Unit 7/Chapters 13 & 14
Republic of Texas
Expectation of the student
 Understand and use Republic of Texas and Statehood terminology correctly.
 Understand defining characteristics of the Republic of Texas and Statehood.
 Understand the individuals, issues and events of the Republic of Texas and Statehood, Mexican War
and Compromise of 1850.
 Explain significance of the dates…. 1845, 1850.
 Explain how the establishment of the Republic of Texas brought civil, political, and religious
freedom to Texas.
 Analyze the causes of and the events leading to Annexation.
Guided Questions
1. What obstacles and problems did people face in the Republic?
2. How would you describe the issues surrounding the annexation of Texas?
3. What are the similarities and differences between the presidents of Texas?
Prior Republic of Texas
Vocabulary






















Amendment
Annexation
Cabinet
Capital
Cash Crop
Census
Convention
Debt
Executive
Expedition
Expenditures
Federalist
Frontier
Immigration
Judicial
Legislative
Manifest Destiny
Resolutions
Revenue
Subsistence
Farming/Crops
Tariff
Treaty
Key Dates
 1837 – U.S. Recognition
 1845 – Texas becomes 28th
U.S. State
New Republic of Texas Vocabulary
 Archives
 Artisan
 Capitol
 Diplomat
 Endowment Fund
 Fiesta
 Headright Grants
 Homestead
 Immigration Agent
 Lograft
 Public Debt
 Public Land
 Redback
 Squatter
 Suspended
 Telegraph
 Joint Resolution
Key People
1. Andrew Jackson
2. Chief Bowles
3. Edwin W. Moore
4. Jack Coffee Hays
5. Mary Maverick
6. Mirabeau Lamar
7. Sam Houston
8. Santa Anna
9. Stephen F. Austin
10. William Goyens
Córdova Rebellion
Tejano Vincent Cordova with help
from Mexico and Cherokee revolt
against the Republic of Texas over
land
Presidents of the Republic
1. Sam Houston-Pro Annexation by US, friends of Natives, gains U.S. &
international recognition of Republic of Texas, disgruntled Texas
military forces, cuts spending to manage debt; Cordova Rebellion
2. Mirabeau Lamar-Supported Republic & Manifest Destiny of Texas,
Built Texas Navy, Father Texas Education, opposed Native (Cherokee
War), increase debt (created redbacks), moved capital to Austin,
Council House Fight, Santa Fe Expedition
3. Sam Houston-Cut government jobs & salaries to decrease debt,
supported annexation; Mexico invades San Antonio causes Archives
War, Mexico invades Texas again causing Mier Expedition/Drawing of
the Black Beans; Treaties with Natives
4. Anson Jones – Last president of the Republic; Joint Resolution
Reason Texans want Annexation
Cultural ties and U.S. military protection.
Reasons U.S. against Annexation
Mexico does not recognize Texas Independence so it would cause war, Antislavery groups did not want another
slave state because it would give slave states more votes in congress.
Recognition
U.S. recognized Texas by 1837; Great Britain and France set up trade agreements but refused to recognize Texas
Independence.
Annexation Treaty
 Texas would join the U.S. as a territory
 U.S. would pay Texas’ $12 million debt
 Texas would give up public land
 U.S. Senate rejected treaty because of the issues of slavery and war with Mexico. They could not get 2/3
majority to pass the treaty.
Joint Resolution
 Texas would enter as a state
 Texas would keep its public land and debt
 Joint Resolution passed because the U.S. presidential elections of Polk showed American were ready to achieve
Manifest Destiny and it only took a simple majority to pass the resolution.
 Anson Jones-last president of Republic supported annexation, signed Joint Resolution which made Texas the
28th U.S. state.

















Texas Rangers
Founding: scouts and messengers during revolution, after war Rangers called to protect frontier from
Natives, received little pay and provided their own horse, food and gun.
Jack Coffee Hays: Texas Ranger who tracked down large Comanche War party, commanded a force
against an invasion of Mexican forces in 1842, led Texas Rangers in defeat of Mexican army a Battle of
Salado Creek.
Interactions with Natives: help to control Natives raiding settlements, ordered to remove Cherokee from
Texas, involved in Council House Fight.
Life in Texas during the Republic
Free land caused population to boom
Homestead Act of 1839 protected homes and land from seizure due to debt.
Immigrant Agents brought in settlers from Germany, France, Scotland, but mostly from the U.S.
Small farms mainly grow subsistence crops such as corn, but usually set aside some land for cotton the main
cash crop.
Plantations used slave labor to grow cash crops such as cotton and sugarcane.
Ranches raised cattle sheep and goats and because of generous land grants during the Republic many farmers
turned to raising livestock.
Slavery in Texas grew during the days of the Republic, but only about 25% of Texans owned a slave.
Professional services were needed as the Texas population grew. Doctors, lawyers, teachers and ministers
Skilled workers such as blacksmiths, wainwrights, wheelwrights, furniture and cabinet makers, potters and
weavers were needed.
Small industries started in Texas such as sawmills, gristmills; tanneries and the tallow industry started because of
cattle ranching.
Transportation included horses, wagons, stagecoaches, ferries to cross rivers. Steamboats appeared during the
Republic, but railroads were not started until statehood.
Communication was through travelers, mail and newspapers until statehood when the first telegraph came to
Texas.
Social activities were usually focused around work that needed to be done. Cornhusking Bees, Quilting Bees,
House Raisings, hunting and fishing were all practical ways to socialize while working. Dances and religious social
were also held for entertainment.
Health care and education were poor during the Republic days.