Work Study & Methods Engineering
Lecture 1. Introduction & Syllabus.
Lecture2
Work study: Workstudy indicates best & most efficient way of dong a job. IT is devided into two
parts:
1.Method Study or Motion Study.
2.Time study or Work Measurement.
Objectives of Work Study:
1.Uniform & improved production flow .
2.Higher productivivty.
3.Reduce manufacturing cost.
4.Fast & accurate delievery.
5.Lss fatigue to operaor.
6.Improved working process.
7.Reduced health hazards.
Charts:
A chart representing a process of any industry or plant is called a process chart. There are 3
kinds of process Charts.
1.Outline P.C: It is the begning of detailed analysis.It surveys & record an overall picture of the
process & state only main eveents.
2. Two Handed P.C: It is a charet which records accounts of the left hand & right hand of any
operator as related to each other.
3.Flow P.C: It is detailed version of outline process chart in its records all the events. There are
also four types of flow P.C.
1, Man type F.P.C 2. Equipment ype F.P.C, 3. Material type F.P.C. 4. Multiple Activity F.P.C
Man Type FPC:
It records only th activity of human /operator i.e what an operator do.
Equipment Type FPC:
It records the manner in which the equipment is used.
Multiple Type FPC:
It records what happens to the material .i.e the changes the material under
goes in action.
Multiple Activity Chart:
It is the chart where a no. of worker work in a group or an individual
operator handles two or more machines.Their activities have to be coordinated fvor achieving
proper results.It also records simultaneously by activities of all the workers & machine on a
common time scale. (period)
Diagram:
There are 2 main type of diagram:
1.Flow Diagram: A flow diagram is a drawing or a diagram which is drawn to scale. It marks the
path followd by man & material.
2.String Diagram: It’s a model of a scale plan of the shop in which every machine or equipment
is marked & a pin is struck by & the string threas is also struck to the machine or equpments
showing the box & activities.
Lecture #3
Work Study forms the basic work systems design. The purpose of work design is to identify the most
effective means of achieving necessary functions. Historically W.S aims at improving the esisting &
propssed ways of doing work & establishing standard time for work performance.
W.S is ageneric term for those techniqes nnamely method study U work mesasurement which are used
in the xamination of human work in all ists context that lead systematically to thee investigation of all
the factors which affect thee efficiency U evononmy of the situation being reviewed.
W.S is not new.Since the begingn of hman civilization there has been a tendency to bring about
improvements in activities performed by the people. But theis has been organized into technique U got
recognition in later stages. W.S is in compass by two techniques, Method study & work mesure ment.
W.S is the systematic roecording & crirtical examinationof existing U proposed ways of doing work as a
means of developing & applying easier & more effective methods to reduce cost. Work measurement
isw the application of techniqaues design to establish the time for a qualified worker to carry out
aspecified job at defin level of performance.
There is a close link b/w Method study & work measurement .W.S is concerned with the reduction of
the work containt & developing the one best way of doing the job whereas W.M is concened with
investigation & reduction of any ineffectgiv time associated with the job & estimation time statndards fo
an operation carried out as per standard method.
Lecture no.4
Need of Work Study:
Principle of W.S was to be employed even long ago in order to explore improvement when industry was
simple & involve lsser problems , ofecourse & systematic procedure was not there.Today the industries
with all their complexities & mderanization naturally demand the more systematic approach like the
W.S in its present form. W.S finds applicaions in
1. Insdustries.(Production operation & research)
2. Marketin, Sales and distribution.
3. Offices, stores & ware houses.
4. Material handling.
5. Design
6. Bulding & other construction.
7. Transport & hospital.
8. Army & Agriculture.
Lecture no.5
Objectives of Work Study:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Uniform & improved production flow.
Higher productivities.
Reduced manufacturing cost.
Fast & accurate delivery dates.
Better employe – employer relations.
Better service to customer.
Job security & job satisfaction to workers.
Better working & other condition.
Higher wages to workers.
Lecture no.6
Objectives of Method Study:
1. Improve working & standardized processes.
2. Beter work place layout, neat & clean environment & working condintion.
3. Less fatigue to workers.
4. Better product quality.
5. Effective utilizaitn of men, material, machinery.
6. Efficient & fast material handling.
7. Reduce health hazards.
8. Efficient Menning of section.
9. Standarised working procedures.
Objectives of Work Measurement:
1. W.M determines the time required to doa job, thus it compares alternative methods &
established the fasted method.
2. W.M decides man power required for a job, it helps in a man power evonomy.
3. W.M decides quipment.
4. \W.M provides information for effeciv production planning & maintainanc procedure.
5. W.M aids in calculation exact dlivery dates.
6. W.M dcides realistic labour and getting & provide a base for standard costing system
7. W.M provides a base for fair & found incentive schemes.
8. W.M results in effective labor control.