Name________________
Date________Period____
The Cell Portfolio
Biology
Mr. Rizzo
Objective: You will look various preserved and live cells under a microscope to learn
the functions and the descriptions of the cells and their organelles.
Pre lab:
1. List the 3 parts of the Cell Theory
a. __________________________________________________
b. __________________________________________________
c. __________________________________________________
2. Write a short description of each of the following:
-Cell membrane ________________________________________________
--Cell Wall ___________________________________________________
-Cytoplasm____________________________________________________
--Nucleus_____________________________________________________
--Organelle___________________________________________________
--Prokaryote__________________________________________________
--Eukaryote__________________________________________________
3. Identify the Organelles that both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotic share then list
those they do not.
Prokaryotes Cells
Both Share
Eukaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic cells are more advanced cells. These cells are found in plants,
animals, and protists (small unicellular "animalcules").
The eukaryotic cell is composed of 4 main parts:
Nucleus - the "control center" of the cell, contains the cell's
DNA (chromosomes)
Organelles - "little organs" that carry out cell functions
Cytoplasm - jelly-like fluid interior of the cell
Cell Wall and Cell Membrane - outer boundaries of cell
7-1 Procedure: Nucleus and Nucleolus (frog blood):




Obtain a preserved frog blood slide.
Use the SCANNING objective to find cells,
You may barely see the cells at this power.
Switch to low power. Cells should be visible,
but they will be small and look like nearly clear
purplish blobs.
Once you think you have located a cell, switch
to high power and refocus.
Magnification:______ x
--Sketch the cells under High Power and label the
nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane.
Frog Blood
1. How could you clone a frog using its blood? ____________________________
________________________________________________________________
7-1 Procedure: Nucleus and Nucleolus (onion cell):
Snap an onion bulb scale in half
Magnification:______ x
Using a fingernail peel off the thin layer of
onion tissue that holds the scale together.
 Place one thin onion layer onto a microscope
slide.
 Add one drop of iodine (remember it is a
stain)
 Use the SCANNING objective to focus.
 Switch to low power and refocus.
 Once you think you have located a cell,
switch to high power and refocus.
---Sketch the cells under High Power and label
Onion cells
the nucleus, cytoplasm, cell wall and cell
membrane.
1. Are chloroplasts present? (Why or why not) __________________________


2. Are the Onion Cells after staining alive/_____
3. What does the cell wall react with iodine? ____________________________
_____________________________________________________________
7-2 Procedure: Eukaryotic Cells (Elodea cell)
Obtain a preserved Elodea slide.
Use the SCANNING objective to find cells.
Switch to low power.
Once you think you have located a cell, switch to
high power and refocus.
--Sketch the cells under all three objectives.
Under High Power label the nucleus, cytoplasm, cell
wall, chloroplasts, and water vacuole.




Magnification:______ x
1. Describe the shape of the elodea cell. ________
______________________________________
2. What is the color of the chloroplasts. ________
Elodea cells
3. Why are they this color? _________________
_____________________________________________________________
4. What is the function of the chloroplasts? ____________________________
7-2 and 7-3
Procedure: Cell Membrane and Cytoplasm (cheek cell)
Gently scrape the inside of your cheek with the flat side of a toothpick. Scrape
lightly.
 Put a drop of methylene blue on a slide. Caution: methylene blue will stain
clothes and skin.
 Place a coverslip onto the slide
 Use the SCANNING objective to focus. You barely see the cells at this power.
 Switch to low power. Cells should be visible, but they will be small and look like
nearly clear purplish blobs. If you are looking at something dark purple, it is
probably not a cell
 Once you think you have located a cell, switch to high power and refocus.
(Remember, do NOT use the coarse adjustment knob at this point)
---Sketch the cells under High Power and
Label the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane.

1. Why is methylene blue necessary?
____________________________________
Magnification:______ x
2. Are the cheeks cells after staining alive/_____
3. Cheek cells do not move on their own, so you will
not find two organelles that function for cell
movement. Name these organelles. __________
__________
4. The light microscope used in the lab is not
powerful enough to view other organelles in the
cheek cell. What parts of the cell were visible?
__________ __________ __________
Cheek cells
5. Is the cheek cell a Eukaryote or prokaryote? How do you know? ______________
6. Explain how I could create a CLONE of you from your cheek cell. _____________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
7. What was the major difference between human and frog blood cells?__________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
7-3 Procedure: Cell Wall (Cork cell)




