TECHNOTE: Best Practices for Implementing Self-maintenance on Radia Management Clients, Version 4.0 Document ID: KB01376 Date Created: 11/19/2004 Last Revised: 12/07/2004 Introduction This document describes the best practices for implementing and using self-maintenance on version 4.0 Radia Management Clients (herein, Radia Clients). Client selfmaintenance is the updating of the binary files (.EXE, .DLL, .SYS) that are used by the Radia Clients. These updates are periodically provided by Hewlett-Packard either as part of routine maintenance, or in response to a critical customer-reported problem. The Radia Clients are: Radia Application Manager (RAM) Radia Inventory Manager (RIM) Radia OS Manager (ROM) Radia Patch Manager (RPM) Radia Software Manager (RSM) Version 4.0 introduced significant changes in the way self-maintenance is performed. The information in this document applies only to version 4.0 Radia Clients connecting to a version 4.0 Radia Database. Note Information about performing self-maintenance on Radia Clients, version 3.x can be found in KB01210, MAINTENANCE: Radia Client Self-Maintenance – version 3.0. Requirements & Prerequisites Product Versions Radia Application Manager, Radia Inventory Manager, Radia OS Manager, Radia Patch Manager, Radia Software Manager, 4.0 and greater Platforms AIX, HP-UX, Macintosh, Linux, Solaris, and Windows Components & Processes Components Radia Application Manager, Radia Inventory Manager, Radia OS Manager, Radia Patch Manager, Radia Software Manager Processes Self-maintenance, deployment, reporting New Self-maintenance Features in Version 4.0 A number of features have been added in version 4.0 to improve self-maintenance. The following list provides a high-level overview: PRDMAINT Domain The Radia Database includes a new Domain, PRDMAINT, for use with version 4.x client maintenance. Version 3.x clients will continue to still use the NOVADIGM domain. Both domains can co-exist in a Radia Database, thereby allowing existing 3.x clients and new 4.x clients to use the same database. Resource Arbitration All maintenance files in a package will first be compared to the files in IDMSYS (C:\Program Files\Novadigm on Windows platforms) to determine if they should be downloaded, as opposed to previous versions of Radia Clients which unconditionally downloaded all of the files to a staging directory and then did a comparison. This new method will eliminate unnecessary file transfers and reduce bandwidth usage. Resource Verification Resources that are downloaded to the staging folder will verify the internal release information against additional release attributes in the metadata. Only the files that fall under the same release category (such as 4.0) will be eligible for activation into IDMSYS. In addition, the normal resource-verification flag (ZRSCVRFY) is now honored. The default is U, update only if newer. These changes prevent files from being back-leveled in the event maintenance packages are incorrectly configured. Support for Multiple Services Client self-maintenance is no longer limited to one ZSERVICE Instance for all clients and platforms. Maintenance services are now included in the catalog (ASERVICE), so it is possible to use more than one service instance. Piloting Support for multiple service instances in the catalog (ASERVICE) allows for piloting. Piloting new maintenance packages to a small group was not possible with previous versions because new maintenance packages had to be connected to a single client self-maintenance service, which meant that all production clients would simultaneously receive any updates made to this service. Another technique for piloting is the use of a stop expression on the maintenance package. All maintenance packages are shipped in a disabled state—setting the stop expression, ZSTOP000, to 1—in order to prevent immediate deployment. This stop expression can be updated to check resolution- and policy-object variables in order to facilitate deployment to a specific user community (WORKGRP and POLICY are recommended). Immediate or Deferred Activation Maintenance packages can now be staged on the target machines and activated immediately, or deferred. Immediate activation places the maintenance files in the live location prior to processing the normal application catalog, making them available before normal application-processing occurs. During the deployment, activation can be optionally deferred and initiated another time by either a timer instance, notification from the Radia Management Portal (RMP), or changing the activation parameter using Client Operations Profiles (COP). This gives the administrator the flexibility to deploy maintenance packages ahead of time and, before committing the changes, verify that all clients received