International Fact Finding Report
On
The Effects of the
Japan-Official Development Assistance
(ODA)Funded Projects
in
Cebu and Bohol
June 5-10, 2003
IFFM Rationale
On April 29-30, 2003, a conference was launched by the communities affected by the
Japan-Official Development Assistance (ODA)-funded projects in Cebu and Bohol in Capitol
Parish Social Hall, Capitol Parish, Escario Street, Cebu City.
The conference was attended by 100 delegates representing the different people’s
organizations (POs) in Cebu and Bohol, namely the Panaghugpong Alang sa Sanag nga Ugma
sa Lumulupyo, PASUL; Solid Pagatpat Homeowners Association, SPHA; Panaghugpong sa
mga Mananagat sa Dakbayan sa Sugbo, PAMADASU; Integrated Sagip-Dagat Association,
ISDA; Salvador Bantay Dagat Association, SBDA; Anakdagat-Sugbo; Panaghiusa sa mga
Kabus sa Dakbayan sa Talisay; Alisyahanong Kahugpungang Mag-uuma; Alyansa sa mga Maguumang Benepisyaryo sa Pilar Dam, LAMABEPDA; Nagkahiusang Lumulupyo nga Apektado
sa Bayongan Dam, NAGLABAD; Bulilis Main Canal and Lateral Association; Hugpong sa mga
Mag-uumang Bol-anon; Lumulupyong Apektado sa Bayongan Dam Main Canal, LABADAMI;
Daughters of Mary Escolapias; and five other invited non-government organizations, including
the Solidarity and People’s Advocacy Network, SPAN.
The conference tackled the different issues encompassing the social and environmental
effects of the Japan-ODA funded Cebu South Reclamation Project (CSRP), the Cebu South
Coastal Road Project (CSCRP), the Bohol Irrigation Project Phase II (BHIP 2 or Bayongan Dam
Project) and the Bohol Irrigation Project Phase 1 (BHIP 1 or Malinao Dam Project).
After the two-day conference, the affected communities came up with a conference
declaration entitled Conference Declaration of the Affected Communities of the Japan-ODAFunded Projects in Central Visayas (Appendix 1), which was resolved to be submitted to the
concerned agencies and government units such as the Government of Japan, the Japan Bank for
International Cooperation (JBIC), the local government of Cebu City represented by the
Honorable Mayor Tomas Osmena, the local government of Bohol represented by the Honorable
Governor Erico Aumentado (also the Regional Development Council Chairperson), and other
concerned organizations such as the Solidarity and People’s Advocacy Network, SPAN-Central
Visayas.
SPAN, as a church-based organization linking up with our poverty-stricken brothers and
sisters in the Central Visayas region to concerned groups and individuals in other countries such
as Japan,, heeds the urgent call. And to validate the demands raised by the communities, SPAN
conducted its data gathering which culminated to this International Fact Finding Mission and
Development Visit involving concerned Japanese groups, mainly to assess the effects of these
mentioned Japanese ODA projects in Cebu and Bohol at its current stage of implementation.
The IFFM and Development Visit was launched on June 4-10, 2003. Areas selected
were Cebu City shoreline barangays of Ermita, Pasil, Suba, Duljo-Fatima, Alumnos San Nicolas,
Basak Pardo, Cogon Pardo and Inayawan; and the area locations of the Malinao Dam in Pilar;
Capayas Dam in Calanggaman, Ubay and Bayongan Dam in Los Angeles, Ubay, the dam
affected barangays in Bohol province.
The Fact Finding Mission and Development Visit Participants
The IFFM and Development Visit was attended by the concerned Cebu-Bohol Network
in Japan members such as the J-net, the Yutsoba Cooperative of Japan and the Reform ODA
Movement on Japan represented by the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Ms. Saya Kiba
Ms. Yuki Takeuchi
ODA Reform Movement in Japan
ODA Reform Movement in Japan,
Cebu-Bohol Solidarity Network in Japan
Mr. Takeshi Hasegawa JNT
Mr. Hirofumi Noguchi
HIKOBAE, Cebu- Bohol Solidarity Network
in Japan
Mr. Noriatsu Taba
Yotsuba Cooperative
Mr. Yuji Uekaseda
Yotsuba Cooperative
Ms. Hiroko
Womens Organization in Japan
Ms Kimiko Kubo
HIKOBAE
Mr. Yasumitsu Yamao Yotsuba Cooperative
The representatives from the local organizations are the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
Mr. Ron Calungsod, The Manila Shimbun
Rev. Rey Giluagan, PCPR
Rev. Fr. Mario Agunod, PCPR and SPAN Covenor
Rev. Fr. Herbert Padrequilla, IFI and SPAN Cenvenor
Ms. Claygel Nellas, VIMROD
Dr. Khan Nagashima, VPHC
Dr. Erlinda Yap, VPHC, Friends of the Urban Poor Cebu
Dr. Xavier Solis, VPHC
Ms. Janice Repuela, SPFTC
Ms. Bernadette Cometa, SPFTC
Ms. Jetamae Paglinawan, Banag-Banag
Ms. Maribel Soraco, VISCA
Mr. Edgar Gahisan, VPHC
Ms. Guindolyn Alcambro, WRCC
Ms. Lilibeth Arellano, Kadamay
Dr. Oliver Gimenez, VPHC - Bohol
Ms. Lieve Severens, Philippine Groups-Belgium, SPFTC
Ms. Geraldine Labradores, SPFTC, SPAN Convenor
Ms. Ira Pamat, SPAN Secretariate
Aside from the communities and personalities who were were present during the
April 29-30, 2003 Conference, the following were also interviewed:
1.
2.
3.
Ermita Women’s Organization, EWO
Ermita Punong Barangay Felicisimo Rupinta
Pundok sa mga Kabus nga Mibarog, PAGBAROG-Alumnos
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Pasil Women’s Organization, PWO
Alumnos Urban Poor Association, ASUPA
Tayud Residence Association, TRA
United People’s Organization, UPO-Tayud Cogon Pardo
Alliance of Farmer Beneficiaries of the Pilar Dam -Bohol
United Residents of the Bayongan Dam - Bohol
Affected Farmers of the Bayongan Dam Main Canal
Hugpong Mag-uumang Bol-anon
Mr. Gerry Marguez, Consultant – Urban Poor
Bohol Governor Erico Aumentado
Cebu City Mayor Tomas Osmena
The Fact Finding and Development Visit Results
(consolidated with the research output)
General Information on the Projects
The Cebu South Reclamation Project (CSRP)
Project Cost: P2.8 billion loan (PH-157)
The Cebu South Reclamation Project (CSRP) and the Cebu South Coastal Road Project
(CSCRP) are two final phase components of the Metro Cebu Development Plan Phase III
(MCDP-III).
This 330.9 - hectare CSRP and CSCRP aim to provide additional area for industrial and
export processing use accessible to the ports and airport located in the Cebu Business District
and Mactan Island, respectively. It is targeted to catalyze the development of the southern
portion of Metro Cebu and place this in the same footing as the North area. When completed,
these projects would cater domestic and foreign investors who may put up business
establishments within.
The CSCRP is to make a direct uninterrupted access from the southern portion of Cebu
City, Talisay City and other southern towns in the province to the Central Business District,
seaports and the international airport of Lapu-lapu City. A major component of the road network
in Metro Cebu, the coastal road will provide access to the development of the reclamation area
into an industrial district.
Projected to have a value of P18 billion, the reclamation project is envisioned to become
a Special Economic Zone, an industrial enclave like the Mactan Export Processing Zone
(MEPZ), and an international port.
The Cebu South Coastal Road Project (CSCRP)
Segment 2 and 2A, Causeway Section
Contract Amount:
Source of Fund:
Contractor:
Start of Contract:
Length:
Target Contract Period:
Owner:
P 2,061 million ( Y 8,512 M )
JBIC PH-P158
TOA Corporation
January 20, 1998
4.86 km.
1,277 calendar days
DPWH
Segment 3A, Viaduct Section
Contract Amount:
Source of Fund:
Contractor:
Start of Contract:
P 1,113 million ( Y4,596 M )
JBIC PH-158
TAISEI MARUBENI JV
January 20, 1998
Length:
Target Contract Period:
Owner:
Segment 3B, Subway Section
Contract Amount:
Source of Fund:
Contractor:
Start of Contract:
Length:
Target Contract Period:
Owner:
1.52 km.
1,775 calendar days
DPWH
P 2,418 million ( Y9,982 M )
JBIC PH-157
TOYO Construction Co., Ltd.
April 2, 1997
1.37 km.
1,521 calendar days
Cebu City
Effects in the Shoreline Barangays of Cebu City
near the Cebu South Reclamation Project and
Cebu South Coastal Road Project
(collated research and fact finding data)
 Barangay Ermita
ORIGIN
The present barangay of Ermita had its origin deep into a long past about which no
records are available to tell the exact or appropriate years when it came into existence. It is the
general belief that it must have been founded not long after the Christianization of the tribal
peoples of Humabon and Tupas.
There is actually no definite origin and reason why the barrio is named as “Ermita”. One
theory of its origin is the fact that “Ermita” is a Spanish word which means chapel, it is believed
that during the early years of the Spanish occupation, it got its name from the village chapel.
Another theory is that it got its name from a very popular beach called Ermita. However, a
clearer theory of the name is that which came from the barangay hall’s records, that state that it
was late Hon. Florencio Urot, that gave the name “Ermita” which means “Hermits or
Ermitanyo’s”, in recognition of the seven (7) industrious hermits who resided beside the present
Guadalupe River Forbes Bridge, corner Magallanes and El Filibusterismo Streets whom he
usually saw to be so busy in their “nipa” trade every time he passed by the place.
Ermita is a small urban poor settlement in an unsteadily commercial area, as it once
became the “center of trade in the city and Province of Cebu”, before the emergence of modern
shopping malls. It is where the landing and vending of almost all kinds of items and fresh goods
from the mountain barangays. Thus, as a result, several groups of people decided to reside in the
area to venture their opportunity and fortune as evident in the high rising population.
BARANGAY PROFILE
Total Land Area:
Total Population:
Registered Voters:
Unregistered voters:
Children below 18:
No. of Families:
No. of Houses:
17 hectares
11,500
4,500
1,300
6,300
1,650
1,177
Resident’s Source of Income:
Vending
Employment
No Regular Income
No. of Business Establishments:
Annual Barangay Income:
60%
11%
29%
1,380
2,997,816.24
FINDINGS:
The mission had the chance to talk to Punong Barangay Felicisimo Rupinta and the
members of the Ermita Women’s Association (EWO) and the mission found out that:

