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SEMESTER PSYCHOLOGY COURSE SUMMARY, FINAL EXAM REVIEW
UNIT: INTRODUCTION, PERSPECTIVES, CHAPTERS 1, 2
1.
Goals of psychology
definition of psychology
2. How to:
scientific method
Psychology as a social science
behavioral science
3. Types of studies:
field study
survey
naturalistic observation
interview case study
longitudinal vs. cross sectional studies
4. *PERSPECTIVES*: WHEEL! How to use in a case study
Biological
Cognitive
Sociocultural
Psychoanalytic
Behaviorist
Humanistic
5. *Experimental Method*: How to use in a case study
Hypothesis
Control Group
Independent variable
Experimental Group,
dependent variable
6. Ethics in Research? Famous Experiments:
John Watson and “Little Albert”
Stanley Milgram: “Learning” experiment ( “Shock” and obedience
to authority )
Phil Zimbardo: Stanford University Prison Experiment, Roles
UNIT: BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF BEHAVIOR, CHAPTER 3
1. Phineas Gage accident case-1848
2. Anatomy of Brain
Brain Hemispheres: Left, Right
Different Functions of Parts of the Brain
3. Brain Lobes: Frontal, Temporal, Parietal, Occipital and FUNCTIONS
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4. Major brain parts and functions?
5. Structure of the neuron:
DRAW/LABEL
dendrite, axon, synapse, myelin sheath
6. Pituatary glands, female/male hormones, and their effects
UNIT: INTELLIGENCE, CHAPTER 9
1. Definition of intelligence?
2 .Nature(Genetics) vs. Nurture( Environment)?
3. Alfred Binet & his IQ test,
equation ( IQ= 100 X MA(mental age)/CA( chronological age)
4. Stanford-Binet IQ test difference from Binet
5. RB Cattell:
crystallized intelligence
fluid intelligence
6. Ability vs. aptitude vs. achievement
7. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale: WAIS test
8. Robert Sternberg: Triarchic Theoryanalytical( componential)
creative(experiential)
practical(contextual)
9. Pros and Cons of different types of intelligence tests?
10. Howard Gardner: Multiple IntelligencesLinguistic
logical/math
bodily kinesthetic
spatial
musical
interpersonal, intrapersonal
11. Daniel Goleman: Emotional Intelligenceself-awareness, managing emotions, motivating oneself, empathy, handling
relationships
12 .Characteristics of gifted children
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13. Mental retardation: KNOW LEVELS CHART
causes
14. Savants
15. Creativity
UNIT: PERSONALITY, CHAPTERS 14, 15
1. Personality tests: Objective tests vs. Projective tests
Psychoanalytic approach:
2. Theories of Sigmund Freud:
parts of Unconscious
5 sexual stages
libido
3. Carl Jung:
Introvert vs. Extrovert
Collective Unconscious
4. Alfred Adler:
social urges
compensation
striving for superiority
inferiority complex
style of life
negative lifestyle
5. Erik Erikson: identity formation -8conflicts
Trust
Autonomy
Identity
Archtypes
Persona
Intimacy
Initiative
Industry
Generativity
Integrity
6. Body Type theory of William Sheldon:
Endomorph
Mesomorph
Ectomorph
7. Behaviorism:
Theories of John Watson( Little Albert study)
conditioning with animals by Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner
8. Social, Observational learning:
Theories of Albert Bandura ( Bobo Doll study)
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Humanistic Theory:
9. Abraham Maslow:
Hierarchy of motives-physiological, safety, belonging and love, esteem, selfactualization
Characteristics of self-actualization & transcendence
10. Carl Rogers: Conflict Ideal v. real self
positive regard, positive self-regard, conditions of worth, conditional positive selfregard, fully functioning, maladjusted
Trait Theory:
11. Gordon Allport:
Cardinal traits
central traits
secondary traits
12. Raymond Cattell: 16 Personality factors
13. Hans Eysenck: Introvert-extrovert, Emotionally unstable, emotionally stable
5 Factor Model ( “Big Five”)
UNIT: HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, CHAPTERS 10, 11
1. Heredity vs. Environment( Nature vs. Nurture)
2. Define
Maturation
Critical Periods
3. John Locke: What does ‘Blank Slate’ mean with development
4. Konrad Lorenz: Imprinting - when does it happen?
5. Harry Harlow: Monkey Experiments
Importance of social-emotional bonds, contact, attachment
6. Parenting styles:
Authoritarian
Permissive
authoritative
research conclusions
7. Stage Theories: Cognitive, Social, Moral, Physical
8. Jean Piaget: Cognitive Development StagesSensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete Operational
Formal Operational
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9. Piaget cognitive development concepts:
separation anxiety
egocentrism
conservation
animism,
object permanence
deductive vs. inductive logic
10. ‘Genie’ case study? Importance….http:\\www.feralchildren.com
11. Development Perspectives*
12. Erik Erikson- Social development stages
trust vs. mistrust, autonomy vs. shame and doubt, initiative vs. guilt,
industry vs. inferiority, identity vs. identity confusion, intimacy vs. isolation,
generativity vs. stagnation, integrity vs. despair
13. Temperament of babies, children genetic v. environmental
Shy
cautious
14. Gender vs. sex: chapter 13 only
Masculine
feminine
androgynous
15. Aging process
16. Stages of Adulthood – Randy Pausch
17.Lawrence Kohlberg: Moral DevelopmentPreconventional reasoning-punishment and obedience orientation
Conventional Reasoning-interpersonal norms, social system morality
Post-Conventional Reasoning-community rights vs. individual rights,
universal ethical principles
18 .Elizabeth Kubler Ross: Stages of Death and DyingDenial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance
UNIT: PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS, CHAPTER 17
1. Definition of a disorder, abnormal behavior?
2. Viewpoints on psychological disorders?
3. Disorders usually first diagnosed during childhood?
4. Diagnostic Statistical Manual 4th Edition (DSM-IV)
5. Major Diagnostic categories of disorders?
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6. Anxiety Disorders: General anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobic disorder,
obsessive
compulsive disorder, post-traumatic disorder
7. Somatoform disorders: hypochondriasis, conversion
8. Dissociative disorders: (multiple personality disorder)
9. Mood disorders: major depression, bipolar disorder, cyclotymic, dysthymic
10. Schizophrenia: disorganized, paranoid, catatonic, undifferentiated, residual
11. Personality Disorders: antisocial, narcissistic, borderline, schizoid, dependent,
avoidant
12. Substance abuse disorders
13. Delirium, dementia, amnesia
14. Impulse control disorders: kleptomania, pyromania, trichotillomania
15. Eating disorders
16. Sexual, gender disorders
UNIT: THERAPIES-CHAPTER 18
1. Types of Therapies:
2. Psychoanalytic, Psychodynamic:
Ex: Sigmund Freud, Psychoanalysis
3. Cognitive:
Ex: Albert Ellis, Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
4. Behavioral:
Ex: systematic desensitization, token economy, goal setting
5. Humanistic:
Ex: Rogers, Maslow
6. Types of Medications
Ex: Anti-depressants, anti-anxiety, mood stabilizers
UNIT: STATES OF CONSCIOUSNESS-CHAPTER 6
1. Definition of consciousness
2. Unconscious, subconscious, construct
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3. Circadian rhythm, biological clock, jet lag
4. Sleep cycle, stages, REM vs. NREM
5. Dreams: definition, purpose
6. Dream Theories:
Psychoanalytic
problem-focused
mental housekeeping,
activation -synthesis
7. Sleep disorders: insomnia, narcolepsy, sleep apnea, SIDS, REM behavior disorder
8. Nightmares vs. night terrors
9. Effects of sleep deprivation?
10. Hypnosis: Definition, ability, susceptibility, changes, controversy
11. Meditation: Definition, types, effects
12. Drug Induced Consciousness:
Types of drugs-stimulants, depressants,
hallucinogens, opiates
13. Effects of drugs?
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