them. Backup and Restore Capabilities Installation of the version 4.0 client creates a backup directory with a copy of the core files that are necessary to perform a client connect. In the event that the client files in IDMSYS get corrupted, the core files located in the backup directory can be restored using upgrdmaint (upgrdmaint /restore). This repairs the client so it can then perform the verification and repair any missing or corrupted files. Administrators also have the ability to update this backup directory with later versions of the client. Reporting via the APPEVENT Object When maintenance files are activated into IDMSYS, an APPEVENT object is created and sent to the Radia Configuration Server (RCS) for reporting. The ZSVCNAME is set to UPGRDMAINT, and the ZUSERID is equal to the machine name. Maintenance is not Linked to First Refresh-Catalog Operation A new RADSKMAN parameter-and-value pair, MNT=Y, must be passed in order to start the self-maintenance process. This allows administrators to perform maintenance on a schedule other than the normal application processing. By default, MNT=N. Radia Client Fix Types Radia Client fixes are classified as one of the following: Hot Fixes Hot fixes are usually provided in response to a high-severity production problem or security issue for which a work-around is not possible. Hot fixes are provided for specific problems only, and are sometimes later superseded by code changes that are included in a fix pack or service pack. Hot fixes tend to be customerspecific and are not, therefore, included in later releases of the product. For these reasons, hot fixes are provided by Technical Support only; they are not available for customers to download via the patch download site. Fix Packs Fix packs are smaller, intermediate, regression-tested releases of hot fixes that are created to resolve specific customer-reported problems. Fix packs are released every 6–8 weeks, or as required, and generally contain 5–6 components. Service Packs Service packs are a cumulative collection of the previously released fix packs and hot fixes and, as such, they supersede those fix packs and hot fixes for a minor release of a product (such as, 4.0, 4.1, and 4.5). New releases of the product are considered an upgrade and therefore are not performed using self-maintenance. The fixes that are contained in a service pack are regression tested. Service packs are generally released every 4–6 months depending on the operating-system platform and number of fixes available. For example: Hewlett-Packard might offer several service packs for the version4.0 release. These service packs would be 4.0.1, 4.0.2, 4.0.3, etc., and selfmaintenance would be used to deploy them. The next release (considered an upgrade) would be version 4.1, which would not be deployed via selfmaintenance; rather, specific instructions for performing the upgrade would be provided. Implementing Radia Client Self-maintenance This section explains each of the six tasks (shown in Figure 1) that Hewlett-Packard recommends for performing Radia Client self-maintenance. Figure 1 ~ Importing Maintenance Packages Importing Maintenance Packages The first step to configure self-maintenance is to import the packages. In version 4.0 there is a new database Domain, PRDMAINT (shown in Figure 2), for Radia Client selfmaintenance. Note This Domain is for Radia Clients, version 4.0 and later. Prior versions of Radia Clients must continue to use the NOVADIGM Domain for self-maintenance. Previous releases are protected in several ways from receiving version-4.0 maintenance. The staging directory is different on the version 3.x and version 4.0 Radia Clients; and the self-maintenance method, UPGRDMAINT, is version-specific. The version-4.0 maintenance services have a special ZSTOP expression that prevents pre-version 4.0 Radia Clients from receiving the service. UPGRDMAINT checks the internal version information in the maintenance files in order to ensure that the fixes match the client version. Figure 2 ~ PRDMAINT domain In order to prevent package-configuration problems, Hewlett-Packard provides version 4.0 self-maintenance packages as export decks. These export decks eliminate the need for customers to publish fixes, which alleviates problems that were caused by using an incorrect drive or directory when publishing the fix. HP-Supplied Product Maintenance The following examples show the contents of a typical hot fix, fix pack, and service pack. Hot Fix File name: R3207014.zip Contents: RAM_WIN32_NT_4_0_HF_R3207014.xpi, RAM_WIN32_NT_4_0_HF_R3207014.xpr, and RADCONCT.EXE. Fix Pack File name: FPCORE01.zip Contents: RAM_WIN32_NT_4_0_FPCORE01.xpi, RAM_WIN32_NT_4_0_FPCORE01.xpr Service Pack File name: SP401.zip Contents: Service packs contain various export decks, depending on the client platform. Appropriate documentation is provided with each service pack. Import Steps 1. Download the hot fix, fix pack, or service pack files. 