Name: ________________________________
Hour: _____Date: ______________________
1. The “double pump” function of the heart includes the right side, which serves as the
____________ circuit pump, while the left side serves as the _________ pump.
a. Systemic(body); pulmonary
b. Pulmonary; hepatic portal
c. Hepatic portal; cardiac
d. Pulmonary; systemic (body)
2. The major difference between the left and right ventricles relative to their role in heart function
is:
a. The LV pumps blood through the short, low-resistance pulmonary circuit
b. The RV pumps blood through the low-resistance systemic circulation
c. The LV pumps blood through the high-resistance systemic circulation
d. The RV pumps blood through the short, high resistance pulmonary circuit
3. The visceral pericardium or epicardium, covers the:
a. Inner surface of the heart
b. Outer surface of the heart
c. Vessels in the mediastinum
d. Endothelial lining of the heart
4. The valves and the inner heart are covered by a squamous epithelium, the:
a. Endocardium
b. Epicardium
c. Visceral pericardium
d. Parietal pericardium
5. Atrioventricular valves prevent backflow of blood into the __________: semilunar valves
prevent backflow into the __________.
a. Atria; ventricles
b. Lungs; systemic circulation
c. Ventricles; atria
d. Capillaries; lungs
6. Blood flows from the left atrium into the left ventricle through the _________ valve.
a. Tricuspid
b. L. semilunar
c. Mitral
d. All of the above
7. When deoxygenated blood leaves the right ventricle through a semilunar valve, it is forced into
the:
a. Pulmonary veins
b. Aortic arch
c. Pulmonary arteries
d. Lung capillaries
8. Blood from systemic circulation is returned to the right atrium by the:
a. Superior and inferior vena cava
b. Pulmonary veins
c. Pulmonary arteries
d. Brachiocephalic veins
9. oxygenated blood from the systemic arteries flows into:
a. peripheral tissue capillaries
b. systemic veins
c. the right atrium
d. the left atrium
10. The lung capillaries receive deoxygenated blood from the:
a. Pulmonary veins
b. Pulmonary arteries
c. Aorta
d. Superior and inferior vena cava
11. One of the important differences between skeletal muscle tissue and cardiac tissue is that
cardiac muscle tissue is:
a. Striated voluntary muscle
b. Multinucleated
c. Comprised of unusually large cells
d. Striated involuntary muscle
12. What is the purpose of the chordae tendineae? Where are they located?
13. What is the purpose of the papillary muscles? Where are they located?
14. What is the the trabeculae carnae? Where is it located?
15. What are the pectinate muscles? Where are they located?
16. Which ventricle wall is thicker, the right or the left? Why?
17. When arethe AV valves open and when are they closed?
18. What is the purpose of the AV valves?
19. What is the purpose of the semilunar valves?
20. Where does the LUB-DUP sound of the heart come from?
21. What happens if the AV valves don’t close all the way?
Directions: Fill in the blanks to complete the path of blood through the heart.
Oxygen _______________ blood enters the right _______________ via three veins 1)
the _______________ vena cava returns blood from body regions superior to the diaphragm;
2) the inferior _______________ returns blood from body regions inferior to the diaphragm;
3) the cornary sinus collects blood from the myocardium (heart tissue). Blood then travels
through the _______________ valve. It is called this because it has _______________
flexible cusps or flaps.
When the heart is completely relaxed the AV valve flaps hang limply into the
chambers below. The blood flows into the atria and then through the open AV
valves into the ______________. When the ventricles begin to
_______________, the valves close so that the blood is not pushed back into the
previous chamber.
After the blood passes through the tricuspid valve it enters the _______________
_______________. When the heart contracts the blood is forced out of this chamber,
through the _______________ _______________ valve and into the _______________
artery where it travels to the lungs and unloads _____________________
_____________________ and picks up _____________________. This
____________________ blood then travels back to the heart via the _______________
_______________ and enters the _______________ atrium. The blood then travels through
the _______________ valve into the __________ ______________. When the heart
_______________, the blood is forced out of the left ventricle, through the
_______________ _______________ valve and into the _______________. From here the
blood travels throughout the rest of the body. When the blood reaches cells that have a low
concentration of _______________, the _______________ from the blood stream diffuses
into the cells and _______________ _______________ diffuses from the cells and into the
blood stream. The blood then travels back to the heart and the cycle continues.
Attached to each of the AV valve flaps are tiny white collagen cords called _______________
_______________. These are the “______________________________” that anchor the
cusps to the _______________ _______________ protruding from the ventricular walls.
The _______________ _______________ contract when the ventricle contracts. As the
valves close, these muscles pull on the _______________ _______________ and prevent the
cusps from swinging into the atria. Trabeculae carneae are literally called “____________
____ ______________”. They are irregular ridges of _______________ that mark the
internal wall of the _______________ chambers.