BIO 137
Human Anatomy & Physiology I – Laboratory
LAB EXERCISE I: ORGANS, SYSTEMS, AND ORGANIZATION OF THE BODY
(Pages 1 – 11 in your lab manual)
1. Organ Systems (pages 1 – 3)
Know each major organ system and the listed organs in each system. Be able to identify
the organs on the lab models and/or diagrams.
Integumentary System
Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis
Skeletal System
Bone
Cartilage
Muscular System
Muscles
Hair
Sebaceous gland
Sweat gland
Ligament
Tendons
Nervous System
Brain
Spinal Cord
Nerves
Endocrine System
Pineal gland
Pituitary gland
Thyroid
Thymus
Parathyroid glands
Pancreas
Adrenal gland
Ovary
Testes
Cardiovascular System
Heart
Aorta
Arteries
Veins
Lymphatic System
Lymph nodes
Lymph vessels
Spleen
Thymus gland
Respiratory System
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Lung
Digestive System
Teeth
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine (ascending, transverse, and descending)
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Urinary System
Kidney
Ureter
Urinary bladder
Urethra
Male Reproductive System
Testes
Epididymis
Scrotum
Seminal vesicle
Penis
Vas deferens
Prostate gland
Female Reproductive System
Uterus
Fallopian tubes
Ovary
Vagina
2. Anatomic Position (page 3)
Describe the anatomic position.
3. Directional Terms (pages 3 – 4 and Table 1.1)
Know the following directional terms:
Superior/Inferior
Dorsal/Ventral
Anterior/Posterior
Proximal/Distal
Medial/Lateral
Superficial/Deep
Cranial/Caudal
Ipsilateral/Contralateral (not in lab manual – lab
instructor will explain)
Be able to use these terms when comparing two body parts. For example, the heart is
superior to the stomach. The stomach is inferior to the heart.
4. Planes of Sectioning (pages 4 – 5)
Know these planes of the body:
Frontal (Coronal) Plane
Sagittal Plane
Midsagittal (Median) Plane
Parasagittal Plane
Transverse (Horizontal) Plane (Cross-section)
If shown a section of the body, organ, or picture on a diagram, you should be able to
identify along which plane the section was made.
5. Major Body Cavities (pages 5 – 6)
Know the major body cavities and the divisions of each. Also, know which organs lie
in each body cavity. Be able to identify the body cavities on a diagram or torso model.
Dorsal Cavity
Cranial Cavity
Vertebral Cavity
Ventral Cavity
Thoracic Cavity
Pleural Cavity
Pericardial Cavity
Abdominal Cavity
Pelvic Cavity
6. Regions of the Body (Surface Terminology) (pages 6 – 7)
Locate all of the anterior and posterior surface region landmarks that are listed in your
lab manual. Be able to locate these landmarks on the baby doll in lab.
Cephalic/Cranial (head)
Frontal (forehead)
Orbital (eye)
Nasal (nose)
Buccal (cheek)
Oral (mouth)
Mental (chin)
Cervical (neck)
Nuchal (back of neck)
Trunk
Thoracic (chest)
Pectoral (chest muscle)
Sternal (breastbone)
Clavicular (collarbone)
Acromial (shoulder)
Abdominal (belly)
Umbilical (belly button)
Inguinal (groin)
Pubic (genital)
Coxal (hip)
Scapular (shoulder blade)
Vertebral (spine)
Lumbar (small of back)
Sacral (sacrum)
Gluteal (buttock)
Upper extremity (arm and hand)
Axillary (armpit)
Brachial (upper arm)
Cubital (elbow)
Antebrachial (forearm)
Carpal (wrist)
Manual (hand)
Dorsum (back of hand)
Digital (fingers)
Lower extremity (leg and foot)
Femoral (thigh)
Patellar (kneecap)
Popliteal (back of knee)
Crural (leg)
Tarsal (ankle)
Pedal (foot)
Digital (toes)
Calcaneal (heel)
7. Abdominal Regions (pages 7 – 8)
Identify the four abdominopelvic quadrants and the nine abdominopelvic regions on a
diagram and torso. Be able to identify both right and left sides.
Quadrants:
Right Upper
Left Upper
Abdominopelvic Regions:
Right Hypochondriac
Left Hypochondriac
Right Lumbar
Left Lumbar
Epigastric
Right Lower
Left Lower
Umbilical
Right Iliac
Left Iliac
Hypogastric