2. Extract the contents into the Radia Configuration Server's exe directory. (UNIX) Extract the contents into the Radia Configuration Server's bin directory. (Windows) 3. Stop the Radia Configuration Server service. 4. Import the files using the ZEDMAMS utility, IMPORT_INSTANCE. (For detailed information this utility, see the Radia Configuration Server Guide.) IMPORT_INSTANCE command-line example (Windows): ZEDMAMS VERB=IMPORT_INSTANCE,FILE=RAM_WIN32_NT_4_0_CORE01.XPI, XPR=RAM_WIN32_NT_4_0_CORE01.XPR,DUPLICATES=MANAGE,COMMIT_C HANGES=YES,REPLACE=YES, CONTINUE=YES,PREVIEW=NO 5. Verify that the ZEDMAMS.LOG (or other log file defined by the parameter log=<filename.log>) ends with a return code less than or equal to 4. 6. Restart the Radia Configuration Server service. Customer-Specific Maintenance Using self-maintenance, customer-specific scripts or methods can be deployed to, and updated on, the Radia Clients. Examples of customer-specific scripts are: INITMETH.REX, PRESETUP.REX, ARGS.XML, and any other customer-specific script, batch file, or executable that needs to be deployed to the IDMSYS folder. Standard Radia Client fixes should not be published using this method; HP-supplied export decks must be used (refer to the previous section, HP-Supplied Product Maintenance). Note The Radia Packager that is included as part the version 4.0 Radia Administrator Workstation suite does not support custom-maintenance publishing. Customers who need to publish custom maintenance must contact Technical Support for a Radia Packager update. Custom maintenance can be published using the Radia Packager for Radia, version 4.0 (formerly the Radia Publisher) as follows: 1. Copy the custom-maintenance files into the IDMSYS folder of the machine on which the Radia Packager is installed. 2. Launch the Radia Packager and log in. 3. In the Session Type box select Component Selection Mode. 4. Enter a Session ID and Description. Click Next. 5. Enter a Package Name, select PRDMAINT for the Domain, and complete the Description and Release information. Click Next. 6. At the System Configuration and Availability panels, change nothing. Click Next. 7. Expand the IDMSYS folder and select the custom-maintenance files that are to be published. Click Next. 8. Expand the folders that are displayed under the Files tab. Right-click and from the context menu select Set Properties|Directory and Files. 9. The Properties and Locations panel will have the Maintenance Radia button selected on the Data Options tab, do not change this. Select the Verification options and Delivery Options setting on the Client Management tab. Click OK to save the changes and Next to continue. 10. Click Promote to complete the packaging session. Preparing Maintenance Service Figure 3 ~ Preparing Maintenance Service After the maintenance package has been imported, it will be connected to the Maint 40 sample Application Service (ZSERVICE) instance that is provided in the default database. Launch Radia System Explorer and expand the PRDMAINT domain. The Application Service Class in the PRDMAINT Domain has an instance named Maint 40 in the default database. This instance has five _ALWAYS_ connections to instances in the PRDMAINT Class, one connection for every Radia Client type. Notice that the value for each connection uses symbolic substitution to attributes in ZMASTER and IDENTITY, as in: PRDMAINT.RAM_&(ZMASTER.ZOSTYPE)_&(IDENTITY.RAMREL) ZMASTER_ZOSTYPE is a new attribute that the Radia Client populates with a value (such as ‘WIN32_NT’ for NT-class Windows operating systems). IDENTITY.RAMREL is a new attribute that contains a release value, such as 4_0, 4_1, and 4_2. The combination of these symbolic values allows for simplified connections that can handle a wide variety of operating-system platforms. These five connection values should not be altered. If additional service instances are added in order to support piloting, these five connection values should be copied into the new service instance. The Maint 40 service also includes the ZSTOP expression (EDMGETV('IDENTITY','RAMREL')=''). This expression eliminates unnecessary resolution and metadata downloading by preventing the service from being included in the catalog for previous client releases. This expression should also be used for any additional service instances that are created. Figure 4 ~ Default Maintenance Application Service Instance By default, all self-maintenance packages (hot fixes, fix packs, and service packs) will be provided with a value of 1 for the ZSTOP000 expression (as seen in Figure 5). This prevents the new package from being