Barangay Ermita has been fighting against demolition and any threat of it
for 20-25 years, and the barangay captain has been a mass leader in the
people’s fight against demolition. The people are prepared to fight in fact
one had offered his life for this struggle;

The government has offered them the Slum Improvement and Relocation
Program (SIRP) but they declined because the SRIP prohibits them to
build any development in the lot they occupy including raising animals.
So what they did was to fight so that the land will be directly sold to them.
Now they are challenged to pay P290/sq. mtr.(after 2½ years of struggling
for this amount) in the lot they occupy and asked a period of 5 years to
pay for this;

71% of the residents depend on vending as a source of livelihood, majority
are fish vendors in the Carbon market, others sell vegetables, fruits,
foodstuffs and many assorted items;

They are affected by the South Reclamation Project because the sea water
is being disturbed and they depend on the fish catch which the fishermen
get for the day, and before, many of the residents indulged in shell
gathering (now the area has been covered);

Presently, the barangay has the official list of 19 families of fisherfolks
directly affected by the South Reclamation Project. Out of the 19, 3
families depend on shell gathering. These families are not given
livelihood projects yet, and almost always they ask food from the
barangay captain because their life now is very hard. But the members of
the Ermita Women’s Organization said there are more than 20 fishing
households directly affected by the SRP. Most of them are now laborers,
vendors, others accept laundry;

In the effort to help these families, the cooperative wherein the barangay
captain is also a Board member, extended a P1,000-loan for a livelihood
but until now, the fisherfolks failed to pay;

In Sitio Bato, 17 houses are being dislocated because of the reclamation
project near carbon. These households are vendors. Before the project
started, the barangay captain insured that the Japanese contractor
responsible in the construction of the reclamation project would sign a
memorandum of agreement (MOA) to give a P1,000/month rental for
those affected, build a uniform 200 sq. mtrs house for them and settle
them back to Bato after the construction of the reclamation project near
carbon. The barangay captain provided the mission team the copy of the
MOA;

In Quezon Blvd., 1,150 families were demolished “voluntarily” due to the
road widening. The barangay captain led the families to voluntarily
demolish their structures along the highway;

Illegal drugs is very rampant in the place, in fact the former barangay
captain has been imprisoned because of drug running;

1996 statistics reveals that Barangay Ermita has 60% parcel of land owned
by the government and 48% is owned privately;

Barangay Ermita is very prone to fire, in fact, a big fire hit them last May
2003.
 Barangay Pasil
ORIGIN
During the Spanish time, the place was called “Pasir” meaning the docking point of
fishermen coming from the islets of Bohol and nearby fishing round. Since time immemorial
Pasil has been known as the trading center of fresh fish and anybody who wants to have a good
bargain has to come early to avail of a wide variety of fresh fish and seashells. Eventually
“Pasir” was changed to Pasil and has continued to host fish traders and large scale fishermen
coming as far as Mindanao.
BARANGAY PROFILE
Geography
The barangay is bounded by Barangay Ermita in the north with the Guadalupe river in
between, Barangay Suba in the South, the coastline at the east and at the west Barangay Pahina
San Nicolas. The first barangay along the shoreline encompassing the Cebu City’s South District
with 9 hectares of land area.
Population
Total Population: more than 10,000
Voting Population: 4,000 (as of 1997)
Socio-Economic:
People’s means of livelihood includes vending at the Carbon Market, cargo handling in
construction firms and carpentry, department store workers and etc.
The barangay has been divided into blocks. Among the blocks, block 6 is considered the
most depresses one. There are 278 families living in 130 households. Of the 278 families, 23
depend heavily on selling illegal-drugs as their primary source of livelihood. The area situated
along the shoreline and riverbank mostly depend on fishing, seashells gathering, cargo-handling
and hanging rice or “puso” making.
FINDINGS (as shared by the members of the Pasil Womens Organization):

Though majority of Pasil residents are vendors, there was a number of
fisherfolks affected by the South Reclamation Project with no alternative
livelihood after the construction of the project;

The impact was big because these fisherfolks has to go farther in the deep sea
and have to compete with big commercial fishing, and even illegal trawlers with
their manual fishing gears. Ultimately, they ended up selling their bancas and
other fishing gears;

As a result, they are now resorting to irregular jobs such as vending goods in the
carbon market (additional to the existing competing vendors), washing clothes
or laundry, trisikad drivers and many others to be able to feed the family;

Residents also failed to avail the Slum Improvement and Relocation Program
because the lot are not residential but identified as commercial and industrial
lots, a situation which almost always subject them to demolitions;

Government officials led by their Punong Barangay promised them jobs upon
the completion of the SRP but they have a doubt on this because they have
limited educational qualifications;

Garbage is always a problem because the city has no system in collecting this,
and the garbage from carbon market will be brought by the tide in their place
and will be left during low tide.
 Barangay Suba
ORIGIN
History tells that Barangay Suba is once a part of Barangay Pasil. The name Pasil derives
from the word “Pansil” which means market place or trading area/port. Barter is the system of
trading.
The Barrios of Suba and Pasil are “twins”. In fact a great many people can hardly
distinguish one from the other. Only an imburnal (covered culvert) separates Suba from Pasil.
Once this imburnal was a small creek called lumotan for the reason that plenty of lumot covered
the banks of this tiny stream. Both the fishermen of Pasil and Suba, including those of Sawang
Calero, a nearby barrio, made good use of this lumot. They used it to attract fish into fish traps.
There is no such stream now. Big parts of it were purposely covered with earth after the course
of the small brook was directed elsewhere and what was left of the small stream was converted
into an imburnal with cemented sides.
“Suba” is a Cebuano term, which means bug creek. The name “Suba” became the
official name of the barangay on January 1962. The PACD or Presidential Assistance on
Community Development Was instrumental in adopting the name.