Obtain a preserved Cork slide.
Use the SCANNING objective to find cells,
Switch to low power. Individual cells should
be visible.
Once you think you have located a single
cell, switch to high power and refocus.
Magnification:______ x
--Sketch the cells under High Power label the
nucleus, cytoplasm, cell wall and cell membrane.
(if you see them)
1. Are the cells alive? __________________
2. Why is the cell wall the only visible structure? _______________________
_____________________________________________________________
7-3 Procedure: Animal or plant Cell
 Obtain a preserved Mystery slide
If using the over head projector begin
sketching.
 Use the SCANNING objective to find cells,
 Switch to low power. Individual cells should
be visible.
 Once you think you have located a single
cell, switch to high power and refocus.
Magnification:______ x
--Sketch the cells under High Power label the
structures that you see
1. Is this an animal or a plant cell? ___________________________________
2. In the space below defend you answer. _____________________________
_____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
7-1 Bacterial Cell Model - (you may need to use your lab packets, text
books or the internet) http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/bactcell.htm
Chromosomes (DNA)
Ribosomes
Pili
Cell wall
Cell membrane
Flagella (um)
Capsule
Plasmid
8.________________
Surface Structure: Beginning from the outermost structure and moving inward, bacteria have
some or all of the following structures:
capsule
This layer of polysaccharide (sometimes proteins) protects the bacterial cell and
is often associated with pathogenic bacteria because it serves as a barrier against
phagocytosis by white blood cells.
cell wall
Composed of peptidoglycan (polysaccharides + protein), the cell wall maintains the
overall shape of a bacterial cell. The three primary shapes in bacteria are coccus
(spherical), bacillus (rod-shaped) and spirillum (spiral). Mycoplasma are bacteria
that have no cell wall and therefore have no definite shape.
This is a lipid bilayer much like the cytoplasmic (plasma) membrane of other cells.
plasma
There are numerous proteins moving within or upon this layer that are primarily
membrane
responsible for transport of ions, nutrients and waste across the membrane.
7-2 Animal and Plant Cell Coloring
Directions: Choose a color for each of the organelles below. If both the animal and
plant cells share the same organelle use the same color.
Cell
Membrane
Ribosome
Nuclear Membrane
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Smooth
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Chloroplasts
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Golgi Apparatus
Microtubules
Vacuole
Cell Wall
Lysosome
Flagella
LAB ANALYSIS AND THEORIES:
Explain why Scientists can expect to find:
 A lot of Mitochondria sperm cells mid region.
____________________________________________________________
 Lysosomes in your cheek cells.
____________________________________________________________
 Large Vacuoles in plant cells.
____________________________________________________________
 Chloroplasts in phytoplankton.
____________________________________________________________
Using the terms below summarize Protein Production. For help use
http://www.biologycorner.com/bio1/cell.html
Golgi apparatus,
nucleolus,
exocytosis,
Protein,
Endoplasmic Reticulum,
Ribosomes,
A __________ is found inside of the nucleus in most eukaryotes. The nucleolus
manufactures __________ that makes __________ and transport them
through the __________ __________ to the_________ _________. The
GA then processes the proteins, tags it and exports it out of the cell
(by _________ ) to where the protein is needed.
Categorize the cells you have looked at in this lab as either animal or plant cells
Onion, Elodea, Frog blood, Cork, Human Cheek Cells
Animal Cells
Plant Cells
______ ______ ______ ______
______ ______ ______ ______
LAB ANALYSIS AND THEORIES:
Complete this Chart. Indicate by using CHECK marks each structure contained in
a plant and/or animal cell.
NUCLEUS
CELL
NUCLEAR
CELL
CYTOPLASM
CHLOROPLASTS
WALL
MEMBRANE
MEMBRANE
Animal cell
Plant Cell
Compare and Contrast the animal cell to the plant.
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
The Cell Portfolio Rubric:
Organization and Presentation: Based on how well you can take care of these papers and how well
your final product looks.
Exceeds
Expectations
5 pts
Page
#1 #2 #3
1
2
3
4
Meets
Expectation,
4 pts
Barely meets
expectation
3 pts
Below
Expectations
2 pts
Questions
Diagrams labeled (1 2 3) (4 5 6 7)
Points
/3
(½ each)
Diagrams, labeled, magnification, #1
Diagram, labeled, magnification, #1, #2 #3
Diagram, labeled, magnification, #1 #2 #3 #4
5
6
Diagram, labeled, magnification,
#s 1, 2 3 4 5 6 7
Plant Cell
Animal Cell
7
8
Diagram, labeled, magnification, #1, #2
Explanations 1 2 3 4
Paragraph fill in (½ each)
Categorize animal (1) Plant (1)
9
Needs
Improvement
1 pts
Chart animal (1) Plant (1)
Compare and contrast animal (1) Plant (1)
/3.5
/4
/6
/7
/10
/2
/2
/5
/4
/3.5
/2
/2
/2
Total points
/ 56
Grade
___
28