accidentally deployed and activated by stopping the resolution process. Administrators will have to remove this value as the last step before attempting to deploy the new package. Figure 5 ~ Maintenance Package Instance with ZSTOP000 set to 1 In the PRDMAINT Domain there is a PRDMAINT Class that contains twenty Requires Connection-type attributes (see Figure 6). Instances in this Class are the anchor point for all self-maintenance packages in the PACKAGE Class. Figure 6 ~ PRDMAINT Class There are five PRDMAINT Class Instances in the default Radia Database, one for each Radia Client. See the Database Tree View in Figure 6. Each time a fix pack or service pack is released, HP will supply export decks for the entire PRDMAINT Class. Therefore, these instances should not be changed because they will be overwritten when the new instances are imported. Figure 7 ~ RAM_WIN32_NT_4_0 Instance The first two Requires Connection slots in each instance are already populated; these values must not be changed. These two connections refer to PACKAGE Instances in the default database (see Figure 7). If these types of packages are needed, the hot fix or custom fix package must be connected to one of these two default packages using a Requires Connection. By using this connection scheme, all of the PRDMAINT Instances can be replaced and their referential integrity to the PACKAGE Class is maintained. Hot Fix Example Figure 8 shows an example of a hot fix package (RAM_WIN32_NT_4_0_HOTFIX_R3207017) that might be supplied by HP. The instance that represents this hot fix is connected to the default package RAM_WIN32_NT_4_0 using a REQUIRES connection. This is the proper way to connect a hot fix package. Eventually, this hot fix might be included in a fix pack or service pack, in which case it would then be made available as part of the appropriate export deck. In the export deck, the PRDMAINT Instances will be pre-configured with the required package connections. The Radia administrator can remove the values in the REQUIRES slots that refer to any previous hot fixes after verifying that the hot fix is part of the fix pack or service pack by referring to the fix number appended to the instance name. This information is included in the Release Notes for the fix pack or service pack. Note Using the example in Figure 8, the Radia administrator should, prior to removing this Requires Connection, read the Release Notes for the fix pack or service pack in order verify that fix R3207017 was included. Figure 8 ~ RAM_WIN32_NT_4_0_HOTFIX Instance Fix Pack Example Figure 9 shows an example of a fix pack package (RAM_WIN32_NT_4_0_ FPCORE01) that might be supplied by HP. The PRDMAINT Class and RAM_WIN32_NT_4_0_FPCORE01 package are provided as export decks so there is no need for a Radia administrator to make any connections after importing the package. By design, the fix pack is connected to the last Requires Connection slot. Subsequent fix pack packages would be added in the preceding vacant slots until a service pack is released. When a service pack is released, the new PRDMAINT Instances that are provided will remove all of the existing fix-pack connections and only one connection to the service pack will remain. Note Always backup the Radia Database before importing maintenance decks. Figure 9 ~ RAM_WIN32_NT_4_0 Instance with a Fix Pack configured Custom-Maintenance Example Figure 10 shows how to configure a custom-maintenance package. The example shows a package, RAM_WIN32_INITMETH_01, connected to RAM_WIN32_NT_4_0_CUSTOM via a REQUIRES connection. RAM_WIN32_NT_4_0_CUSTOM is provided in the default database and must be used as the anchor point for any custom-maintenance packages. Figure 10 ~ RAM_WIN32_NT_4_0_CUSTOM Instance with a custom maintenance package configured Configuring Client Operations Profiles (optional) Figure 11 ~ Preparing COP By default, self-maintenance resources are automatically activated or installed when delivered to the desktop. The Radia administrator can, however, use the Radia Client Operations Profiles (COP) component to specify when self-maintenance will be activated. Although COP is not required in order to perform self-maintenance, it is required in order to change the default activation values. The attribute that controls this feature, ACTMAINT, is in the CLIENT.SETTINGS Class. The values of ACTMAINT are listed and described in Table 3. Table 1 ACTMAINT Values Attribute Value I (or blank) Description This is the default behavior—resources will be immediately activated or copied into the IDMSYS folder from the staging folder when the maintenance service is downloaded. Immediate P Prompt For RSM clients, the user interface will display a dialog stating that the Radia Client needs to be updated, and that the session will