BARANGAY PROFILE:
Population:
Total Household Population:
Number of Households:
Voters Population:
Total Land Area:
Budget:
8, 286
8, 245
1, 766
1,000
9.4 hectares
P1, 196, 690.14
SITUATION:
Barangay Suba is one of the most progressive barangays. The establishment of a catholic
parish church became necessary because of population growth, the place being
predominantly Catholics. Most of the residents are self-employed as fish vendors and
cargo handlers of fish dealers at the fish port area.
Curfew hours are implemented to minimize petty crimes among minors (below 18 years
old).
The Barangay has only one Health Center, located at Magsaysay St. with complete
doctors, nurses, and midwives and with the aid of 5 barangay health workers.
Under the Chairmanship of Brgy. Councilor Rogelio Resurreccion, close monitoring of
dengue cases has been implemented and education and information about SARS has been
conducted.
FINDINGS (as shared by SUSAMAKA members and officers):

the April 17, 2003 fire ate up more than 300 houses in the area. No investigation
has been conducted to sue those who are responsible. Since the SRP was
constructed, unexplained fires are happening within Ermita, Pasil and Suba as
threat of demolition are felt by the residents;
Individuals and families affected in the recent fire in Barangay Suba with estimated
damage and house damage:
Description
HOTD (House
Owner, Totally
Damaged)
HPD (House
Partially Damaged)
AHO (Absentee
House Owner)
HR (House Rented)
HS (House Sharer)
Lodger
TOTAL
Families
327
Person
1, 628
Estimated Damage
33, 846,000.00
2
12
30,000.00
1
1
150,000.00
86
41
--457
346
155
2
2,144
1, 571, 636.00
1, 915,000.00
12,000.00
37, 524, 636.00

3 demolitions orders has been initially released to 13 homeowners for the road
widening (the local government call this “road recovery”) in Gen. Gines Street, an
overall number of 200 households will be affected including the Belgium Street.
This “road recovery” is intended for trailer trucks to have access to the fish port;

The demolition of their structures started last May 21, 3 house structures fell
down the hands of SPEED, while the Punong Barangay requested the SPEED to
suspend its demolition move pending the scheduled dialogue with the mayor;

The residents initiated a dialog with Mayor Tomas Osmena, and Engr. Jerry
Marquez of DWUP was sent to face them. Attended by their Punong Barangay
they demanded they will be given financial assistance for the structures they have
built but Marquez told them that COA has no budget allocation for this and
definitely they will not be given any amount;

The compromise was to recover the canals and Marquez momentarily suspend
the marks of “arrows” drawn by the SPEED people;

In the dialogue, the SUSAMAKA officers were told by Marquez that demolitions
will follow but definitely they will be given relocation sites;

The residents heared that the Pasil Fish Market Phase I will be converted into a
dry goods center, while the Phase II will be converted into a parking area. This
will then dislocate hundreds of families depending on fish vending including the
cargo handlers and small-scale fish transport;

People are afraid to stand for their rights, saying they are just ordinary citizens
who can not stand against the plans of the government.
 Barangay Sawang Calero
ORIGIN
The term “sawang” means a place where people gather. For many years this was a fish
gathering and fish-buying center being located along the sea. Bancas and sailboats carrying fish
and other sea products from neighboring island used to anchor and discharge their cargoes on its
most favorable shores. Here would gather both fish dealers and buyers day by day. It was this
daily gathering that gave birth to the name “sawang”.
Old folks relate that the place was once popular in the manufacture of different kinds of
“caldero”, a visayan term for kettle.
Another tale of the barangay’s origin dates back to the pre-Hispanic era when King
Humabon and Queen Juana established their kingdom here. When Magellan reached Cebu, he
offered a Holy Mass ashore after which he planted a wooden cross, which still exists along
Magallanes Street. Upon invitation, Magellan proceeded to the nearby Kingdom of King
Humabon and Queen Juana. After a short period of convincing the inhabitants about Christianity,
only the Queen came out to accept it. The ceremony of baptism took place immediately
somewhere in the place by the Calero where the couple lived.
After the baptism, inquiries raised everywhere as to who was baptized and where the
baptism took place. The reply was “Asawang Humabon sa Calero”. The query was repeated
many times. Repetition often creates faults until a word is either contracted or omitted. Amny
replies of the query came out erroneously like “Sawang Humabaon sa Calero, the “Sawang sa
Calero” and finally “Sawang Calero”.
BARANGAY PROFILE
Geography:
Located in the Southern District of Cebu Province, southward of Barangay Suba. Its
22.32 hectares of land area is bounded by Magsaysay extension in the north, Carlock street in the
South, Tupaz Street in the west, and coast in the east. Considered as an indigent barangay with a
rather short shoreline.
Population:
No. of Households:
No. of Families:
7,077 as of year 2002 (NSO)
1,404
6,995
FINDINGS:
Standard of Living:
Residents live in a very congested neighborhood. Their houses are made of light
materials. They do not own the lot that they occupy. Two to three families share one household.
A large number of the populace lives within the poverty line. Prices of prime
commodities are on the average. Seafood products are affordable since the area is near a fish
port.
Socio-Economic Status:
Most residents depend on cargo handling and selling marine products at the Pasil and
Carbon markets. Other work as carpenters, construction and service workers, while residents
near the shoreline are into fishing and seashells gathering. Others are office employees, fresh fish
and dried fish dealers, trisikad drivers, barbeque stand vendors or sari-sari store owners.
 Barangay Mambaling
ORIGIN
Long time ago, during the Spanish conquest, the place being situated in the coastal area
was mostly inhabited by fishermen. Every morning, these fishermen would go out to the sea in
groups and were often asked by the Spanish soldiers what was the name of the place. Thinking
that they were asked where they were heasing and what they were doing, they would often
answer “mamaling” which is a fishing style with the use of nets. So when the place was later
officially recognized, the residents adopted “Mambaling” to be the name of the barrio.
BARANGAY PROFILE
Total Population:
Voting Population:
Male:
Female:
Land Area:
Annual Budget:
Number of Households:
34,895
13,500 (2002)
12,983
14,689
14 hectares
5,219,000 (2003)
14,689
FINDINGS:
Barangay Mambaling was once a place rich in what people commonly call “kinhason” or
seashells. Most of the people live the shoreline, some even going as far as the waters already.
Most of the houses are on stilts with the upper floor as the house and the lower portion is the
clean and clear waters reach most of the houses floors during high tides. Beside their houses are
mangrove trees that are mostly home to fishes. Being near the cost, people’s livelihood and as
well as that of their forefathers was mainly related in the waters.
“Pagpanginhas (shell gathering), panagat (fishing), pamasul (fishing using hook) and
many more methods of fishing are the common livelihood. Most of the people talk of the place’s
abundance which is evident in the number of “caltex” cans (mainly used as measuring cups for
the seashells they got) they can get in a matter of 3-5 hours a day. These seashells are often sold
to the market which cost Php 10 per caltex (punaw).
Those who have banca go into the sea to fish, which then becomes the additional family
income. Children, when in need of money for school “baon”, contributions and projects just go
into the shoreline during low tides and gather shells which they sell and the money they earn will
be used for these needs.
In the year 1997, the CSCRP and CSRP started. Mambaling, being situated in the middle
of these coastline affected by the projects, was mainly affected. Thus, the project took away the
most important element of their existence—their livelihood.
After the covering of the shorelines and the sea, the adverse effects on the inhabitants
came one after another.
On their livelihood, the residents admit to having been deprived of it. People in the
barangay who are mainly into shell gathering have lost the shoreline where this is very abundant.
The loss often range from P300 to P500 a day. Now, some of them are working in shell craft,
and earn lower income in a day compared to the previous years. Some are even forced to work
in the carbon market as “kargador” (cargo/fish handlers) or sell in the market where they earn
P50-P150 daily. The men in the family are sometimes into “trisikad” driving and the women are
now accepting laundry jobs and sifting through garbage for materials that can be recycled and
sold.
On their children’s education, due to the loss of their livelihood, they were not able to
send their children to school. Parents attest to the fact that before the project, most of their
children would also depend on the seashore for their daily allowance and projects. Now, the
women and girls in the family are forced to work as house helps.
On their health, the CSRP and CSCRP had caused numerous health and sanitation
problems. The shoreline residents clamor of the stagnation of dirty water in the area. This is
caused by the stoppage of the flow of water. The water that once entered the vicinity with
garbage are now stocked up and decayed. Thus, the dirty and dusty environment makes the
children sick with upper respiratory infections, asthma, coughs and flu. The government is not
doing anything about this.
In the issue of demolition, more than 100 residents in Sitio Trumar, Paglaum and
Pagatpat face the threat of demolition due to the opening of the access road from the highway
going to the SRP. The government is hell-bent in finishing this road access within this year, but
they haven’t had an agreement yet on the relocation site with the affected residents.
 Barangay Duljo-Fatima
ORIGIN
Long time ago, during the Spanish Regime, the Katipuneros of Cebu City lived
somewhere in Barangay Tisa, Buhisan and other mountain barangays. If they plan to attack the
Spanish soldiers in the city, they have to cross the river called Labangon, which brought the
name of barangay Labangon. This river led their way to the sea oh Duljo.
From the mountains down to the sea, they used the term dulhog, which means to go down
to the city, passing along the coastal areas of the Nipa plantation. The Katipuneros hide
themselves in the nipa plants waiting for Spanish soldiers to pass by.
Dulhog was then the term frequently used and the name of barangay Duljo was then
derived.
BARANGAY PROFILE
Population:
Number of Families:
Number of Households:
Total Land Area:
Number of Sitios:
Number of Puroks:
15,932
3,397
2,337
17 hectares
37
10
PROBLEMS FACED BY BRGY. DULJO-FATIMA:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Improper disposal of waste, be it human or animal and other factors
Absence or lack of trees in the neighborhood
Lack of disaster programming
Lack of death aid and sick aid
Insufficient livelihood programs
Interior lighting facilities
Drug trafficking
Squatters
9. Peace and order
10. Interior canals
11. Illegal gambling
12. Lack of education, health and nutrition programs
13. Unemployment
14. Survival needs
15. Juvenile delinquency
16. Lack of people’s participation
SITUATION:

Most parents lack knowledge on proper nutrition and habits of cleanliness. The
health centers provide little supplemental medicines. Some residents don’t have
toilets. Others build toilets along the river.

