1. To start off, which phase of both mitosis and meiosis includes DNA replication from 2n to 4n? (n is
the normal DNA content in a haploid [gamete] cell, 2n in a diploid body/somatic cell.)
Interphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
2. Which phase results in a change of ploidy from diploid (2n) to haploid (n)?
Anaphase 1 (Meiosis)
Telophase 2 (Mitosis)
Interphase
Prophase 2 (Meiosis)
3. During which stage can crossing over occur?
Telophase (either 1 or 2 during meiosis)
Metaphase (mitosis)
Gap 2 Phase (either mitosis or meiosis)
Prophase 1 (meiosis)
4. Which of these options occurs during telophase (1 and 2 during meiosis, and during mitosis)?
Nuclear membrane reforms around nuclei.
Chromosomes attach to spindle.
Chromosomes replicate.
Crossing over occurs between sister chromatids.
5. If one crossing over event occurs between homologues, how many genetically different meiotic
products (i.e. how many different genotypes present in the gametes) are produced?
1
8
2
4
1. Interphase
DNA has replicated, but has not formed the
condensed structure of chromosome. They
remain as loosely coiled chromatin.
The nuclear membrane is still intact to
protect the DNA molecules from undergoing
mutation.
2. Prophase
The DNA molecules progressively shorten
and condense by coiling, to form
chromosomes. The nuclear membrane and
nucleolus are no longer visible.
The spindle apparatus has migrate to
opposite poles of the cell..
3. Metaphase
The spindle fibres attach themselves to the
centromeres of the chromosomes and align
the chromosomes at the equatorial plate.
4. Anaphase
The spindle fibres shorten and the
centromere splits, separated sister
chromatids are pulled along behind the
centromeres.
5. Telophase
The chromosomes reach the poles of their
respective spindles. Nuclear envelope reform
before the chromosomes uncoil. The spindle
fibres disintegrate.
Comparison chart
Meiosis
Mitosis
Definition:
A type of cellular reproduction in which the
number of chromosomes are reduced by
half through the separation of homologous
chromosomes in a diploid cell.
A process of asexual reproduction in
which the cell divides in two producing a
replica, with an equal number of
chromosomes in haploid cell
Function:
sexual reproduction
Cellular Reproduction & general growth
and repair of the body
Type of
Reproduction:
Sexual
Asexual
Genetically:
different
identical
Crossing Over:
Yes, mixing of chromosomes can occur.
No, crossing over cannot occur.
Pairing of
Homologues:
Yes
No
Number of Divisions:
2
1
Number of Haploid
Daughter Cells
produced:
4
2
Chromosome
Number:
Reduced by half
Remains the same
Steps:
The steps of meiosis are Interphase,
Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I,
Telophase I, Prophase II, Metaphase II,
Anaphase II and Telophase II.
The steps of mitosis are Interphase,
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase,
Telophase
Cytokenesis:
Occurs after Telophase I & Telohpase II
Occurs after Telophase
Centromeres Split:
The centromeres do not separate during
anaphase I, but during anaphase II
The centromeres split during Anaphase
Creates:
Sex cells only: Female egg cells or Male
sperm cells
Makes everything other than sex cells i.e.
growth and repair