restart after the activation is complete. The dialog contains an OK button only. For RAM clients, the behavior is the same as I (Immediate). For RSM clients, this will instruct the user interface that maintenance needs to be applied. The user interface will display a dialog stating that the Radia Client needs to be updated, and that the session will restart after activation. Table 1 ACTMAINT Values Attribute Value D Deferred Description This will populate the staging folder but will not activate maintenance during normal processing. The client method, UPGRDMAINT.EXE, must be invoked on an independent schedule in order to activate staged resources using a timer or notification from the Radia Management Portal. The SETTINGS Class Instance is part of the CLIENT Domain that is used during COP resolution. Complete instructions for implementing COP can be found in the guide, HP OpenView Application Manager Using Radia. Implementing Entitlement Policy Figure 12 ~ Implementing Entitlement Policy Entitlement policy can be defined using either an internal or external policy model. Internal Policy Model The Maint 40 instance is connected to the _BASE_INSTANCE_ of the POLICY.USER class. This connection will cause all new USER Instances to inherit this value and be entitled to this service. Note This connection can be removed from USER._BASE_INSTANCE_ and instead be connected to a Workgroups (WORKGRP) or Departments (DEPT) instance. The same users will be entitled to the service, but as a result of belonging to a department or workgroup, rather than each having to be defined in the USER Class. Figure 13 ~ Self-maintenance service connection using internal Radia policy model External Policy Model Policy can also be defined using a directory service such as LDAP or NDS. The Radia Policy Server can be used to assign the self-maintenance service to either users or computers in the directory tree. Note For more information, refer to the guide, HP OpenView Policy Server Using Radia. Deploying the Self-maintenance Service Figure 14 ~ Deploy Service. Deployment of the self-maintenance service can be performed as part of a standard client connect, or as part of a connection process that is created specifically for delivering maintenance. In order to initiate self-maintenance during a standard RAM client connect, a new RADSKMAN parameter (MNT=Y) is required on the command line with the other RADSKMAN parameters. When the client connect is started, the self-maintenance service will be processed and the maintenance files will be installed immediately—not after the client connect has ended. This differs from previous releases of the Radia Clients. Note Remember, in order to change the default behavior of the service being automatically installed, the ACTMAINT attribute must be changed from its default value of I. And, in order to change the default of the ACTMAINT attribute, the Radia COP component is required. In the following example, the self-maintenance files will be immediately activated because cop=y is not specified. Radskman cat=prompt,ip=192.168.1.10,mnt=y Note For a complete list of the RADSKMAN parameters, refer to the TechNote/Engineering Note, RADSKMAN: Parameters and Examples for Version 4.x. Activating a Deferred Self-maintenance Service If the deployment of a self-maintenance service was deferred (ACTMAINT=D), the service needs to be activated. This can be accomplished by Notifying the client via the Radia Management Portal or using a timer to run UPGRDMAINT. Activation using the Radia Management Portal 1. Select the Notify operation. 2. From the Notify Type drop-down list, select Custom Notify. 3. In the Command box in the Notify Information section, enter UPGRDMAINT. 4. Complete the information in the remaining panels and click Submit. Now, running UPGRDMAINT will activate any deferred self-maintenance files that are on the client. Activation using a Timer to run UPGRDMAINT A timer can be deployed to activate self-maintenance immediately and in the future. Using this method, maintenance files and the timer instance can be deployed as part of a normal daily Radia client connection. Once this timer and deferred maintenance are in place, the timer will activate the files based on the schedule determined by the administrator. 1. In the PRDMAINT.TIMER Class select one of the Sample Timer instances, such as Daily Apply Self Maintenance. 