World Geography
Chapter 1 & 2
Ch. 1 – Studying Geography
Ch. 2 – Earth In Space
Geography
► ________________ – the study of everything on earth.
► 2 main branches of Geography
 _________ Geography
►The study of how people and their activities vary from place to place.
 ____________ Geography
►The study of how Earth’s natural features vary from place to place.
Uses of Geography
► _______________
 The branch of geography that studies maps and mapmaking.
 Computers have revolutionized map production.
 The U.S. Geological Survey is the largest employer of cartographers.
► _________________
 The field of geography that specializes in ___________ and weather forecasting.
 The person providing information on the nightly news is a meteorologist.
The Six essential elements
►
1. The World in __________ Terms

►
2. ________ and ____________

►
All about the people
5. _________ and __________

►
The Earth’s Physical features (mountains, oceans, hurricanes)
4. _________ Systems

►
How we perceive various regions
3. ____________ Systems

►
Focus on spatial perspective.
How we interact with the environment
6. The ___________ of Geography

Helps us to understand relationships among different peoples past and
present as well as the physical make up of our planet.
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World Geography
Chapter 1 & 2
Ch. 1 – Studying Geography
Ch. 2 – Earth In Space
Geography Terms
► ________ – Pattern of lines that circle the globe in east-west and north-south
directions.
► __________ – lines drawn in an east-west direction and measure distance north &
south of the equator
► ___________ – lines of longitude are drawn in a north-south direction and measure
distance east and west of the Prime Meridian.
► __________ – imaginary line that circles the globe halfway between the North Pole
& South Pole.
Geography Terms
►
__________ – Another name for lines of latitude. They are always parallel to the
equator. Parallels north of the equator are labeled with an N, and those south of the
equator are labeled with an S.
►
____________ – Another name for lines of longitude.
►
_________ __________ – imaginary line that runs through _____________, England,
from the North Pole to the South Pole.
►
__________ – Measurement used when using latitude & longitude. Symbol for
degrees is ° . Degrees are further divided into minutes, for which the symbol is ‘.
There are 60 minutes in a degree.
Geography Terms
►
_____________ – The world is divided into ____ hemispheres. The equator divides
the earth into a Northern & Southern Hemisphere. The Prime Meridian divides the
earth into a Eastern & Western Hemispheres.
►
____________ – The earth’s land surfaces are organized into 7 continents. ______
America, ________ America, _________, ________, ______, ___________, and
________________.
►
____________ – The largest division of water surfaces. There are 4 major oceans.
_________ Ocean, _________ Ocean, __________ Ocean, & _________ Ocean.
Maps
► ________ – book of maps.
► ________ __________ – projecting round earth on a flat map.
► Types of Maps
 ________, ___________, Special Purpose, etc.
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World Geography
Chapter 1 & 2
Ch. 1 – Studying Geography
Ch. 2 – Earth In Space
► Map Tools:
 ___________ __________ – shows which directions are north, south, east, &
west.
 __________ _________ – A directional indicator that has arrows that point to all
four principal directions.
 __________ – used to represent distances between points on a map.
 _________ or __________ – explains what the symbols on the map represent.
Solar System
► The __________ system is the sun and the group of bodies that revolve around it.
► Almost all of Earth’s energy comes form the _________
► ____________ – A body that orbits a larger body. _________ are natural satellites
The Sun, the Earth, and the Moon
► The diameter of the Earth is about __________ miles.
► The diameter of the Sun is about __________ miles.
► The Moon is ___________ miles from the Earth.
► The Earth’s orbit averages about _____ million miles from the Sun.
The Solar System
► ______________
 One complete spin of the Earth on its axis. Takes _____ hours.
 Solar energy hits only the half of the earth that is facing the sun.
► ______________
 Earths movement around the sun. Takes 365 ¼ days to complete one revolution.
► _________ ___________
 Earth is tilted at _____ ½ degree angle.
 North polar axis always points towards the North Star.
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World Geography
Chapter 1 & 2
Ch. 1 – Studying Geography
Ch. 2 – Earth In Space
Seasons
►
____________ – low latitude areas near the equator that receives great amounts of
solar energy year round.
►
_______ _________ – high latitude areas that are cold most of the year, because they
do not receive great amounts of solar energy.
►
_________ – Northern and Southern Hemispheres have opposite seasons, because
they receive direct solar rays at different times of the year (due to tilt of earth).
►
__________ – occurs twice a year. Time when earths poles point toward or away
from the sun more than at any other time. (Occur around Dec. 21 & June 21)
►
___________ of __________ – Latitude in S. Hemisphere. Receives suns most direct
rays during the December Solstice.
►
__________ of __________ – Latitude in N. Hemisphere. Receives suns most direct
rays during the June Solstice.
►
__________ – Occurs twice a year. Earth’s poles are not pointed toward or away
from the sun. Night and day are equal (12 hours each). Occurs around March 21 &
Sept. 22
The Earth System
► __________ __________ – Interactions of elements on and around our planet
► Broken into 4 parts
 ____________ – layer of gases that surround earth
 ____________ – Surface of the planet
 ____________ – all the water of the planet
 ____________ – Part of the earth where all plant and animal life exists
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