比较等级和比较结构
Comparative Degree &
Comparative Construction
比较等级
Comparative Degree
原级：Positive Degree
比较级：Comparative Degree
最高级：Superlative Degree
比较级修饰语
常用的副词修饰语
many, much, far, a little, a bit,
slightly, a great deal, a lot,
somewhat, rather, completely, etc.
This essay is not good, but that
one is hardly better.
? much more happy
当数词用在比较结构中，其顺序通常
为“数词＋比较级＋than”.
My watch is ten minutes faster than
yours.
We've sunk 20 more wells this year
than we did last year.
It was one-fourth cheaper than the
market price.
The new method was over ten
times more efficient than the
traditional one.
没有等级的形容词
inferior to, superior to, senior to
She is senior to everyone else in
the company.
His composition is far superior to
mine.
绝对形容词无比较级或最高级
absolute, unique, infinite, round,
right, wrong, correct, perfect
Geoffrey Chaucer occupies a
unique place in English literature.
结构“of a + noun”的比较级
be of a + noun = be adj.
比较级：be more/less of a + noun
He is more of a doctor.
He is as of an athlete as she.
基本的比较结构
1. as + adj./adv.(原级)＋ as 分句
John behaves as politely as Bob
(does).
否定形式：not as/so ... as ;
less ...than
该结构的变体：
The girl was as brilliant as she was
beautiful.
This swimming pool is as wide as it
is long.
He is not so wise as he is witty.
He was as base and unworthy as
his father had been upright and
honorable.
He took as much butter as he
needed.
She has written as many essays as
her brother (has).
George is as efficient a worker as
Jack.
I can't drink as sweet coffee as this.
? I don’t smoke as expensive
cigarettes as these.
2. adj./adv.(比较级) ＋ than -分句
否定形式：not as/so ... as ;
less ...than
more/ less/ fewer + 名词 ＋ than-分
句
She has written more essays than
he.
There are fewer visitors today than
yesterday.
其它变体：
My brother has a larger house than
mine.
There are men more intelligent
than John.
John is more efficient a worker
than Jack.
特殊比较结构
1. more...than 和less... than 的翻译
方法
The present crisis is much more a
political than an economic crisis.
He was less hurt than frightened.
2. not so... as 和 not so much...as
It wasn't so much his appearance I
liked as his personality.
3. not more/-er than 与 no more/-er
than
John is not better than Tom.
John is no better than Tom.
e.g. no richer than, no bigger than,
no later than
I have not taken more than six
courses this semester.
I have taken no more than six
courses this semester.
4. the more... the more
The older I get, the happier I am.
The more you argue with him, the
less notice he takes.
The sooner this is done, the better.
The higher the temperature, the
faster the liquid evaporates.
5. the same... as
She looks just the same as before.
I got the same feeling as you did.
6. 否定＋比较级＝最高级
Nothing in my life shook me so
deeply as my first visit to China.
It can't be worse.
7. 比较级中的省略现象
than 从句和as从句大致相同，可以省
去谓语或表语，保留主语；
He is taller than I.
也可以省去主语和谓语，保留宾语。
I love him more than her.
It's more pleasant traveling by day
than by night. (?)
比较从句可以省去主语（或将than看
作代词作主语用），保留谓语部分。
（多用于正式文体）
Don't eat more than is good for you.
There may be more importance in it
than would seem.
省去宾语：
The box is bigger than I wanted.
有时在比较省略结构中，than 之后可
用动词不定式。
I can't do better than to give you an
idea of how I did it.
There was nothing he desired more
than to see the matter ended.
但有些固定短语中than后要加不带to
的不定式。
I would rather stay than go.
Sooner than yield he resolved to
die.
Practice
Do you know Tim’s brother? He is
_________ than Tim.
A. much more sportsman
B. more of a sportsman
C. more of sportsman
D. more a sportsman
That trumpet player was certainly
loud. But I wasn't bothered by his
loudness ___ by his lack of talent.
a) so much as
b) rather than
c) as
d) than
The less the surface of the ground
yields to the weight of a fullyloaded truck, ____ to the truck.
a) the greater stress is
b) greater is the stress
c) the stress is greater
d) the greater the stress
Issues of price, place, promotion
and product are _____
conventional concerns in planning
marketing strategies.
a) these of the most
b) most of those
c) among the most
d) among the many of
John is ____ hardworking than his
sister, but he failed in the exam.
a) no less
b) no more
c) not less
d) no so
The children prefer camping in the
mountains ____ an indoor activity.
a) to b) than c) for d) with
Language belongs to each member
of the society, to the cleaner ___ to
the professor.
a) as far as
b) the same as
c) as much as
d) as long as
The experiment requires more
money than___.
A. have been put in
B. being put in
C. has been put in
D. to be put in
There ought to be less anxiety over
the perceived risk of mountain
climbing than ___ in the public
mind today.
A. exists
B. exist
C. existing
D. to exist
The indoor swimming pool seems
to be a great more luxurious than
______.
a) is necessary
b) being necessary
c) to be necessary
d) it is necessary
Western Nebraska generally
receives less snow than ____
Eastern Nebraska.
a) in
b) it receives in
c) does
d) it does in