Part 1
Name: _______________ Date: _________ Class: ______
General Outcome #1: Explain how environmental chemicals affect
organisms.
 Can I identify common organic and inorganic substances that are
essential to the health and growth of humans and other living
things?
 Can I give examples of the useful roles of organic and inorganic
materials?
Topic 1 Notes –ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
The four most common elements in your body are oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and
nitrogen with the remaining being composed of other elements. Color the circle graph
to show the different amounts. Label your circle and show the percentage that each
chemical takes up . (Pg. 179)
oxygen
carbon
hydrogen
nitrogen
other
For our bodies to be maintained we need certain chemicals, also known as
______________. We use these for ________________, __________________,
________________, and __________________.
These nutrients can be divided into two major groups:
1. Organics (Pg. 178)
Organic nutrients contain _______________ and are mainly produced by
____________ and these nutrients are further modified by
____________________.
Chemicals in the body transform these basic materials into more complex chemical
materials.
Organic Molecule
Role in Nutrition
Typical Dietary Source
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Vitamins
2. Inorganic (Pg. 179)
Inorganic substance are materials that ________________________________
______________________________ and are also referred to as _____________.
What is the difference between MACROMINERALS and TRACE ELEMENTS?
These minerals are used to create ENZYMES in the body. What is the purpose of
ENZYMES in the body?
What are the purposes of VITAMINS? Why do we need to get vitamins from other
sources?
Describe the function of each and give their chemical symbol: (Pg. 180)
Element
Symbol
Role in the Human Body
Calcium
Sodium
Potassium
Iron
Zinc
iodine
Fluorine
The Root Source (Pg. 181)
Nutrients that we need are readily found in the soil. So, why can’t we just eat the soil?
Plants are better at extracting the nutrients because of their root system. What about their
root system allows them to do this? Explain and use a drawing to help support your answer.