Chapter 15 Personality
Study Guide
Psychoanalytic Perspective:
 Sigmund Freud
 Id
 Ego
 Superego
 Defense Mechanisms
o Repression
o Regression
o Reaction Formation
o Displacement
o Projection
o Sublimation
o Rationalization
 Psychosexual Stages of Development
o Oral
o Anal
o Phallic
o Latency
o Genital
 Fixation
 Oedipus Complex
 Free Association
 Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
 Rorschach Inkblots
 Alfred Adler
 Inferiority Complex
 Organic Source of Inferiority
 Superiority Complex
 Style of Life (Avoidance)
 Social Interest
 Carl Jung
 Collective Unconscious
Humanistic Perspective:
 Abraham Maslow
 Hierarchy of Needs
o Self-actualization
o Esteem
o Love
o Safety
o Physiological
 Carl Rogers
 Self-concept
 Real Self
 Ideal Self
 Person-centered Therapy
 Unconditional Positive Regard
 Self-serving bias
 Self-esteem
Student Name
Trait Perspective:
 Traits
 Personality Inventories
 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality
Inventory (MMPI)
 The Big Five
 Myers-Briggs Personality Inventory
Social-Cognitive Perspective:
 Reciprocal Determinism
 Personal Control
 Internal Locus of Control
 External Locus of Control
 Learned Helplessness
 Positive Psychology
40 Studies:
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You’re Getting Defensive Again!
Learning To Be Depressed
Projections of Who you Are
Picture This!
Cumulative:
Study old tests!!
Neuroscience Study Guide
Parts, Life, and Death of the Neuron
1. dendrite
2. axon
3. axon terminals
4. myelin sheath
5. sodium and potassium
6. synapse
7. sensory, motor, and interneurons
8. selectively permeable membrane
9. action potential
10. repolarization
11. absolute refractory period
12. reuptake inhibitors
13. differentiation
14. stem cells
15. migration
16. death of neurons
Neurotransmitters and Brain Watching
Tools
1. acetylcholine
2. endorphins
3. dopamine
4. serotonin
5. norepinephrine
6. GABA
7. MRI
8. PET
9. CAT
10. EEG
Nervous System
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
somatic
autonomic
peripheral
sympathetic
parasympathetic
central nervous system
Parts of the Brain
1. Brain Stem
2. Limbic System
3. medulla
4. pons
5. cerebellum
6. hippocampus
7. amygdala
8. reticular formation
9. spinal cord
10. thalamus
11. hypothalamus
12. pituitary gland
13. Broca’s area/aphasia
14. Wernicke’s Area/aphasia
15. frontal lobe
16. temporal lobe
17. occipital lobe
18. parietal lobe
1. Phrenology
2. Gall
Previous Quiz Material
1. 7 Perspectives and psychologists
most associated with those
perspectives
2. correlation
3. hindsight bias
4. types of psychologists
5. ethics
6. bell curve
7. standard deviation
8. overconfidence
9. confirmation bias
10. experiments
11. case study
12. survey
13. naturalistic observation
14. random sample
40 Studies:
One Brain or Two
More Experience=Bigger Brain
Chapters 3, 4, and 10 Study
Guide
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Habituation
Twins/Twin Studies
Fluid Intelligence
Crystallized Intelligence
Attachment (Harlow and
Ainsworth)
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial
Development
o Trust vs. Mistrust
o Autonomy vs. Shame and
Doubt
o Initiative vs. Guilt
o Competency vs.
Inferiority
o Identity vs. Role
Confusion
o Intimacy vs. Isolation
o Generativity vs.
Stagnation
o Integrity vs. Despair
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive
Development
o Sensorimotor
o Preoperational
o Concrete Operational
o Formal Operational
Egocentrism
Object Permanence
Conservation
Kohlberg’s Stages of Morality
o Pre-conventional
o Conventional
o Post-conventional
Imprinting
Critical Periods (definition and
examples)
Schema
Accommodation
Assimilation
Modeling
Social Learning Theory
Gender Schema Theory
Gender Role
Gender Norm
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Gender Identity
Norms
Memes
Nature vs. Nurture
Mill
Kant
Visual cliff
Genie and Feral Children
Overconfidence
Belief Bias
Belief Perseverance
Confirmation Bias
Concept
Prototype
Algorithm
Heuristic
Insight
Fixation
Mental Set
Functional Fixedness
Representative Heuristic
Availability Heuristic
Framing
Artificial Intelligence
Language Development (stages,
language in animals, theoriesSkinner, Chomsky, etc.)
Phoneme
Morpheme
Grammar
Semantics
Syntax
Linguistic Relativity (Whorf)
Overgeneralization of Language
Ch. 5, 6, & 8 Study Guide
Fall 2009
Chapter 5 Sensation:
 Sensation
 Absolute Threshold
 Difference Threshold
 Just Noticeable Difference (JND)
 Weber’s Law
 Transduction
 Top-down Processing
 Bottom-up Processing
 Subliminal
 Psychophysics
 Signal-detection Theory
 Sensory Adaptation
 Opponent Process Theory
 Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic
Theory
 Conduction Hearing Loss
 Sensorineural Hearing Loss
 Gate-control Theory
 Parallel Processing
 Functions of Eye
o
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pupil
retina
lens
optic disc
optic nerve
iris
cornea
fovea
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Functions of Ear
o
o
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o
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cochlea
auditory nerve
ear canal
hammer
anvil
ear drum
stirrup
ossicles
vestibular sacs
pina
outer, middle, inner
Chapter 6 Perception:
 Perception
 Selective Attention
 Visual Capture
 Gestalt
 Figure-Ground
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Grouping
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
proximity
similarity
closure
continuity
connectedness
Depth Perception
Visual Cliff
Binocular Cues
Retinal Disparity
Convergence
Monocular Cues
1) interposition
2) light and shadow
3) texture gradient
4) relative height
5) relative motion
(motion parallax)
6) relative size
7) relative clarity
8) linear perspective
Inattentional Blindness
Phi Phenomenon
Perceptual Constancy
Perceptual Adaptation
Perceptual Set
Human Factors Psychology
Extrasensory Perception
1) telepathy
2) precognition
3) retrocognition
4) clairvoyance
Parapsychology
Perceptual Illusion
1) Müller-Lyer
2) Ambiguous Figure
3) Ponzo Illusion
Ch. 8 Learning:
 Learning
 Classical Conditioning
o UCS
o UCR
o Neutral Stimulus
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o CS
o CR
Respondent Conditioning
Acquisition
Generalization
Discrimination
Extinction
Spontaneous Recovery
Operant Conditioning
Shaping/successive
approximations
Reinforcement
o Primary
o Secondary
o Positive
o Negative
o Continuous
o Partial Schedules
 Fixed Ratio
 Variable Ratio
 Fixed Interval
 Variable Interval
Punishment (negative
outcomes?)
o Positive
o Negative
Law of Effect
Observational Learning
Modeling
Prosocial/Antisocial Behavior
Mirror Neurons
Cognitive Maps
Latent Learning
Intrinsic/Extrinsic Motivation
Pavlov
Skinner
Watson/Behaviorism
Bandura
Thorndike
Token Economy
Overjustification Effect
40 Studies that Changed Psychology:
 Watch Out for the Visual Cliff!
 What You See is What You’ve
Learned
 It’s Not Just About Salivating
Dogs!
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Little Emotional Albert
Knock Wood!
See Aggression…Do Aggression!
Maps In Your Mind