American History I: Quick Review
Unit 5- Jackson and Sectionalism
1.
What city replaced NY as an important port due to the National Road? Baltimore, Maryland
2.
Who proposed the American System? Henry Clay
3-5.
What are the three parts of the American System? National bank, tariffs are good, and internal
improvements
6.
Explain the economic and political significance of the Erie Canal. Economic- helped with trade and travel of
goods
7.
What part of the country was upset at the passage of the Tariff of 1828? Why? South- hurt their trade with
Britian
8.
What were the results of the Nat Turner Rebellion? Slave revolt held by Nat Turner. Successful at first but
then he was put down. Nat Turner survived the rebellion. He and other slaves rebelled against farmers and their
owners for the way they were being treated
9.
ID McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819 Federal law over State law – National bank is constitutional
10.
ID Gibbons v. Ogden, 1824 Federal Supremacy, dealing with interstate commerce
11.
Explain the Monroe Doctrine, 1823 Foreign Policy- how we act towards other countries. The doctrine of
1823 stated that we would stay out of European affairs and they would stay out of ours.
12.
Explain the Compromise of 1820 (Missouri Compromise). 36/30 parellel line. Maine entered as a free
state/Missouri entered as a slave state. This line made any new state ABOVE the line was a free state and any state
BELOW the line was a slave state. This would help to keep the senate votes equal
13.
Why would the south be upset with this compromise? This is freeing some of the states and making them
free states
14.
What was the basis of the northern economy? Southern economy? Western economy? N- Industry and
Factories/ Southern- Agriculture
15.
What aided the north in beginning their industrial revolution? Internal Improvements in the North and
Immigration
16.
Who invented the cotton gin? Eli Whitney
17.
How will this invention affect the south and slavery? Increase the demand for slavery
18.
How will this invention affect Native Americans? Native Americans will keep getting pushed off of their
lands until the Trail of Tears (this will be because of the dominance in land for agricultural purposes)
19.
Why was Baltimore able to replace NY as a major port? Because of the Internal Improvements (Erie Canal,
Railroad, National Roads, Steamboat, etc)
20.
Who wrote the SC Exposition and Protest and for what reason? John C. Calhoun, he wrote this because of
the tariff of 1828 (Abominations)
21.
Who was the Great Compromiser? Henry Clay
22.
Did the Missouri Compromise get rid of slavery? This was the start, the Missouri Compromise was a
temporary fix for equalizing slave states vs. free states for equal votes in the senate. This compromise also eased
tension over slavery for the time being.
23.
Explain the corrupt bargain of 1824. Be specific!!!!!!!!!!! Adams nor Jackson won the electoral vote; Henry
Clay who was Speaker of the House threw his vote for Adams over Jackson. This was seen as a corrupt bargain
because Adams made Clay his Secretary of State.
24.
Why was the Tariff of Abominations hated by the south? Meant to destroy trade between the south and
Britain. This ran up prices to (tax on imports)
25.
Who supported the tariff and why? Henry Clay-Andrew Jackson, Northerns
26.
ID Jackson’s “kitchen cabinet”. A group of his close friends that were not “true” politicans. They would
enter the white house through the kitchen.
27.
ID the spoils system. The act of appointing friends to government positions.
28.
29.
Who was the first president elected by the Democratic Party? Andrew Jackson, Donkey
What issue did the Democrats avoid on their platforms? Slavery
30.
What issue allowed Jackson to win the 1832 election over Clay?
31.
ID Doctrine of Nullification. States could nullify or disregard laws that were passed by Congress but were
unconsitutional
32.
Who presented it? Why was this presented? John C. Calhoun/ Tariff of 1828
33.
Did the American System allow for more or less expansion? More- mainly because of the internal
improvements
34.
ID 1830 Indian Removal Act- Forceibly removing Indians from GA and surrounding areas and sending them
west of Oklahoma. **Force bill
35.
ID Sequoyah
36.
ID Worcester v. Georgia, 1832; How did Jackson respond? Supreme Court stated that Georgia had to protect
the Indian Lands
37.
ID Trail of Tears- After Congress allowed Jackson to use the Force Bill he forcefully made the Indians walk
and leave their lands. 16,000 left and 4,000 died during the trail
38.
Did Jackson support the Bank of the US? NO! He set out to destroy the National Bank by taking Federal
money and putting it into the State banks, these were called “Pet Banks”
39.
What actions did he take towards the bank and what were the results? See above
40.
Why were the Whigs formed? In response to Jackson and his democratic policies
41.
Did John C. Calhoun favor federal or states’ rights? States rights
42.
True or False: The tariff issue caused more sectionalism. True
43.
How did Jackson affect the executive branch (weaker or stronger)?
44.
Did the Indian Removal Act result in more or less land for white settlers? More land
45.
Who was the first Whig President? William Henry Harrison
46.
What two campaign slogans were used by William H. Harrison when he ran for President?
47.
Who became President after Jackson? William Henry Harrison
48.
Why were so many more people able to vote during Jackson’s elections?
49.
What was the key issue of the Hayne-Webster debate?
50.
How did Daniel Webster promote nationalism? Henry Clay? Andrew Jackson?
51.
What treaty gave us Florida? From whom? Adams-Onis Treaty- From Spain
52.
What was the “peculiar institution”? OMIT
53.
What did the Democrat platform say about slavery? Avoid slavery
54.
What caused the panic of 1819?
55.
What caused the Panic of 1837? What were its political consequences?