Peace and order situation is not normal. As surveyed, the houses are very
congested. Pathways don’t demand exact measurement and the place is
susceptible to fire.

Some residents are employed in private and public firms. Others are selfemployed. Still, others need jobs. There are cooperatives organized in some sitios
that extend loans to their members for commercial purposes, livestock and others.
Food production is not maximized in the area for the lack of space.

The Barangay has one public elementary school with a population of more or less
three thousand pupils. Cohort and participation rate decrease annually. Some
drops out of school to help their parents look for means. Agriculture has no place.
Pot gardening is encouraged and the utilization of vacant lots and road sides.
Other residents don’t have access to potable water supply, and electrification due
to recovery problem after the big fire that blazed five sitios in 1998.

With the advancement of communication technology, some residents have
telephones and other modern communication facilities. There is also one radio
station in the barangay (DYRB)

Nutrition is still a problem in the barangay as well as other micronutrients
deficiency. Breastfeeding is not practiced due to limited knowledge of mothers
and the need for mothers to work immediately after giving birth.

Protein Energy Malnutrition among pre-schoolers is likely to be emphasized.
“Operation Timbang” should be quarterly conducted to monitor the weight of
children. The use of iodized salt is not properly implemented although portable
water is installed, residents still need motivation. Sanitary toilets facilities and
environmental situations are far from ideal. Often these are the contributing
factors to the high indecency of water-borne and food-borne diseases.

The local government has attempted to integrate interventions in health, nutrition
and early childhood care and development in order to provide a holistic approach
to children’s needs. The Day Care Workers also monitors immunization, growth
and nutritional status of the Day Care children. The barangay has three Day Care
Workers; two are government-funded, one for NGO-funded, ERDA. At present,
the two DCW’s are given an allowance of 2,000 per month from the barangay
budget. With such meager funds, DCW’s need augmentation pay to arouse their
interest to teach and take the responsibility of teaching Day Care children
effectively. The estimated pre-schoolers as of 1999 are 3,000 based from the 1998
survey which was 2,980. As of the moment there are 200 pre-schoolers served
including ERDA, and the barangay is looking forward for the construction of a
Day Care Center donated by Cong. Joy Augustus Young.

Duljo-Fatima has one public elementary school. There is emphasis in the quality
education yet we cannot ascertain which part in the school curriculum the pupils
failed. Drop out in elementary is higher than in the primary level. This indication
may be attributed to the worsening effect of the economic crisis where children
are forced to leave school in order to work for additional income. Enrollment rate
cannot be specified due to transferring and enrolling of students in other schools.
Out-of-school-youths and adults are given alternative learning by the Bureau of
Non-Formal Education. There are also differently-abled children enrolled in
SPED classes.

Some children in Duljo-Fatima are engaged in trisikad and tricycle-driving.
Robbery and snatching, drug dealing, prostitution, early marriages, and night-life
activities. Some houses have portions utilized for sniffing shabu, users pay P10
per head. Drug-pushing is increasing. It decreased when some policemen
conducted a Police Visibility Outreach Program in the barangay.

Lihok Filipina, an NGO that addresses issues concerning women has documented
that most of the battered wives said that their husbands are drug-users and
alcoholics. BCPC has also recorded battered wives that decided for separation due
to drugs. Sexual abuses, rape and incest are all increasing.

Indian Pana, gangsters are also in fashion. Most of our OSYs and school children
are involved in these activities. Records show that some of our minors are
displaying bad image, they being the hope of our country. There are also children
engaged in illegal gambling to the extent of not attending classes anymore. Play
activities at night are more practiced than studying or making their homework.
Curfew hours for children are not fully implemented. It should be done and given
prior consideration for the safety of our innocent young.

Barangay Council Protection for Children (BCPC): Strengthening the BCPC
would mean reforms in the behavior of minors. Unless it is not given attention, it
would be futile to effect change in the community. The constant BEC training for
all chapels in the barangay is conducted to help our young generations develop
spiritual values. All the NGOs in the barangay are taking part and have exerted
effort for progress and peace. Yet, our aspirations are far from perfect. Somehow
all the sectors are trying hard, perseveres, and dedicates their services. But still we
need more….

