Problem Set #2
ECOL 340 Plant Form, Function & Diversity
Spring 2007
NAME __________________________________________________
(1) Multiple choice. Match each group/taxa with the characteristic(s) that best describe it.
(7 points)
_____ Tracheophytes
A. Ancestral to ferns and ‘protogymnosperms’
_____ Embyophytes
B. Enations and stobili
_____ Archaefructus
C. Progenitors of the Lycopods
_____ Bryophytes
D. Flowers 4 or 5-merous, triaperturate pollen
_____ Zosterophyllophytes
E. Earliest known Angiosperm
_____ Anita grade
F. Hypanthium, distinct sepals and petals
_____ Cooksonia
G. Lignified vascular system
_____ Trimerophytes
H. Perianth in threes, 3 fused carpels
_____ Rosids
I. Amplification of the gametophyte
_____ Asterids
J. Earliest known vascular plant
_____ Monocots
K. Archegonium
_____ Eudicots
L. Fused corolla, iridoid compounds
_____ Spermatophytes
M. Numerous parts, undifferentiated perianth
_____ Lycophyta
N. Seeds
(2a) What is the ploidy level of the sporophyte (1 point)?
(b) Name two fitness advantages to the amplification of this part of the life cycle (2 points).
(3) The Angiosperms had several key innovations. Define/describe the following and explain the
fitness advantage provided by each. (5 points)
a) Vessels:
b) Carpel:
c) Double fertilization:
d) Flower:
e) Fruit:
Bonus: Answer the following questions for the provided equation. (2 points)
8li
ri4
a) What is the name of this equation and what does Zi mean in terms of plant fitness?
Zi 

b) What are ri and li and what are the ecological implications for Zi?