Section A 3 (Grammar focus — 4c)
Grammar focus
— What’s the highest mountain in the world?
— Qomolangma.
— How high is Qomolangma?
— It’s 8,844.43 meters high. It’s higher than any other mountain.
— Which is the deepest salt lake in the world?
— The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes.
— Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world?
— Yes, I did. It’s much older than the US.
Step 1 Grammar
形容词和副词比较级和最高级变化规则
1. 规则变化
1) 一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词（或副词）比较级＋er ， 最高级＋est
如： clever－cleverer－cleverest
few－fewer－fewest
small－smaller－smallest 等。
2) 以 e 结尾的词，比较级＋r，最高级＋st 即可。 如：
nice－nicer－nicest
cute－cuter－cutest
3) 以辅音字母＋y 结尾的变 y 为 i＋er 或 est。如:
easy－easier－easiest
happy－happier－happiest
再如：early, busy, heavy, dirty, lazy 也如此。
少数单音节词也是这样，如：
pleased－more pleased－the most pleased
tired－more tired－the most tired
2. 不规则变化：
good —better — best
well —better — best
bad－worse － worst
many / much — more — most
large－larger－largest
far — farther —farthest
(距离远)
far — further — furthest
(程度深)
old — elder — eldest
(长幼)
old — older —oldest
(年龄)
Step 2 中考链接
1. 比较级考点
① 比较级修饰问题
a little, a bit, even, still, much, a lot, far 等可修饰比较级。
e.g. Tom is a little taller than Jim.
This book is much more interesting than that one.
② 同级比较
e.g. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Xi’an.
Our school is bigger than yours.
③ the + 比较级
e.g. Lucy is the fatter of the two girls.
④ “a/an + 比较级” 表示“又一，再一”
e.g. Lily has a doll, but she wants a bigger one.
⑤ 隐性比较（没有 than 的情况）
e.g. Who runs faster, Lucy or Lily?
You’d better come earlier next time.
He worked hard last term, but he works even harder this term.
⑥ 越来越......
a. 比较级 + and + 比较级
b. the + 比较级 + 句子，the + 比较级 + 句子
a. e.g. It’s getting colder and colder.
The more you exercise, the better you are.
2. 最高级考点
说明：形容词的最高级前必须加 the; 副词的最高级前省略 the。
① 范围问题
e.g. Tom is the tallest student in the class.
Spring is the best season of the year.
② “......之一”问题
e.g. Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world.
③ “the + 序数词 + 最高级”
e.g. I think he is the second tallest boy in his class.
3. 比较级和最高级的转换
e.g. Tom is the tallest student in the class.
= Tom is taller than any other student in the class.
= Tom is taller than all the other students in the class.
= No other students are taller than Tom.
2. 同级比较
①as + adj./adv. + as
e.g. She is as thin as Lily.
He writes as carefully as Linda.
②not + as/so + adj./adv. + as
e.g. Tony didn't run so fast as Carter
学以致用
1. Our family has bought a car so we can travel _____ than before.（2008 陕西）
A. most easily
B. less easily
C. easily
D. more easily
2. My father told me a story last night. It is ____ one I’ve ever heard.（2009 陕西）
A. the funniest
B. funniest
C. funnier
D. the funnier
3. The _____ friends you have, the ____ you will be.（2010 陕西）
A. more, happy
B. many, happy
C. more, happier
D. many, happier
4. When he heard a cry for help, he ran out as _______ as he could.（2011 陕西）
A. hardly
B. quickly
C. finally
D. slowly
5. This place is not big enough for Lucy’s birthday party. We should find a _____ one.
（2012 陕西）
A. big
B. small
C. bigger
D. smaller
Step3
Writing
Write five questions using comparisons. Then ask your partner your questions
Step 4
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
big
much
popular
long
old
1. The Amazon River is one of the _______
high
rivers in the world. It’s a
little _______ than the Yangtze River.
2. Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters _____. It’s one of the most ________ places for
serious mountain climbers.
3. No ocean in the world is as _____ as the Pacific Ocean.
4. Although Japan is _______ than Canada, it is _______ smaller.
Step 5
Write two comparisons about two topics. Write true facts.
e.g. Two rivers: the Yangtze River and the Amazon River
The Yangtze River is almost as long as the Amazon River.
The Amazon is longer than the Yangtze, but the Yangtze River is the longest river in
China.
Two cities: ___________ and ___________
1. _______________________________________________________________.
2. _______________________________________________________________.
Two animals: ___________ and ___________
1. ______________________________________________________________.
2. ______________________________________________________________.
Step5
Homework
1. To memorize the important phrases and sentences.
2. To make some sentences using as … as, ... times … than, less than, more than