MCAS Practice Questions Evolution
Directions - use the last page as an answer sheet. Print and bring to class on
Friday.
1.
In the deserts of the southwestern United States, rock formations made
from lava flows are found scattered across the sand. The rock pocket
mouse, which has dark fur, lives on the black lava rocks. The Apache pocket
mouse, which has light fur, lives on the tan sand. Which of the following
statements best explains how these two types of mice could have evolved
from a common ancestor?
A. Individual mice changed their fur color to escape their predators.
B. Natural selection favored different fur colors in the different habitats.
C. The emigration of mice changed the gene pools in the original population.
D.
2.
The original population of mice spread out geographically to relieve
overcrowding.
Partial amino acid sequences for a particular protein in three animal species
are shown below. Each letter in the sequence stands for an amino acid. For
example, Q stands for glutamine, and L stands for leucine.
Species
Green junglefowl (bird)
Nile crocodile (reptile)
Domestic chicken (bird)
Amino Acid Sequence
QHEPHERKRM
SHDPAQQKRL
QHEPHKRKRM
Which of the following statements best explains how these sequence data are
evidence for evolution?
A.
All species translate the amino acid sequences of their proteins in a similar
way.
B.
The species that are most closely related have the most similar amino acid
sequences.
C.
Individual organisms acquire changes in their amino acid sequences over their
lifetimes.
D.
3.
The organisms that evolved at the same time in geologic history have identical
amino acid sequences.
The bones that make up the forelimbs of monkeys, cats, whales, and birds
are similar. Which of the following statements best supports the
evolutionary relationship of these animals?
A.
The animals have different ancestries but have adapted to similar
environments.
B.
The animals share a common ancestry but have adapted to different
environments.
C.
The animals at one time lived in different environments but now share an
environment.
D.
The animals use their forelimbs for identical activities but live in different
environments.
4.
Antibiotic resistance can vary within a population of bacteria. The diagram
below represents the changes in a population of bacteria as a result of
exposure to an antibiotic over time.
The changes in the population are most likely the result of which of the following?
A. exponential growth
B. genetic crosses
C. immigration
D. natural selection
5.
The fossil record supports which of the following descriptions of the
evolution of life on Earth?
A. Life first appeared with the diversity found today.
B. The importance of natural selection diminished over time.
C. Complex organisms evolved from more simple organisms.
D. Large organisms appeared before single-celled organisms.
6.
The Asian shore crab invaded parts of the eastern coast of the United
States about 15 years ago. The Asian shore crab preys on blue mussels. In
the time since the Asian shore crab arrived, the average shell thickness has
increased in the blue mussel population.Which of the following is the most
likely reason that this increase in shell thickness has occurred?
A.
Blue mussels with thick shells attract more crabs than mussels without thick
shells.
B.
Blue mussels with thick shells grow in larger colonies than mussels without
thick shells.
C.
Blue mussels with thick shells catch more food per day than mussels without
thick shells.
D.
Blue mussels with thick shells survive and reproduce more successfully than
mussels without thick shells.
7.
A species of parasitic fly follows the sounds that male crickets make with
their wings. The flies deposit their larvae in the crickets’ bodies. As the larvae
develop and emerge from the crickets’ bodies, the crickets die.Researchers have
discovered a genetic mutation in some crickets that changes their wing structure
and makes them silent. The crickets with silent wings are found among crickets
with normal wings when it is time to mate.According to evolution by natural
selection, which of the following will most likely occur in the cricket population,
based on the selection pressure from the flies?
A. Male crickets with silent wings will increase in frequency.
B. The frequency of the silent wing mutation will stay the same.
C. Male crickets with normal wings will learn to make new sounds.
D. A new mutation will create spikes on the crickets’ wings to keep the flies away.
8.
In humans, the appendix is small and is not needed for digestion. In rabbits,
the appendix is well developed and is used in the digestion of plant
fibers.Which of the following provides the best scientific explanation for
the presence of the appendix in both humans and rabbits?
A. Rabbits and humans live in environments with similar conditions.
B. Rabbits and humans are both eukaryotes with similar cell structures.
C. The appendix is evolving into a new type of organ in rabbits and humans.
D. The appendix is inherited from a common ancestor of rabbits and humans.
9.
Scientists have concluded that snakes evolved from an ancestor with legs.
Which of the following statements provides the best evidence for this
conclusion?
A. Most species of snakes live on land.
B. Snakes move extremely fast to catch their prey.
C. Snakes have a well-developed backbone and muscular system.
D. Some species of snakes have limb buds during their embryonic development.
10.
In a population of moths, wing color became darker over time. Which of the
following is the best evidence that the change in wing color was an
evolutionary change?
A. The size of the moth population changed.
B. The average length of the moths’ dark wings increased.
C. The number of eggs that females laid during each breeding season increased.
D.
The frequencies of the alleles for dark wing color in the moth population
changed.
ANSWER SHEET
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