Topic
_____________________________
What is the definition of a
Bacteria are __________________ Organisms
bacterial cell?

Pro: _______________ or ________________

Karyon: ____________ or
________________

They are ____________-celled organisms

Has _____________ DNA; often has
_____________ DNA that helps code for
genes to __________ _____________
(e.g., _______________ _____________)
What is the definition of a
A virus is a __________________, ______________,
virus?
______________ entity composed of a
_________ _________ core surrounded by a
______________ coat.

Below the resolution of a
_______________

Relies on a ____________

Does not have the properties of cellular
________
What are the differences
in size between bacteria
and viruses?
Bacteria can be measured in
________________
Viruses are measured in _____________________
Comparing and Contrasting Bacteria and Viruses:
Draw a Venn Diagram Below, Comparing and Contrasting Bacteria and
Viruses
Label the following image, as you take notes from the PowerPoint:
What are the two
1. ___________________: Cell walls with
domains or groups of
bacteria?
______________________ (made up of types
of
_____________ and __________ bonds)
2. ______________________: Cell walls _________
peptidoglycan. Adapted to ______________
environments (extremely _______ and cold,
____________, without ____________, etc.)
What are the basic

_______-shaped (Bacilli)
shapes of bacteria?
o Bacillis anthracis ( _________________)
o Yersinia pestis (____________ ________)

_________-shaped (Vibrios)
o e.g., ____________ ______________

Spherical (_______________)
o ___________________, Staphylococcus

Spiral (_________________)
o Treponema pallidum
(______________)
Bacterial Staining:
What is Gram-positive?
Gram positive:

Retains the ____________ of
_____________ dye in the
__________________ layer.

Infections of this kind can be treated by
________________, such as _____________
Bacterial Staining:
What is Gram-negative?
Gram-negative:

Will _______ pick up the violet dye

Infection of this type must be treated
by a ___________ spectrum
_______________ such as ciprofloxacin
What are the different

DNA replicates and _____________
strategies for bacterial
divides
growth and
reproduction?
__________ Fission: _____________ division

_________________: “Sexual”
reproduction; Sex __________ extends
between bacteria and ___________
DNA is _________________ from one
bacterium to another

_____________ Formation: Occurs when
growth conditions are ________________;
an _______________ is a “spore” with a
thick internal wall of membrane that
encloses and _________________________
What are the types of viral
1. _______________ infection
infections?
2. __________________ infection
What are the steps to a
lytic infection?
1. _______________of virus to _________ cell
2. _______________ of viral __ __ __ into cell
3. _______________ of viral __ __ __ and
synthesis of _____________ capsule using
cellular “_____________”(__ __ __, __ __ __,
polymerases, ________________, etc.)
4. ________________ of new viruses inside
__________ cell
5. New viruses “_________” the host cell and
are _____________ for further infection
What are the
characteristics of lytic
infections?
What are the steps to a
lysogenic infection?
1. __________-acting
2. Symptoms emerge within ____ - ____ hours
3. Examples: _____________, _______-_______
1. Virus attaches and __________ its __ __ __
inside host
2. Viral __ __ __ attaches to the host __ __ __
(____________)
3. The viral DNA lies “____________” and only
replicates each time the cell _____________
4. ______________ or other “factors” cause the
infection to progress to the “_________”
phase
What are the
characteristics of a
lysogenic infection?
1. __________ - acting: Viral DNA can lie
“__________” for many years as ___________
2. The hosts are “symptom-free” during
______________
3. Infection is __________-acting when the
infection progresses to the “___________”
phase.
4. Example: _________, _________________
Before you continue to the “Body’s Defenses,” reflect on the flowchart
you created while watching Holly Jones Gets the Flu. Recreate that
flowchart in the space provided below, starting with non-specific defense
(like skin) and ending up with antibodies and memory cells.
SKIN
Your Body’s Defense
Nonspecific Defense
Mechanisms
1. First Line of Defense

___________

______________ Membranes

Secretions of _______ and ____________
Membranes
2. Second Line of Defense
Specific Defense
Mechanisms
What is the first-line
respiratory defense

__________________ White blood cells

__________________ proteins

The _________________ response
3. Third Line of Defense (involves the
____________ system)

____________________

___________________
1. ___________ producing cells trap
____________ before entering the _________
2. ___________ expel trapped microbes and
mucus into the __________ (windpipe)
What proteins are
involved in the second-
Anti-microbial proteins: __________________

Digest the cell __________ of many
_______________
line of defense

Found in ________, _________ and
____________ secretions
The Second Line of Defense: ______________________ Response
Label the following image according to the PowerPoint
The Third Line of Defense: The __________________ System
Label the following image according to the PowerPoint
What are the specific
White Blood Cells (_________________):
players in the second line
1. ________________
of defense?
2. Neutrophils
3. ______________
4. _______________
5. _________________: Develop __ and __ Cells
Collectively, all of their functions are to
___________ __________________
What are the steps to the
differentiation of B and T
Cells?
1. A __________ cell is produced in the
_________ __________ or in the fetal ________
2. That stem cell ________________ to become
a ___________________ stem cell.
3. It can become a ___ cell, or
4. Go to the _____________ to become a ____
cell.
5. Both B and T cells will go to the
__________________ tissue (__________
nodes, ____________, blood and lymph) to
await their role in your ______________
response.