MODEL QUESTION PAPER - 2006
NATIONAL CERTIFICATION EXAMINATION
FOR
ENERGY MANAGERS & ENERGY AUDITORS
PAPER-I: GENERAL ASPECTS OF ENERGY MANAGEMENT & ENERGY AUDIT
Duration: 3 Hrs.
Max. Marks: 150
Section-I: OBJECTIVE TYPE
Marks: 1×50 = 50
i)
Each question carries one mark
Put a (√ ) tick mark in the appropriate box in the answer book
1
Which fuel dominates the energy mix in Indian energy scenario?–
a) Oil
2
b) Natural gas c) Coal
Indian per capita energy consumption is ____ of the world average.
a) 4%
3
5
b) 20%
c) 1%
d) 10%
India’s energy intensity is ___ times of world average.
a) 1.5
4
d) Nuclear
b) 2.5
c) 3.6
d) 10
Name the Act, which is proposed to bring the qualitative transformation of the electricity
sector:
a) Regulatory Commission Act 1998
b) Indian Electricity Act 1910
c) Supply Act 1948
d) Electricity Act 2003
Projected temperature increase by the year 2100 due to climate change is:
a) 2
b) 4
c) 6
d) 8
6
Nameplate kW or HP rating of a motor indicates
7
a) input kW to the motor
b) output kW of the motor
c) minimum input kW to the motor
d) maximum input kW to the motor
Nameplate kW or HP rating of a motor indicates
a) input kW to the motor
c) minimum input kW to the motor
8
b) output kW of the motor
d) maximum input kW to the motor
The property of viscosity of liquid fuels:
a) decreases with decreasing temperature
b) increases with increasing temperature
c) decreases with increasing temperature
d) increases with decreasing temperature
9
Unit of specific heat in SI system is_________.
a) joule /kg °C
b) kg/cm2
c) kcal/m3
d) kcal/cm2
10 The method of producing power by utilizing steam generated for process in the boiler is
termed as ----a) Extraction
b) Cogeneration
c) Both a & b
d) Neither a nor b
11 In an utility steam boiler, heat loss due to radiation normally is in the range of
a) 10%
b) 14%
c) 1%
d) 8%
12 In a coal fired boiler, hourly consumption of coal is 1000 kg. The ash content in the coal is
3%. Calculate the quantity of ash formed per day. Boiler operates 24 hrs/day.
a) 50 kg
b) 300 kg
c) 33 kg
d) 720 kg
13 Which of the following is a speed measuring device
a) Fyrite
b) Stroboscope
c) Periscope
d) Power analyser
14 Energy supplied by electricity, Q in kCal is equal to _____ .
a) kWh x 8.6
b) kWh x 86
c) kWh x 860
d) none
15 In material and energy balance, which of the following may not be considered
a) raw materials
b) rejects
c) production
d) cost
16 An energy policy is preferably signed by the
a) top management
b) energy Manager
c) energy auditor
d) Electrical manager
17 Providing information to BEE is the role of energy manager as per
a) Energy Conservation Act 2003
b) Energy Conservation Act 2004
c) Energy Conservation Act 2002
d) Energy Conservation Act 2001
18 In energy action planning, Monitoring and targeting is only a part of the comprehensive
information systems. State True or False?
19 Under Energy Conservation of Act 2001, data on energy consumed & action on
recommendations of accredited energy auditor should be reported to
a) BEE and state level agency once a year
b) BEE and state level agency twice year
c) BEE only
d) State level designated agency only
20 Which one of them is a positive force towards achieving goal of reduced energy
consumption?
a) tax on energy consumption
b) competing corporate priorities
c) Insufficient financial resources to fund
d) Absence of corporate energy policy
21 For all the expenditures in the plant, the value of cash flow at the end of the year will be
a)
Positive
b) Negative
c)
Nil
d) None of the above
22 The internal rate of return cannot distinguish between ____________
a) Lending
b) Borrowing
c) Both a & b
d) None
23 The present value of a Rs. 1000 cost in year “0” projected to 10 years at an escalation rate of
5% and a 10% interest rate is:
a) Rs. 4225
b) Rs. 628
c) Rs. 1
d) Rs. 2.33
24 What is ESCO?
a) Energy saving company
b) Energy sourcing company
c) Energy service company
d) Energy section of company
25 The key to the successful involvement of an ESCO in performance contracting is:
a) Monitoring
b) Verification
c) Both a & b
d) None
26 Which of the following statements about critical path analysis (CPA) is true?
a) The critical path is the longest path through the network