2. Specify the following values: ZSCHFREQ=ONCE ZRSCCMDL=upgrdmaint ZSCHDEF=MONTHLY(20041201,01:00) 3. Connect this TIMER instance to the self-maintenance service instance prior to deployment with the deferred setting. When the “timer” (established by ZSCHDEF) expires, the (deferred) self-maintenance service will be activated. Note For complete details on configuring a TIMER instance, refer to the section, Scheduled Deployment Strategy in the in the guide, HP OpenView Application Manager Using Radia. Performing a Self-maintenance only Connection Self-maintenance packages can also be deployed during a dedicated maintenance only client connection. This type of connection does not process the applications in the software catalog. This method can be used to: Provide greater control when self-maintenance files are deployed Allow self-maintenance updates to occur on a schedule separate from other updates, and with less frequency (such as weekly or monthly, instead of daily) Self-maintenance only Connection using the Radia Management Portal 1. Select the Notify operation. 2. From the Notify Type drop-down list, select Custom Notify. 3. Specify: Radskman Req=“Self Maintenance”, ip=<RCS_IP_address> Self-maintenance only Connection using a Timer To perform maintenance only, specify: Radskman Req=“Self Maintenance”, ip=<RCS_IP_address> Note When this syntax is used MNT=Y is automatically set. The PRDMAINT Domain has a TIMER Class that contains three sample TIMER Instances. The first, Daily Apply Self Maintenance, has ZRSCCMDL=UPGRDMAINT specified. This instance can be used to activate maintenance that was previously deployed, but with the activation deferred, ACTMAINT=D. The ZSCHDEF parameter needs to be configured with the desired schedule. The sample uses DAILY, but this can be changed to WEEKLY and MONTHLY. The two remaining samples are configured to deploy and activate maintenance using the parameter, Radskman Req=“Self Maintenance”. The ZSCHDEF parameter needs to be configured with the desired schedule. Restoring and Updating the Backup Folder By default, the client installation creates a backup folder that contains the minimum components required to perform a connection to the RCS. This backup folder, which resides in the IDMROOT folder, enables the restoration of the Radia Client in the event the IDMSYS directory becomes corrupted or files are deleted. Its contents can be restored into the IDMSYS folder by running UPGRDMAINT, and can be updated if code is subsequently deployed to the client. Restoring a Damaged Radia Client using the Radia Management Portal 1. Select either the Notify by Device or Notify by Subscription operation. 2. From the Notify Type drop-down list, select Custom Notify. 3. Specify: upgrdmaint /restore This will copy the contents of the backup folder to the IDMSYS folder. The Radia Client will now be functional so a notification can be sent to perform a full connect or a maintenance-only connect in order to repair the client files. Upgrading the Backup Folder using the Radia Management Portal 1. Select the Notify operation. 2. From the Notify Type drop-down list, select Custom Notify. 3. Specify: upgrdmaint /backup This will copy the core files from the IDMSYS folder into the backup folder. This command is useful after a service pack or fix pack has been deployed to the client so that the backup folder is synchronized with the latest maintenance. Deployment Recommendations If Radia is configured to perform machine and user connections, configure the self-maintenance service to be a Machine-only service. Do this by setting the ZSERVICE.ZSVCMODE attribute to M. When the user connection is performed (context=u), the maintenance service will be skipped. This will prevent unnecessary data transfer and verification of the maintenance service when the user initiated connection runs. Customers who are using RAM and RSM Clients on the same machine should perform maintenance during the RAM connect only. This will prevent prompts informing the user that Radia updates need to be applied. Customers who are using only RSM will need to add the MNT embed tag to the ARGS.XML file so that the RSM client performs maintenance. The correct syntax is shown in the following example. <?xml version="1.0" ?> <RADIA_ARGUMENTS> <ARGUMENTS> <PROVIDERNAME>RADIA</PROVIDERNAME> <RESOLUTIONMANAGER>192.168.1.10</RESOLUTIONMANAGER> <STARTDIR>SYSTEM</STARTDIR> <IDENTIFICATION>$machine</IDENTIFICATION> <CHANNELNAME>SOFTWARE</CHANNELNAME> <RESOLUTIONPORT>3464</RESOLUTIONPORT> <MNT>Y</MNT> </ARGUMENTS> </RADIA_ARGUMENTS> Reporting Figure 15 ~ Examine Reporting results Reporting for the self-maintenance service is now identical to the reporting that is available for other Radia-managed services. The _BASE_INSTANCE_ in the PRDMAINT.ZSERVICE Class has the standard Radia EVENTS attribute for defining application events on which to report. By default, all reporting events are set to B (Both). Figure 16 ~ Self-maintenance service Event Reporting Use the Radia Reporting Server to review the event information for the maintenance service. See the HP OpenView Reporting Server Guide. 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