Chemistry I
Chapter 13 – Solutions
Test review
TEST: Wednesday, April 4, 2007
Planned format:
 All multiple choice
o Part I; 2 points each (12)
o Part II; 4 points each (12)
 Bonus problem, solve for the molar mass of a compound (See problems 121-122 in the text.)
 Bonus problem, converting from molarity to molality, or vice-versa
Topics for MC:
 Solutions
o What can be said of the attractive forces between the solute and solvent (See Fig. 13.1)
o Terms: Solute, Solvent
o Solution, homogeneous mixture
 Different types
 Gas, gas (air)
 Gas, liquid (pop)
 Liquid, liquid (diluted antifreeze)
 Solid, solid (brass – penny lab)
 Etc.
o Electrolyte solutions – those that will form ions in solution and therefore conduct current
 Solubility
o What types of solutes dissolve well in water?
o What does “like dissolves like” refer to?
o Solubility of solids in water
 As temperature increases the solubility of solids …
 Predict if a solution is unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated, based on available data ( a
chart (page 434) or provided information or description of the solution)
 Concentration of ions in solution
o Solubility of gases in water
 As temperature increases the solubility of gases in water…
 As pressure increases the solubility of gases in water…
 Concentration units
o Calculate the mass percent of a solution
o Use mass percent to determine how much of a solute is needed.
o Calculate the molarity of a solution given the mass of solute and volume of solution.
o Calculate volume of solution of given molarity that can be made from a given amount of solute.
o Calculate and describe the preparation of a specific molarity solution.
o Use molarity or molality to determine how much of a solute is needed.
o Calculate the molality given the mass of solute and volume of water (density of 1.00 g/mL).
o Given a balanced chemical equation, calculate the grams of product produced from …
o Given a balanced chemical equation, calculate the volume of reactant needed …
 Dilution
o Calculate the final molarity of a solution that has been diluted from a more concentrated solution.
o Calculate the volume of concentrated solution need to make a more dilute solution.

Colligative properties
o Depends on what? – The number of particles in solution…
o Affects what properties
 Vapor pressure lowering
 Freezing point (FP) depression, equation given; calculate the freezing point
 Boiling point (BP) elevation, equation given; calculate the boiling point
 Osmotic pressure (OP), equation given; calculate the osmotic pressure
 Being able to describe the flow that occurs in an osmosis situation.
o Van’t Hoff factor
 Bea able to figure it out
 Be able to use it as part to predict FP, BP, OP calculations.
Information given on the test:
All of the molar masses needed for this test will be given in order to save
you time and some possible mistakes in calculating these values.
Equations
Tf = i∙m∙Kf
Tb = i∙m∙Kb
 = i∙M∙R∙T
M1V1 = M2V2