b) The critical path is the shortest path through the network
c) Tasks with float will never become critical
d) The network should remain constant throughout the project
27
The network model that allows for randomness in activity completion times is called
(a) CUSUM
(b) CPM
(c) PERT
(d) Gantt chart
28 Performance is done after implementation. State True or false
29 In project management system, Critical Path Method CPM) allows for randomness activity
completion time deterministic method while Programme Evaluation Review Technique
(PERT) uses fixed time estimate for each activity. State True or False
30 Which of the following does not belongs to project planning technique?
a) CPM
b) PERT
c) Gantt chart
d) IRR (internal rate of return)
31 The best way of correlating production and energy data in any plant is…..
a) Text format
b) Graphical representation
c) Oral communication
d) None
32 What is CUSUM?
a) Cumbersome
b) Cumulative Sum
c) Calculated Sum
d) None
33 To draw a CUSUM chart following data is required
a) Monthly energy consumption& monthly production
b) Monthly specific energy consumption and turn over
c) Monthly profits and production
d) None
34 Energy and production data is useful to calculate……
a) Specific Energy Consumption
b) Specific Fuel consumption
c) Specific Cost
d) None
35 What do you mean by “toe”
a) Total oil equivalent
b) Tons of effluent
c) Tons of oil equivalent
d) none of the above
36 The predicted raise in mean sea level due to global warming by the year 2100 ____
a) 1 m
b) 1 cm
c) 2 m
d) 9 -88 cm
37 What is COP?
a) Conference of Parties
b) Coefficient of Pollution
c) Coalition of Parties
d) Convention of People
38 Which country emits maximum CO2?
a) Australia
b) Iceland
c) Norway
d) USA
39 CDM stands for
a) Carbon Depletion Mechanism
b) Clean Development Mechanism
c) Clear Development Mechanism
d) Carbon Depletion Machinery
40 The first project GOI approved under prototype carbon fund is_____
a) SWERF
b) NICE
c) Asia-Urbs
d) ICT
41 The world average per person energy consumption is equivalent to _____tonnes of coal
a) 3
b) 2.2
c) 4.5
d) 1.0
42 The time between its earliest and latest start time, or between its earliest and latest finish
time of an activity is
a) delay time
b) slack time
c) critical path d) start time
43 Non contact flow measurements can be carried out by
a) Magnetic flow meter
b) Orifice flow meter
c) Ultrasonic flow meter
d) Pitot tube
44 Nameplate kW or HP rating of a motor indicates
a) input kW to the motor
c) minimum input kW to the motor
b) output kW of the motor
d) maximum input kW to the motor
45 The energy used by any manufacturing process varies with
a) production volume
b) type of process
c) resource input
d) All the above
46 The specific heat of ____ is very high compared to other common substances listed below.
a) Lead
b) Mercury
c) Water
d) Alcohol
47 In a drying process moisture is reduced from 60% to 30%. Initial weight of the material is
200 kg. Calculate the weight of the product.
a) 100
b) 120
c) 130
d) 114.3
48 In force field analysis of energy action-planning, one of the actions below do not fall under
positive force?
1) high price of energy
2) energy efficient technology available
3) top management commitment
4) lack of awareness
49 The predicted raise in mean sea level due to global warming by the year 2100 ____
a) 1 m
b) 1 cm
c) 2 m
d) 9 -88 cm
50 The agency to look after the climate changes and for action to cut GHG ____
a) UNFCCC
b) WHO
c) DOE
d) GOI
Section-II: SHORT QUESTIONS
ii)
iii)
1
Marks: 5×10 = 50
Answer any TEN of the following
Each question carries FIVE marks
What is greenhouse gas effect?
The heating up of earth’s atmosphere due to trapping of long wavelength infrared rays by the
carbon di- oxide layer in the atmosphere is called green house effect.
2
3
A three phase induction 75 kW motor operates at 55 kW. The measured voltage
is 415 V, current is 80 amps. Calculate the power factor of the motor?
Power consumption
=
3 x V x I x Cos ǿ
(55 x 1000)
=
3 x 415 x 80 x Cos ǿ
Power factor (Cos ǿ)
=
(55 x 1000)/(
=
0.96
3 x 415 x 80)
What are the few important technical feasibility parameters that one should
consider during analysis of energy conservation opportunities?
The technical feasibility should address the following issues:
4

