Plantae: Divisions
1. Mosses and liverworts :Division Bryophyte (bryophytes)
-No vascular tissue and therefore no roots or stems
-restricted to moist environments because they absorb water directly
through the surface of the plant
Ferns and Fern Allies:
2. Division Psilophyta: Whisk Ferns Psilotum
-green branching stems with scale like appendages and round little
sporangia (structures in which spores develop)
Moa, Psilotum nudum
3. Division Lycophyta: Club Mosses, Lycopodium 'Wawae'iole' &
Selaginella
-Sporangia arranged in clusters at the ends of stems
-stems are covered with small overlapping scale like leaves
4. Division Spenophyta: Horse tails Equisetum
5. Division Pterophyta: Ferns Cybotium, Hapu'u, ETC
-Largest group of nonseeding plants
-Divided leaves are called Fronds
-spores are carried on the underside of the Fronds
-Fronds arise from underground stems called Rhizomes
-Fiddle heads are young fronds as they uncurl
-abundant during past ages and contributed significantly to our coal
deposits
Gymnosperms: Seeds naked at maturity and born in cones
3. Division Coniferophyta
-includes Pine Spruce, Redwoods, Larches, Fir
-largest and oldest trees in the world
-No native Gymnosperms in Hawaii probably because the seeds are not
salt tolerant and are not carried my birds and are too big to blow here
-supply lumber, paper pulp, turpentine, rosin
Note: Pine nuts are the seeds of the Pinyon pine
Note: Juniper berries are used to make Gin
4. Cycadophyta: variable sized shrubs that bear seeds in cones but have a
palm like appearance. EX Sago Palm.
-not native to Hawaii
5. Ginkgophyta: Only one surviving species; Gingko biloba
-fan shaped leaves
-was propagated in a Chinese monastery and is now adays only rarely
found in the wild
-tolerant to air pollution
6. Gnetophyta: small group of gymnosperms
-Ephedra spp is a dessert shrub that produces ephedrine (antihistimine)
Angiosperms: Flowering plants Most wide spread and diverse plants on
earth. Over 250,000 known species
7. Anthophyta
FINAL NOTE:
Fungi are not plants. They are classified as either Protista or Fungi
depending on complexity.