The Commission for Women and Family Affairs: It was created to supplement
and strengthen the role of Republic Act 7192, known as the “Women in
Development and Nation-Building Act”. It also insures active participation of
women and women’s organizations in development programs and projects. Part of
its functions is to develop and implement a comprehensive programme for women
and facilitates the integration and disadvantaged women into the mainstream of
society, provide income and employment opportunities, and coordinate various
activities and services such planned for the promotion of women and girls
included in the Development Budget for GAD in the Barangay. However the plan
is not implemented due to some resources made by DBM, Cebu City.
FINDINGS:
SITUATIONS BEFORE THE CEBU SOUTH RECLAMATION PROJECT/CEBU
SOUTH COASTAL ROAD PROJECT:
LIVELIHOOD:
Housekeeping
4%
Shell Gathering
2%
Fishing
Housekeeping
Shell Gathering
Fishing
94%
Fishing
45
Housekeeping
2
Shell Gathering
2
*Before the Cebu South Reclamation Project and Cebu South Coastal Road Project was
implemented, the residents of the places were these projects were instigated used to rely their
livelihood on the sea where they house nearby. Most of them go fishing and their catch was
divided for their own consumption and for vending. They lived a good life. Their livelihood,
daily income, shelter, and their future was still secure.
INCOME
P
P5 0-P
5
P1 1-P 0
01 10
P1 -P 0
51 15
P2 -P 0
01 20
P2 -P 0
51 25
P3 -P 0
01 30
P3 -P 0
51 35
P4 -P 0
01 40
P4 -P 0
4
P5 51- 50
01 P5
-P 00
1,
00
0
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Fishing
Shrimp
Gathering
Shell
Gathering
Net Fishing
Crab
Gathering
Rod Fishing
*The residents of Duljo-Fatima usually get a catch ranging from P50-P200 a day from the
sea especially from fishing and shell gathering. Some even get as high as P1,000 a day and a few
have stated to get more than that during peak seasons. They use some of their catch for food
while sell the rest for income.
EFFECTS OF THE CEBU SOUTH RECLAMATION PROJECT/CEBU SOUTH
COASTAL ROAD PROJECT
LIVELIHOOD
Not
Mentioned
13%
Fishing
39%
Fishing
Net Fishing
Jobless
19%
Stevedor/cargo
Handler
Carpenter
Net Fishing
17%
Selling
4%
Jobless
Shell
Gathering
2%
Fishing
18
Shell
Gathering
Selling
Net
Fishing
8
Stevedor/car
go Handler
Carpenter 2%
4%
Not Mentioned
Stevedor/Cargo Carpenter
Shell
Handler
Gathering
1
2
1
Selling
Jobless
2
9
Not
Mentioned
6
*When the projects CSRP/CSCRP was implemented, many residents have lost their
livelihood and others make do with what little was left of the sea and the shoreline that was
damaged by the projects. Some has even resorted to taking jobs they are not used to do just to be
able to sustain the daily needs of the family. Their little skills in jobs outside sea-related
livelihood has worked to their disadvantage because most who offer them prefer those with
experience and education. Other jobs also require money for application which they cannot
provide. Jobs like carpenting, hauling and selling is preferred even though they do not pay that
much.
INCOME
10
10
8
8
Number of
Respondents
6
4
3
2
0
0
P0
1
1
P50
1
P70
P100
2
Number of
Respondents
*The income of the respondents have dwindled from a sustaining P50-P200 to a little
income of P20-P100. This has made their lives unwell because at the time when the projects
were still not implemented they need not worry about food. All they had to spend for was other
necessities like clothes and electricity. They even had potable water back then. When the projects
arrived, they lost their means of livelihood and had to shift to other jobs for daily sustenance.
Their expenses have already included food and water. Little, and sometimes none, is left for
other necessities.
SAMPLE OF INCOME LOSS ON THE TOP THREE LIVELIHOOD OF BRGY.
DULJO-FATIMA:
600
500
400
before
CSRP/CSCRP
during
CSRP/CSCRP
300
200
100
0
Fishing
Net Fishing
Shell
Gathering
*A big gap can be observed in the graph shown of the income lost when the projects were
implemented. The blue line reflects the incomes of the residents in fishing, net fishing and shell
gathering before the implementation of the projects, while the purple line reflects the incomes of
the residents in the same livelihood when the projects was already implemented and is in
progress.
SHELTER/HOME
Not Mentioned
21%
Threat of Demolition
Not Mentioned
Threat of Demolition
79%
*In the six years that the projects were implemented, many residents have been placed in
the threat of demolition to give way for the projects. 79% of those interviewed and taken
affidavits have avowed and claimed to have been threatened to be demolished. The rest have not
stated whether they will be or whether they are aware of such demolitions to happen. Most of
these residents were born and grew up here and have no place to go when the time comes that
they will indeed be demolished. They have built their homes here and does not know any place
else they can call home. They have worked for years to build their home. Many have related that
it took them years to complete their homes and thousands of pesos to make it comfortable.
 Barangay Basak - San Nicolas
ORIGIN
“Basak San Nicolas” derived its name from the word ‘basakan’ meaning rice field and
San Nicolas was added because the barangay , before the division , was under the parish of San
Nicolas , a Catholic parochial jurisdiction.
The barangay is noted for its bolo and other native farming tools used in tilling lands.
It is also here where kinds of knives are made. The production of these wares and
implements is done with the use of charcoal as heater to melt the iron rod to form it into different
sizes. The blacksmiths are still visible in the vicinity pf the national highway near Cabreros and
Tabada Streets.
Looking at the closely knit rows of houses—both commercial and residential—one
could not imagine that not so long ago in these places the landscape shone with shimmering
sheen of golden grains. Year in and year out stretches and stretches of verdant rice fields cheer
the hearts of the farmer, thankful for the bounty that the good earth has obviously been generous.
The impact of modern civilization has changed all these. The fast-expanding district of
San Nicolas pushed towards Pardo. The rice fields had to go. The owners of the land felt that
they could earn more from the lease of their property for commercial and residential puposes. On
the rims of these rice paddies grew a barrio. It was named Basak from the word Basakan.
Barrio Basak during the last World War was one of the city’s suburbs where guirrella
agents operated with a greater sense of security because the inhabitants helped them to secure
intelligence data about the movements of the Japanese patrols and known Japanese spies. In
those dangerous times also people from neighboring islands preferred to the city by landing at
Alumnus, one of its sitios and Basak’s coastal market place.
Before, during, and after the war the barrio of Basak has always been noted for being
the place where plenty of bolos and knives were and continue to be manufactured. These Basakmade bladed instrument are not only sold in Cebu but are also exported to other provinces. The
sitio where these bolos smiths shops are congregated is aptly named Pandayan (place where
smiths gather.
Not far from the provincial highway is a gently rising area—between the road and the
hills—where modern residences are located. Among these respectable abodes are those of the
late Senator Vicente Rama, author of the special charter of Cebu City, and those of former
provincial governor Francisco B.F. Remotigue and incumbent governor Osmundo Rama. In the
same area located the GSIS ( Government Security Insurance Service) compound now
completely covered with residential bungalows of members of the GSIS. With the construction
of a city road from Punta Princsa to the Poblacion of Pardo, which gives impetus for realtors to
open subdivision lots along and nearby this newly-opened road, this portion of Basak will, in
time, become well-populated.
BARANGAY PROFILE
Population:
31,840
Budget:
3.9 million
Total Land Area: 14 hectares
FINDINGS
Livelihood
8
7
Panginhas
6
Panagat
5
4
3
2
1
0
Panimilya
Pamokot
Effects - Livelihood
2
Shellcraft
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
Security
Guard
Helper
Vendor
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
Driver
Effects - Health
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
Cough
Skin Disease
Effects: Before the Projects
Financial
Barangay Basak - San Nicolas
Daily Earnings before the Project
No. of Respondents
300
2
400
2
500
2
750
1
Total
7
Effects: After the Projects
Financial
Barangay Basak - San Nicolas
Daily Earnings due to the Project
No. of Respondents
50
1
80
1
100
2
120
1
150
1
200
1
Total
7
Effects
Financial
Barangay Basak - San Nicolas
Loss from Livelihood after six years
No. of affected respondents
648000
3
864000
2
1080000
1
1350000
1
Total
7
 Barangay Cogon – Pardo
ORIGIN
In contrast to the explanation of Pardo toward where the rice fields were (for which
reason the barrio was named Basak) here the direction of the burgeoning district was to be on
area literally carpeted by cogon grasses. These grasses neither planted nor cared f\or had also
their important uses. Many native huts used cogon for their roof and wall thatches. The cochero-king of the road at that time – had much use for these wild grasses. It was fedder for their horses.
When the growth of Pardo proper encroached toward the direction of these vast tracks of
cogon land, the grasses were gradually cleared away. The land was profitably leased for
residential purposes.
From the early times residents of the barrio have been farmers. However, although many
still are, a great number of people are engaged in various occupations. Sustaining although
intangible is a healthy and vigorous community spirit of the resident of the pace. The name of the
barrio came from cogon grasses which however are no longer there.
The barrio has three sitios: Tugas, because of a gigantic tugas tree which used to grow
there; Cogon – Ubos, the lower part of Cogon; and Imburnal, an where the covered portion of a
creek passes through.
BARANGAY PROFILE
Population::
9,170
Number of Sitios: 19
Budget:
1.3 million
Total Land Area: 98 hectares
FINDINGS:
Livelihood - Baragay Cogon - Pardo Area
25
Panginhas
Pano
20
Panagat
Panudsod
Panimilya
15
Pamasayan
Pamasol
10
Panikop
Pangimtim
Panglaya
5
0
Pamanday
Effects - Livelihood
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
Shellcraft
Helper
Dressmaker
Carpenter
Laudrywoman
Driver
1.5
1
0.5
0
Construction
Worker
Laborer
Effects - Health
7
Fever
6
Cough
5
Dengue
4
Skin
Disease
3
Running
Nose
2
Diarrhea
1
0
Effects - Education
8
Cogon Pardo
7
Laguna
6
Sapsapan
5
4
Little
Baguio
3
Sacred
Heart
Paradise
2
1
0
1
Effects
Financial
Barangay Cogon - Pardo Area
Daily Earnings before the Project
No. of Respondents
180
1
200
5
250
1
300
4
390
1
400
5
450
1
500
5
520
1
550
1
600
3
700
1
750
2
800
2
850
1
1000
1
1160
1
3020
1
Total
37
Effects
Financial
Barangay Cogon - Pardo Area
Everyday Earnings due to the Project
No. of Respondents
100
3
50
3
150
4
60
1
1000
1
200
2
30
2
80
1
20
3
130
1
150
1
Total
22
Effects
Financial
Barangay Cogon - Pardo Area
Loss from Livelihood after six years
No. of affected respondents
216000
1
388800
1
432000
5
486000
1
504000
1
540000
3
648000
4
765000
1
820000
1
842000
1
864000
4
972000
1
1080000
1
1138000
1
1188000
1
1296000
3
1620000
2
1728000
1
2505600
1
6566400
1
Total
35
 Barangay Basak – Pardo
ORIGIN
When Barangay ‘Basak’ was divided into two distinct political units, the south portion
which is under the jurisdiction of Pardo district was named Basak Pardo and the north district
which belongs to San Nicolas district was called Basak San Nicolas.
Today, Barangay Basak-Pardo considered themselves as the first barangay connected on
line with and E-Mail address in the internet.
basakpardo@barangay.net.ph
BARANGAY PROFILE
Population:
12,280 as of 1995
Number of Sitios: 28
Budget:
3.2 million
Total Land Area: 52 hectares
FINDINGS:
As shown in graph above and in table 3, the respodenents from the Basak –
Pardo area are mostly fishermen. Base on the interviews 54 respodents stated that their
main source of livelihood was “panagat” or fishing. This is followed by “panginhas” or
gleaning with 43. Most of the respondents involve themselves in various ways of
earning a living, most of them would go fishing, gleaning, and other means that are
