Appendix A: Competitors’ Machines Benchmarking Elliptical Machines: Web Link: http://www.adventisthealthcare.com/Atoz/hl/fit/card/elliptical.asp Advantages: - Maximize time spent exercising; Minimize wear on joints - Total body workout 30 min - Great for all levels and ages Disadvantages: - Easy to over do your exercise - Low impact burns less calories - Some earlier models were built with shoddy craftsmanship while trying to make a gym machine at a home price Prices: $300 - $5000 Web Link: http://www.ivillage.com/diet/features/fitnessfind/articles/0,,195611_42 003,00.html?arrivalSA=1&cobrandRef=0&arrival_freqCap=1&pba=adid=8038977 http://www.bizrate.com/buy/products__att259--292999-,att292835--292840,cat_id--12050100.html Prices: $94.46 - $629.99 Web Link: http://www.megafitness.com/ellipticaltrainers.html?engine=adwords!1571&keyword=elliptical+machines&match_typ e= Low End: Name: The OrbiTrek Platinum Elliptical Trainer Price: $199.49 Features: - Takes impact out of workout - Works upper body too - Built solid - Easy use - Adjustable resistance level Middle: Name: Tunturi C3 Elliptical Crosstrainer Price: $799.00 Features: - Meter with max pulse and target values settings - Magnetic brakes that ensure smooth and quiet peddling - Resistance system with 8 steps - Console with time, step rate, energy consumptions, number of steps - Handgrip pulse measurement - Max user weight 250lb High End: Name: Tunturi C6 Elliptical Crosstrainer Rated "Best Buy" in Consumer's Digest Price: $1,299.00 Features: - Reading Rack - Heart rate and resistance control programs - Silent electromagnetic resistance - Console that shows time, step rate, energy consumption and heart rate - Max user weight 250 lb Stair Climbers: Web Link: http://www.healthatoz.com/healthatoz/Atoz/hl/fit/card/stair.jsp Advantages: - Aerobic work out Tones muscles in calves, thighs and buttocks Lower impact than jogging Can be done inside Disadvantages: - Hyperextension of the knee injuries have been known to occur - As fatigue sets in people place more weight ontheir triceps which decreases the benefits of the exercise Web Link: http://froogle.google.com/froogle?q=stair+climber&hl=en&lr=&sa=N&tab=ff &oi=froogler Low End: Name: Stair Climber with HeartRate Monitor - The Sharper Image US Price: $199.95 Features: - Contoured foot plates - LCD screen shows time, heart rate calories burned, etc… - Weighs 22lb - Hydraulic cylinder resistance - Only lower body work out Low End: Name: Mini Stepper & Flex - Mini Stair Climber Price: $94.99 Features: - Easy Storage - Hydraulic resistance - LCD monitor displays time, calories burned stride rate, etc… High End: Name: Star Trac 4130 Commercial Stair Climber with Polar & Contact Heart ... Price: $2999.99 Features: - Programs with 250 different workouts - Heart monitor Web Link: http://www.newsearching.com/stair_climber/stair_climber.html * Different Steppers Web Link: http://atoz.iqhealth.com/Atoz/Fitness/CardioCraze/stair.html *Background on what a stair climber is and how it works Stationary Bike Prices: http://www.megafitness.com/exercise-bikes.html $120 to $3200 http://www.stationary-bike.com/ $90 to $350 Features: http://www.stationary-bike.com/catalog/shop/Excel_185_Stationary_Bike Low end: -Dual-action handlebars -20 inch flywheel for friction resistance -Sturdy steel frame -Easy to use fitness computer Excel 185 Stationary Bike http://www.megafitness.com/mwt0006.html High End: -Large, Well-Balanced Flywheel -Adjustable Seat - Vertically & Forward/Backward -Adjustable Handlebar With Quick Release Lever -Stable Frame, Solid Steel Tube -Powder Painted -Wheels For Easy Transport -Electronic Meter -Pedal-Turns Per Minute (RPM) -Heart Rate In Beats Per Minute (HR) -Cycling-Time In Minutes & Seconds (TIME) -Intended Cycling Speed In Km Per Hour (SPEED) -Distance Covered In Km (DISTANCE) -Braking Power Can Be Set -Reading Of Calorie Consumption ( CAL ) -Power In Watts (WATT) -Weight: 144 Lbs (65 kg) -Chestbelt -Pedals With SPD/Toe Clips -2 Different PC Software: Anaerobic Test & Submax Aerobic Test Monark 894E Peak Bike Weight Ergometer Advantages: -Can Set Resistance -Sitting Position, so can have longer workout without tiring -Can be Self-Powered, so Cost Can be Low http://www.fitstep.com/Library/Info/Cardio_equipment3.htm -Non-Impact - no stress on knees or back. -It requires almost no skill to learn. Disadvantages: -Large in size -Not Easily Storable -Can Be Loud when in Use http://www.fitstep.com/Library/Info/Cardio_equipment3.htm -Uncomfortable seats. -Only works lower body – doesn’t burn as many calories (some bikes do have arm levers) Treadmill Prices: http://www.megafitness.com/treadmills.html http://www.megafitness.com/star-trac-treadmills.html $1550 to $6500 http://www.megafitness.com/stamina-treadmills.html $260 to $300 Features: Low End: http://www.megafitness.com/star-trac-tr2000p-remanufactured-treadmill.html -Measures speed from 0.5-10 mph (0.1 increments ) -0-15% Incline -Electronic Motor -8 Programs on Controller Star Trac TR2000P Remanufactured Treadmill High End: http://www.megafitness.com/str0001.html -Digital Scale -Weight scale -Calories Burned -Personal Fan -Entertainment Key Integration – Can plug in an existing control box -Pro Partner Technology – Can beam data to a Palm Pilot via Infrared Red Technology -User Friendly Console – -Holds Water Bottle -Holds Personal Electronic Equipment -Speed -Inline -Time elapsed -Calories burned -Distance -Heart rate -Laps completed -Pace (min/mile) -Calories/hour Star Trac Elite TR6633 Treadmill w/ Fans & Scale Advantages: http://www.fitstep.com/Library/Info/Cardio_equipment1.htm#treadmills -Burns more calories than most machines with similar intensity -Versatile -Fast or slow -Flat, incline and sometimes decline. -Motorized Ones keep the same pace -Electronic monitoring -Time -Intensity -Preprogrammed routines -Interval training -Hills -Fat loss . Disadvantages: http://www.fitstep.com/Library/Info/Cardio_equipment1.htm#treadmills -No forward-pushing force - tread goes backwards by itself (don’t work the muscles as much as walking on ground -Work done when bring leg forward – can overwork hip flexors and underwork your glutes and quads (hip flexors become very tight and cramp)