportrait can be a metaphorical description of who you are. Lots of drawings. Make lists of words to define yourself and this project. Be prepared to tell me very specifically what your intent is with this piece. This piece will be due at the time of your final and may count as extra credit. You will be graded on quality as well as quantity in this class. I firmly believe you learn to make better works of art by making more works of art. Not all the pieces you make for this class will be fired. I will not fire cracked or substandard works. I will also not fire trinkets. If you have any questions as to what makes a trinket we can discuss it. Before we talk about it I would suggest you clearly examine your intent in the piece.