totally dependent on the sea also. (Also Refer to table 3)
Table 3. Livelihood
Area : Basak – Pardo
Panginhas
Pano
Panagat
Pamahid
Panudsod
Panimilya
Pamasayan
Panaphig
Pamasol
Shellcraft
Panikop
Pang - alimango
Pamongsod
Pamano
Pamokot
Panubsob
Total
No. of Respondents
43
2
54
1
14
6
13
2
3
2
3
1
1
1
9
1
156
Effects - Liveliho
Table 4. Effects
8
Livelihood
7
6
Area : Basak - Pardo
Shellcraft
Ironing
Security Guard
Rosary - making
Mamotilya
Vendor
Carpenter
Laundrywoman
Driver
Construction Worker
Laborer
Farmer
Glass stroller
transferred to other
sites
street sweeper
market cleaner
Baker
Stone craft
Shoe Repair
Total
No. of Respondents
8
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
7
6
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
43
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
Shell craft
Rosary - making
Carpenter
Construction Worker
Glass stroller
Market cleaner
Shoe Repair
Ironing
Mamotilya
Laundrywoman
Laborer
Transferred
Baker
With the onset of the Cebu South
Reclamation Project or the Cebu South
Coastal Road Project, the residents in the Basak –Pardo area lost their means and source of
livelihood which is the sea. Base on the interviews conducted, majority of the respondents are
jobless, while the rest face unstable tenures. In the graph and in table 4, it is shown that 8 now
engage in shell crafts, 7 are now drivers, 6 became construction workers, while the rests are in
jobs that mainly depend on the availability of work. The respondents also stated in the interviews
that sometimes, if not most of the time – they have no jobs.
Effects - Health
Table 5. Effects
Health
30
Barangay Basak Pardo Areas
Fever
Asthma
Cough
Diarrhea
Skin Disease
Sore Eyes
Arthritis
Dengue
Bronchitis
Measles
Diarrhea with
Vomiting
High Blood
Total
25
No. of Affected
Respondents
19
3
26
4
6
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
66
20
15
10
5
0
Table and chart 5 shows the effects of
the project on the health of the respondents in the Basak – Pardo area. Majority of the
respondents have experienced coughs (26) and fevers (19) due to the construction of the project.
In the interviews, majority of them reasoned out that the cause was from the heavy dust that
came from the construction site that would come into their area due to the wind. Also due to the
stagnant sea water, garbage and other forms of wastes now settle in their shoreline or right under
their houses. This situation causes a very foul smell that the residents have to endure everyday.
While some of the respondents reported that their illnesses and diseases have now worsened.
Effects - Education
16
14
Tayud
Sto. Nino
12
10
Tabok Canal
8
All Seasons
6
Millennium
4
Tunob Lapok
2
0
Due to the loss of their source of their livelihood a total of 28 families had to force their
children to quit school. They reasoned out that they couldn’t support their children’s schooling
due to financial problems. The top three affected areas are Sitio Tayud re with 15 families,
followed
by
Sto.
Nino
with
6
and
Tabok
–
Canal
with
3.
Table 6. Effects
Education
Barangay Basak - Pardo Area
No. of Affected Residents
15
6
3
1
1
2
28
Tayud
Sto. Nino
Tabok - Canal
All - Seasons
Millenium
Tunob - Lapok
Total
Effects
Financial
Barangay Basak - Pardo Area
Everyday Earnings before the Project
No. of Respondents
100
2
150
1
200
12
250
2
260
1
300
27
350
1
370
1
400
14
420
1
450
2
500
17
550
1
600
6
700
4
800
2
900
1
950
1
1000
2
1200
1
1400
1
2370
1
Total
101
Effects
Financial
Barangay Basak - Pardo Area
Earnings due to the Project
No. of Respondents
20
1
40
2
50
6
60
3
70
4
80
6
90
1
100
14
120
3
150
4
160
1
200
6
220
2
300
4
400
1
500
1
600
1
1000
2
1200
1
Total
63
Effects
Financial
Barangay Basak - Pardo
Loss from Livelihood after six years
No. of affected respondents
108000
2
216000
2
270000
1
324000
1
432000
17
502800
1
540000
1
648000
26
657000
1
669000
1
756000
1
765000
1
799200
1
846000
2
864000
3
873000
1
907200
1
972000
1
1026000
1
1080000
11
1144000
1
1188000
1
1238400
3
1296000
3
1512000
3
1728000
2
1944000
1
2052000
1
2160000
1
2376000
1
2808000
1
6231000
1
Total
95
 Barangay Inayawan
ORIGIN:
Old folks have different versions on how their barangay got its present name. One
version cites that the atrocities of intruders which drove away the peaceloving residents. The
fleeting natives reach as far as Hawaii. Thus, the name “Inayawan” which means disliked.
(Barangay.net)
BARANGAY PROFILE
Geography:
Inayawan is the last barangay along the coastline of Cebu City’s southern district.
Adjacent to it is also the first coastal Barangay of Talisay City. With over a hundred hectares of
land area, Barangays Cogon-Pardo bound it in the north, Bulacao-Pardo in the west and coast in
the east. (SPAN’s document on The Social Costs of Such Less-Prioritized Projects)
Population:
The barangay has more or less 20,000 residents, with 9,000 as registered voters.
Budget allocation:
2.3 million Php
FINDINGS
SITUATION BEFORE CSCRP/CSRP
Residents of Sitio San Isidro Labrador and sitios nearby had secure means of livelihood
before the Cebu South Coastal Road Project (CSCRP) or Cebu South Reclamation Project
(CSRP) was constructed in 1997. They mostly relied on the sea for their livelihood (Figure 1)
and daily food to eat. The sea was once abundant and clean that residents had no problems in
fishing, seashell gathering and etc.
Inayawan's Means of Livelihood Before
CSCRP/CSRP
15
10
No. of Families
5
1314
Panagat
Figure
1
Panginhas
Pamukot
Pang-ubog
Panudsod
4 3 3
2 1 2 1 1
Pamaling
Panikop
Pamasayan
0
Pangisda
1
Pangsimilya
Kinds of Livelihood
Residents income ranges from P100-P500 daily. Some even earn higher than P500.
(Figure 2) With this money earned, they are able to send their children to school and buy their
daily needs.
Inayawan's Daily Income Before
CSCRP/CSRP
100 below
P100-P500
P501-P1,000
P1,000 above
Figure 2
The residents, before the said project was implemented, experienced good health except
for the occasional common cold. When encountering diseases, they also had the money to buy
required medicines.
These residents had once, security of their land and shelter.
EFFECTS
On Livelihood and Income. With the construction of Cebu South Coastal Road Project or Cebu
Reclamation Project, the residents of Barangay Inayawan could no longer rely on the sea to live.
Since the project has reclaimed much of the sea that they have long depended on, majority of the
respondents have lost their means of livelihood. As their source of income, they have resorted to
the shell craft business, “pamaid”, and collecting garbage in White Road Inayawan. For those
who retained their means of livelihood, their daily income has been greatly reduced. From an
income range of P100-P500, their daily income after the construction of the project ranges to
P100 and below. (Figure 3) A number of respondents have retained the amount of their daily
income, however, they have to fish at Tabok, Cordova (the adjacent island) where difficulty is
experienced since the fishermen had to rely on their “bugsay” to fish across.
Inayawan's Income After the Construction
of CSCRP/CSRP
0
3
P100 below
P100-P500
11
7
P501-P1,000
P1,000 above
Figure 3
Within the six (6) year construction of the project, the residents have also lost a six-year
income ranging from P100,000-P1,000,000. Some residents even lost a six year income as high
as more than P1,000,000.(Figure 4)
Inayawan's Lost Income Within 6 Years of
CSCRP/CSRP's Implementation
P1,000 less
No. of Families
20
15
10
5
0
P1,000P100,000
P100,000P1,000,000
P1,000,000
above
1
Lost Income Within 6 Years
Figure 4
On Health. The said project ha also ill-effects on the residents’ health. The residents experience
diseases resulting from the project’s damage on their surrounding environment. (Figure 5)
No. of Individuals
Diseases Experienced Due to CSCRP/CSRP
4
3
2
1
0
3
3
2
2
1
Cough
Fever
Asthma
Diarrhea
Others
Kinds of Diseases
Figure 5
The children mostly experience these diseases. The most common of these are frequent
fever and cough. One respondent even shared that due to the project’s effect on their
surroundings, his son almost died of dengue.
On the Children’s Education. Due to lack of income, children are forced to stop attending
school. They are then obliged to help their parents in the family’s means of livelihood. Others
help their parents in fishing, while others are employed in the shell craft business.
Respondents share that they had most difficulty in sending their children to school at the
early years of the project. Some of the families were able to cope with and adjust with their
situation, and were able to send their children back to school. But for those who were not able to
find other sources of income, their children were forced to stop for good. Most of the parents
share that their children are mostly high-school graduates.
On Security of Land Tenure. Due to the Metro Cebu Master Development Plan, residents of
Inayawan face the threat of demolition. The MCDP declares Barangay Inayawan as an Industrial
Area to give way to the Economic Zone to be built on the constructed CSRP. (According to the
residents)
Although no official notice of demolition has been issued to the barangay, they still have
no security of land tenure as their land is declared as an industrial zone and not a residential one.
THE BOHOL IRRIGATION PROJECTS Phase 1 and 2
(Malinao Dam Project and Bayongan Dam Project)
Data Gathered by the Mission:
Project General Profile
Project Costs: (BHIP 1)
(BHIP 2)
P 1.4
Billion (Malinao Dam) Loan
P 2.384 Billion (Bayongan Dam) Loan
Status:
Malinao Dam – finished December 1996 and in full
Consultants:
Features:
Source:
Target:
Actual service:
operation
Nippon Koei Co. Ltd. w/ TCGI & MIESCOR
20.4 M dam height x 846 M dam length
5.9 MCM reservoir capacity
non-gated bath tub typre of spillway
143 has water surface area
convergence of Wahig and Pamacsalan rivers
to benefit 4,960 has. (3,000 farmers)
Maximum Area Irrigated:
Y 2000 wet season – 3,300 has. (1,660 has short)
Dry season – 3,200 has. (1,750 has short)
Y 2001 wet season – 3,250 has (1,710 has short)
Dry season – 3,100 has. (1,860 has short)
Data source: Olimpio J. Galagala, Jr.
NIA Irrigation Superintendent II (Pilar)
Bayongan Dam – for implementation awaiting completion of
Consultants:
Features:
Source:
Target:
land acquisition stage (w/ Capayas Dam component which has
been completed as a grant)
Nippon Koei Co. Ltd. w/ DKII Engineers
35.5 M dam height x 855 M dam length
34.60 MCM reservoir capacity w/ 9.50 MCM dead
reservoir capacity
non-gated bath tub type of spillway
main – rain, + excess water from Malinao (?)
5,300 has (3,549 farmers)
History of Land Acquisition in the Bayongan Affected Areas
Ubay is located in the north-eastern part of the province 124 km. from the City of
Tagbilaran. This municipality has 20,755 has. of land and is second to Tagbilaran in terms of
land area and population.
Vast of lands here were once owned by big landowners like Reyes and Beduya in the
early part of 1900. Estates were owned by the Ong family and Borromeo-Alvarez family. The
land owned by the government were converted into cattle ranches and a big portion is now the
Ubay Stock Farm.
These big lands were tilled mainly by tenants and farm workers. Even if these lands
produced various products such as rice, coconuts, corn, fruits and root crops, the produce were
still not enough to alleviate the farmer-tillers’ economic situation as tenants. This situation
pushed the farmer-tillers to struggle for the land they tilled. In the early part of 1960s, the
farmer-tillers “occupied” the Beduya Estate and the Borromeo Estate.
Under Presidential Decree No. 27 (under the Marcos regime) and the Comprehensive
Agrarian Reform Program (under Aquino), the government awarded the lands of Beduya Estate
and Borromeo Estate to the tenants.
The Irrigation Concept
In 1972, the Bohol Integrated Area Development Project (BIADP) was conceived which
targeted Ubay to become the “rice granary” of Central Visayas region and for this plan to be
realized, this north-eastern part of the province should irrigate at least 10,000 has of agricultural
land to produce rice.
Thus, in 1980-1982 a study was conducted by JICA and in 1984, the feasibility study was
completed. The construction of Malinao Dam (BHIP 1) started in 1988. Right after its
completion in 1996, the effort to build BHIP 2 then started. Now, Bayongan Dam is waiting its
full implementation.
The Effects of These Dam Projects as Documented by the International Fact
Finding Mission