Technology availability, space, skilled manpower, reliability, service etc

The impact of energy efficiency measure on safety, quality, production or
process.

The maintenance requirements and spares availability
List any three energy loss components in chemical plant.
Energy loss components in chemical plants are:
1.
Flue / exhaust gas losses (from boilers, reactors etc.)
2. Evaporation loss (from cooling tower, condenser)
3. Surface heat losses (boilers, process equipment etc.)
5
Describe briefly in three or four lines the actions which you take to bring
awareness on energy management program?
One of the most successful means of motivating employees is through “awareness”.
Inform them of
(1) the amount of energy they are using (2) the costs involved (3) the critical part that energy
plays in the continued viability of their job (4) the many ways they can save energy in their
operation (5) the relationship between production rate and energy consumption.
6
List down at least three effects of acid rain?
The effects of acid rains are as follows:
7

Acidification of lakes, streams and soils.

Direct and indirect affects (release of metals, for e.g. aluminium which
washes away plant nutrients

Killing of wild life.

Decay of building materials, paints, statues and sculptures.

Health problems (respiratory, burning skin and eyes)
Why short term payback is an inadequate yardstick for assessing longer
term benefits?
The benefits arising from some energy saving measures may continue long after
their payback periods. Such measures do not need to be written off using fast
discounting rates but can be regarded as adding to the long term value of the assets.
For this reason, short term payback is an inadequate yardstick for assessing longer
term benefits
8
9
What are the different types of contracts involved in project
management system.

Traditional contract

Extended technical guarantee/service

Extended financing terms

Guaranteed savings performance contract

Shared savings performance contract
What do you understand by CUSUM?
CUSUM represents the difference between the base line (expected or “standard”
consumption) and the actual consumption data points over the base line period of
time. A CUSUM graph therefore follows a trend, which represents the random
fluctuations of energy consumption and should oscillate about zero. This trend will
continue until something happens to alter the pattern of consumption such as the
effect of an energy saving measure or, conversely, a worsening in energy efficiency
(poor control, housekeeping or maintenance).
10
Write about chemistry of ozone?
Ozone formed by combination of three oxygen atoms, is a very unstable molecule.
The combination is brought about by high intensity ultra violet rays of the sun in
the upper atmosphere.
Section-III: LONG DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONS
i)
ii)
1
Marks: 10×5 = 50
Answer any FIVE of the following
Each question carries TEN marks
How energy pricing is done in India?
Coal: Grade wise basic price of coal at the pithead excluding statutory levies for
run-of-mine (ROM) coal are fixed by Coal India Ltd from time to time. The
pithead price of coal in India compares favourably with price of imported coal. In
spite of this, industries still import coal due to its higher calorific value and low
ash content.
Oil: As part of the energy sector reforms, the government has attempted to bring
prices for many of the petroleum products (naphtha, furnace oil, LSHS, LDO and
bitumen) in line with international prices. The most important achievement has
been the linking of diesel prices to international prices and a reduction in subsidy.
However, LPG and kerosene, consumed mainly by domestic sectors, continue to
be heavily subsidised. Subsidies and cross-subsidies have resulted in serious
distortions in prices, as they do not reflect economic costs at all in many cases.
Natural Gas: The government has been the sole authority for fixing the price of
natural gas in the country. It has also been taking decisions on the allocation of gas
to various competing consumers.
Electricity: Electricity tariffs in India are structured in a relatively simple manner.
While high tension consumers are charged based on both demand (kVA) and
energy (kWh), the low-tension (LT) consumer pays only for the energy consumed
(kWh) as per tariff system in most of the electricity boards. In addition to the base
tariffs, some of the State Electricity Boards have additional recovery from
customers in form of fuel surcharges, electricity duties and taxes.
2
Describe the merits of using steam in industries.
Steam has been a popular mode of conveying energy, since the industrial
revolution. The following characteristics of steam make it so popular and useful to
the industry:

Highest specific heat and latent heat

Highest heat transfer coefficient

Easy to control and distribute

Cheap and inert
Steam is used for generating power and also used in process industries, such as,
sugar, paper, fertilizer, refineries, petrochemicals, chemical, food, synthetic fiber
and textiles. In the process industries, the high pressure steam produced in the
boiler, is first expanded in a steam turbine for generating power. The extraction or
bleed from the turbine, which are generally at low pressure, are used for the
process. This method of producing power, by the steam generated for process in
the boiler, is called "cogeneration."
3
Discuss the procedure followed during energy and mass balance
calculation.
The energy and mass balance is a calculation procedure that basically checks if
directly or indirectly measured energy and mass flows are in agreement with the
energy and mass conservation principles
This balance is of the utmost importance and is an indispensable tool for a clear
understanding of the energy and mass situation achieved practice.
In order to use it correctly, the following procedure should be used:

Clearly identify the problem to be studied.

Define a boundary that encloses the entire system or sub-system to be
analysed. Entering and leaving mass and energy flows must be measured
at the boundary.

The boundary must be chosen in such a way that:
a) All relevant flows must cross it, all non-relevant flows being
within the boundary.
b) Measurements at the boundary must be possible in an easy and
accurate manner.

Select an appropriate test period depending on the type of process and
product.

Carry out the measurements.

Calculate the energy and mass flow.

Verify an energy and mass balance. If the balances are outside acceptable
limits, then repeat the measurements.

The energy release or use in endothermic and exothermic processes
should be taken into consideration in the energy balance.
4
An energy auditor recommended to replace an old air fan and
incompetently designed air delivery duct system causing Rs 23 lakh a
year in electricity cost by changing the system with a modern backward
curved fan with adequately designed duct system for total investment
costs of Rs 2.2 lakh. Expected electricity cost reduction is 5%.
Considering over 15 years sustained savings, calculate ‘IRR’
Life of the modified system
: 15 years
Expected annual savings
: 5%
: 0.05 x 2300000
Rs. 1,15,000 / year
Investment
S=
(1  i ) n xi
xI
(1  i ) n  1
S = annual energy savings
I = Investment
N = years
I = Internal rate of return
115000 (1  i ) 15 xi

220000 (1  i ) 15  1
By trial and error method, I = 52%
: Rs 2,20,000/-
5
What are the several types of contracts used in project management
and explain in brief?

Traditional Contract: All project specifications are provided to a
contractor who procures and installs equipment at cost plus a markup or fixed price.

Extended Technical Guarantee/Service: The contract offers
extended guarantees on the performance of selected equipment,
and/or offers service/maintenance agreements.

Extended Financing Terms: The contractor provides the option of
an extended lease or other financing vehicle in which the payment
schedule can be based on the expected savings.

Guaranteed Saving Performance Contract: All or part of
savings is guaranteed by the contractor, and all or part of the costs of
equipment and/or services is paid down out of savings as they are
achieved.

Shared Savings Performance Contract: The contractor provides
the financing and is paid an agreed fraction of actual savings as they
are achieved. This payment is used to pay down the debt costs of
equipment and/or services.