HONORS BIOLOGY
FIRST SEMESTER EXAM REVIEW
NAME___________________________
Chapter 1:
1. KNOW THE DEFINITIONS OF THE FOLLOWING TERMS::
biology
scientific method
hypothesis
prediction
bias
data
theory
control
independent variable
dependent variable
standardized variables
SI units
2. GIVE THE PROPERTIES THAT ARE CHARACTERISTIC OF ALL LIFE FORMS.
3. KNOW THE DEFINITIONS OF THE FOLLOWING TERMS:
cell
reproduction
metabolism
homeostasis
evolution
species
natural selection
ecology
.
CHAPTER 2:
1. KNOW THE DEFINITIONS OF THE FOLLOWING TERMS:
atom
molecule
elements
compounds
matter
heterogeneous
homogeneous
mixtures
suspensions
solutions
colloidal suspensions
Tyndall effect
nucleus of an atom
proton
neutron
electron
orbital
energy level
electron cloud
“s” orbital
“p” orbital
"d" and "f" orbitals
symbol
molecular formula
structural formula
atomic number
mass number
average atomic mass
periodic table
isotopes
ions
positive ion
negative ion
ionic compound
ionic bond
covalent bond
hydrogen bond
chemical reaction
chemical equation
reactants
products
solute
solvent
acid
base
neutral
pH
indicator
law of conservation of mass
buffer
pH scale
stable atom
polar molecule
nonpolar molecule
2. Be able to draw neutral atoms.
3. Be able to draw isotopes.
4. Be able to draw ions.
5. Be able to state what an atom must do to become stable.
6. Be able to draw ionic bonding.
7. Be able to draw covalent bonding.
8. Be able to write the formulas for molecules.
9. Be able to balance equations.
10. Be able to state how many atoms are in a molecule.
11. Be able to identify elements and their symbols.
12. Be able to state the diatomic elements.
13. Be able to give the characteristics of acids and bases.
14. Be able to recognize the formulas and names of acids and bases.
15. Be able to explain what adding acids and bases does to living material, and
what a buffer is.
16. Be able to give the diagonal rule and use it to write the electron configuration of any atom or ion.
17. Be able to list and describe the properties of water, especially in relation to
hydrogen bonding.
18. REVIEW THE OBJECTIVES FOR ORGANIC CHEMISTRY.
19. DISCUSS THE PROCEDURES AND OUTCOMES OF THE "NUTRIENT
MOLECULES" LAB:
A.. Know how the following chemical tests indicate nutrients:
BENEDICT’S SOLUTION: SIMPLE CARBOHYDRATES
BENEDICT’S SOLUTION: PROTEINS
IODINE: STARCH
BROWN PAPER: LIPIDS
B. Describe the sources of error that occurred in this lab, and the limitations of the lab.
20. DISCUSS THE LAB ON ENZYMES:
A. Identify the following components of this lab:
INORGANIC CATALYST ORGANIC CATALYST SUBSTRATE CONTROLS -
B. Describe how the following conditions affected the working of the enzyme:
HIGH TEMPERATURES -
COLD TEMPERATURES -
SMALLER PARTICLE SIZE -
CONCENTRATION -
pH -
C. Describe how it would be possible to show that enzymes are reusable.
CHAPTER 3:
1. BE ABLE TO DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TERMS:
magnification
resolution(resolving power)
light microscope
electron microscope
compound light microscope
depth of focus( depth of field)
simple microscope
field of vision
parfocal
2. BE ABLE TO LABEL THE PARTS OF THE MICROSCOPE ON A DIAGRAM.
3. KNOW THE FUNCTION OF EACH PART OF THE MICROSCOPE.
4. EXPLAIN HOW TO MAKE A WET MOUNT SLIDE.
5. EXPLAIN HOW TO FOCUS A MICROSCOPE ON LOW AND HIGH POWER.
6. GIVE THE PROPER PROCUDURES FOR THE CARE OF THE MICROSCOPE.
7. EXPLAIN HOW TO CALCULATE TOTAL MAGNIFICATION OF EACH LENS ON
OUR MICROSCOPES(or any microscope.)
8. EXPLAIN HOW TO DETERMINE THE DIAMETER OF THE HIGH POWER FIELD OF
VISION.
9. EXPLAIN HOW TO ESTIMATE THE SIZE OF A CELL VIEWED UNDER THE
MICROSCOPE.
10. DESCRIBE THE THREE CHANGES THAT A COMPOUND LIGHT MICROSCOPE
MAKES IN THE IMAGE OF A SPECIMEN.
11. GIVE THE THREE STATEMENTS OF THE CELL THEORY.
12. EXPLAIN WHY CELLS MUST BE RELATIVELY SMALL.
13. GIVE THE CHARACTERISTICS AND DIFFERENCES OF PROKARYOTIC AND
EUKARYOTIC CELLS.
14. GIVE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS.
15. DESCRIBE THE STRUCTURE OF THE CELL MEMBRANE.
16. GIVE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE FOLLOWING CELL ORGANELLES OR PARTS:
cell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosomes
cytoskeleton
cell wall
flagella
cilia
actin fibers
microtubules
intermediate fibers
nucleus
nucleolus
endoplasmic reticulum(smooth and rough)
vesicle
Golgi apparatus
lysosome
mitochondria
chloroplasts
central vacuole
CHAPTER 4:
1. BE ABLE TO DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TERMS:
passive transport
active transport
diffusion
concentration gradient
equilibrium
osmosis
hypertonic solution
hypotonic solution
isotonic solution
ion channel
carrier proteins
facilitated diffusion
sodium - potassium pump
endocytosis
exocytosis
phagocytosis
pinocytosis
receptor protein
second messenger
2. IDENTIFY THREE WAYS THAT RECEPTOR PROTEINS CAN CHANGE
THE ACTIVITY OF A CELL.