For the Malinao Dam Project (BHIP 1)
 Despite the convergence of big river sources – the Wahig and Pamacsalan rivers – the
flop of BHIP 1 or Malinao Dam Project can be manifested in its failure to hit the target
of giving service to 4,960 has. of land, in fact it has a short of at least 1,960 has.
 These at least 1,960 has. were once rich agricultural lands, and “flattened” or “levelled
down” in a loan agreement just to accommodate the rice land conversion plan, and now,
these lands remain unproductive in a period of seven years;
 The mission affirmed the list of 25 farmers (see Annex ___), owning and tilling the
documented more or less 48 has. affected by the land “levelling” in Brgy. Malitbog but
see the needs for the government to produce the list of the undocumented 1,900+ has. of
land being levelled down within the BHIP 1 service areas which include the munipalities
of Pilar, Alicia, San Miguel, Dagohoy and Ubay;
 The structural design of a non-gated spillway type is one of the visible causes of the
failure which can not maximize the remaining water in the reservoir area;
 The need for the government to investigate the effects of the siltation in the Malinao Dam
area which hinder (or divert) the flow of the rivers of Wahig and Pamacsalan;
 The mission affirms the testimonies of the dam beneficiaries that they have the same
production before and after the dam because they are enjoying the same rain that fed their
farms, and therefore the dam construction has no significant role in the rice production.
It is in this context that the dam rental of 300 sacks of palay/ hectare/year is unjust and
short be reformulated in favor of the farmers as what the project aspired for;
 For the BHIP 2 or Bayongan Dam Project
 The mission saw the hitch in the feasibility study of the Bayongan Dam Project that
draws the big question of how it can serve the targetted 5,300 has. with the main source
of rain water, and the excess of the Malinao Dam given that Malinao Dam failed to serve
its target of 4,960 has service area;
 The mission affirms the data that there are still 40% of the total 356 landowners in the
submerged area who are not given payments of the land and the more of less 45 tenants
tilling these lands dislocated.
 The mission affirms the demand of the tenants and landowners of the “submerged” area
to be fully relocated and indemnified by the disturbance and dislocation the project has
caused to them. Please take note these landowners has acquired these lots through a long
history of land struggle and therefore they are to be justly compensated. Land acquisition
of the project should look into this and refrain from “legal landgrabbing” through the
implementation of the Bayongan Dam project;
 Not only for Malinao Dam, the mission saw the need for the governmnet to investigate
and produce the list of the undocumented lots “levelled down” in the Capayas service
area which for years have not benefitted water from the dam;
 The need to indemnify the landowners whose farm lots had been affected because of the
unjust stoppage of the irrigation system or denying water from the Capayas Dam;
RESOLUTIONS
AND
RECOMMENDATION
APPENDIX
Appendix 1
CONFERENCE DECLARATION
OF THE AFFECTED COMMUNITIES OF THE
JAPAN-OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE (ODA)-FUNDED PROJECTS
IN CENTRAL VISAYAS (CEBU AND BOHOL)
We, 100 official delegates, and representatives of the five non-government orgaizations
(NGOs) supporting this conference, coming from the communities of Barngays Ermita, Pasil,
Suba, Sawang-Calero, Duljo-Fatima, Alaska Mambaling, Basak San Nicolas, Cogon Pardo, and
Inayawan in the City of Cebu; Tanque, San Roque and Lawa-an of the City of Talisay; Los
Angeles and Buenavista in Ubay; Bayongan, Sto. Niño, Camanaga in San Miguel; La Suerte in
Pilar, Malitbog in Daguhoy and Katipunan in Alicia of the Province of Bohol.
We have gathered here in Cebu on April 29-30, 2003 to share and discuss the following
concerns:

Our experiences and situations on how we are affected because of the construction of the
Cebu South Reclamation Project, Cebu South Coastal Road Project, Bohol Irrigation
Project Stage I and Bohol Irrigation Project Stage II;

Our stand on the true meaning of development, opposite from the concept of
development espoused by the ODA-funded projects of Japan;

Our way of recognizing our cooperation and efforts in working to reach the genuine
development that is for us and not for the foreign capitalists.
From the start, we were not consulted on the vision, mission and operation, and the
effects of the implementation of the said projects, when in fact we are the most affected.
As the project was implemented and operated, everything are grabbed from us --our
lands, or livelihood, our homes and peaceful co-existence, our health, our clean environment, and
the future of our children’s children.
The history of our struggle reveals our effort in doing everything in our capacity to reach
the local and national agencies and authorities in the Philippine government, to the contractors of
the projects, and to the Japanese authorities, especially the Japan Bank for International
Cooperation (JBIC), the sufferings and difficulties that we are experiencing from the
implementation of the said projects.
Our complaints and grievances were answered and addressed with very scanty and
deceptive projects such as loans and meager funds that were tied to agreements only the
government know and authored.
That this conference recognizes our basic rights to shelter and livelihood as the affected
party, and affirms our unified stand as communities affected by the Cebu South Reclamation
Project, Cebu Souht Coastal Road Project and Bohol Irrigation Project Stage I and Stage II.
This conference recognizes the importance of OUR DEMANDS as follows:
 From the affected communities of the Cebu South Reclamation Project (CSRP)
and Cebu South Coastal Road Project (CSCRP):
I. Assurance that no demolition will take place in the affected barangays
which might dislocate our homes and livelihood; and relocation of the
houses already destroyed;
II. Rightful indemnification of the livelihood lost as a result of the
implementation of the projects;
III. Carrying out of the unimplemented responsibilities of the governments of
Cebu City and Japan due to the affected residents such as:
 Basic services on health (personnel, medicines, clinics, etc…)
 Safe water systems
 Safe and working drainage system, and restoration of the drainage
system in exchange of those that were damaged by the
implementation of the project
 Regular collection of garbage and distribution of trash cans
 Free education for the children and the youth
 Employment for the uneducated
IV. Just compensation for the lands expropriated because of the implementation
of CSCRP.
 From the affected communities of the Bohol Irrigation Project-Stage I (BHIP-I)
and Bohol Irrigation Project-Stage II (BHIP-II):
I. Lowering of the unreasonable irrigation rental from 300 kilos/ hectare/year
to 150 kilos/hectare/year;
II. Removing of the unreasonable conditions that worsened the situations of the
farmers such as the cutting of the irrigation system if the farmers are unable
to pay for reasons beyond their control; and indemnification of the farmers
whose land have been denied water of the Capayas dam;
III. Rightful indemnification of lands that have been leveled down in the
Malinao and Capayas dam areas, which until now have not been served with
water from the promised irrigation system and stand idle and unproductive;
IV. Repeal the the Memorandum of Agreement between NIA and the
contractors with the farmers regarding the rental of the bulldozers that have
been used to level down as mentioned in part III above;
V. “No start of operation” in building any structure of the Bayongan Reservoir
Dam, its Main Canal, and Sub-lateral Canals, unless the demands of the
affected communities of BHIP Stage I and Capayas Dams will be addressed
and answered;
VI. “Balik-tikad” (go back to till the lands) and “balik-puyo” (go back to dwell)
policy of the affected communities if the government fails to provide lands
for tilling to the affected farmers;
VII. Rightful indemnification for the affected tenants of the Bayongan Reservoir
Dam Project;
VIII. Implementation of the MOA between the National Irrigation Administration
(NIA) and the farmers regarding the latter’s priority employment;
IX. Implementation of the agreed facilities and relocation sites in Los Angels
that until now have not been provided for, such as potable water, roads, etc.,
The dreams, visions and actions of the people affected by the projects funded by Official
Development Assistance- Japan is embodied in this declaration. May this serve as our
guide in all our actions.
Delegate Organizations and signatures of their representatives:
CEBU:
(Signed)
Panaghugpong Alang sa Sanag nga Ugma sa Lumulupyo
(Signed)
Solid Pagatpat Homeowners Association
(Signed)
Panaghugpong sa mga Mananagat sa Dakbayan sa Sugbo
(Signed)
Integrated Sagip-Dagat Association
TALISAY
(Signed)
Salvador Bantay Dagat Association
(Signed)
Anak-Dagat
(Signed)
Panaghiusa sa Kabus Sa Dakbayan sa Talisay
(Signed)
Daughters of Mary Escolapias
BOHOL
(Signed)
Alisyahanong Kahugpungang Mag-uuma
(Signed)
Aliyansa sa mag Mag-uumang Benepisyaryo sa Pilar Dam
(Signed)
Nagkahiusang Lumulupyo nga Apektado sa Bayongan Dam
(Signed)
Bulilis Main Canal ann Lateral Association
(Signed)
Hugpong sa Mag-uumang Bol-anon
(Signed)
Lumulupyong Apektado sa Bayongan Dam Main Canal
Appendix ____
LIST OF FARMER-OWNERS AND TILLERS WHOSE PARCEL OF LAND WERE
BULLDOZED BUT FAILED TO BENEFIT FROM THE IRRIGATION OF BHIP I
(MALINAO/WAHIG-PAMACSALAN DAM)
Malitbog, Dagohoy, Bohol
Farmer-Owners and Tillers
Lot Size
(ha.)
Plants before the land was
bulldozed
3.0
1.0
2.0
corn, cassava,sweet potato
Cassava, sweet potato, corn
Gmelina, bamboo, corn, sweet
potato
Coconut, cassava, sweet potato
Corn, cassava, coconut
Coconut, corn, cassava
cassava, sweet potato, banana
Corn, cassava, banana, sweet potato
corn, sweet potato, cassava, banana
Corn, sweet potato
cassava, corn, sweet potato
Rice , sweet potato, cassava
coconut, cassava, sweet potato, corn
Corn, sweet potato, cassava, banana
corn, cassava, sweet potato
Cassava, corn, sweet potato, peanuts
rice, corn, sweet potato, cassava,
banana
Cassava, sweet potato, corn,
coconut, gmelina
corn,cassava,banana, coconut, sweet
potato, peanut
cassava, sweet potato
Cassava,, sweet potato,corn, banana,
coconut
cassava,sweet potato, corn, coconut,
banana, mahogany
Coconut, cassava, corn, sweet
potato, corn
rice,corn, cassava, sweet potato
rice, corn, cassava, sweet potato
corn, sweet potato, cassava, banana
Sweet potato, corn, cassava
Corn, sweet potato
1)
2)
3)
Alfonso R. Albit
Edilberto H. Planos
Loreta P. Juaton
4)
Felix B. Malabuti
5)
6)
7)
8)
Florencia B. Colarte
Vicente A. Bagasina
Rogelio Malabuti
Julieta M. Albit
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
Cipriano Colarte
Apolinario M. Lanoy
Tiburcio Planos
Panfilo P. Planos
Restituto B. Maluenda
Vicente Malabuti
3.0
1.0
1.5
1.5
3.5
1.0
0.8
3.0*
2.0
1.0
1.0
3.0*
1.0*
3.0
15)
Eulalia J. Flores
2.0*
16)
Josefina U. Cadenas
6.0
17)
18)
Cirila A. Bagasina
Tita B. Pagampang
0.5
1.5
19)
Mamerto B. Malabuti
2.0*
20)
Abundio S. Planos
1.0
21)
Lydia Precioso Colarte
22)
Vicente L. Colarte
23)
Edilberto H. Planos
24)
Francisco P. Piodos Jr.
25)
Panfilo P. Planos
Total 25 farmers
1.0 +
1.0 +
1.0
0.25
0.25
48.8 + has
Estimated
Amount of
Damages
168,000.00
317,800.00
236,250.00
207,200.00
162,050.00
344,400.00
379,500.00
893,250.00
315,000.00
22,680.00
168,000.00
350,000.00
159,400.00
315,000.00
168,000.00
210,000.00
840,000.00
297,570.00
1,132,950.00
199,500.00
540,900.00
561,700.00
1,006,600.00
183,250.00
56,140.00
317,800.00
79,450.00
22,680.00
9,655,070.00
Appendix _____
Bhip2
LIST OF DOCUMENTED CLAIMANT-TENANTS
DISLODGED FROM THE LAND THEY TILL DUE TO
BOHOL IRRIGATION PROJECT-STAGE II
(BAYONGAN RESERVOIR DAM)
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
CLAIMANT-TENANTS
Ricardo Nangkil
Francisco Austral
Conrado Ceballos
Anastacio Pesodas
Lilia Saluberes
Danilo Alaba
Ricardo Narisma
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
15)
16)
17)
18)
19)
20)
21)
22)
23)
24)
25)
26)
27)
28)
29)
30)
31)
32)
33)
34)
35)
36)
37)
38)
39)
40)
41)
Nerio Felisilda
Concordia Nuez
Edmund T. Alculas
Estrella C. Cuizon
Junny E. Saavedra
Sulpicio Saluberes
Feliciano Bontog
Gaudencio Simbajon
Tomas N.Orevillo
Francisca Safuente
Saturnino Talatayud
Fortunata de la Pena
Leopoldo Pondavilla
Jaime Salomon
Maximiano Dumanayos
Marlou Espina
Jesus de la Serna
Joseph Cruda
Monico Geneta
Alberto Safuentes
Vito Golosino
Lizelita Caballos Azul
Feliciano Bontog
Agustin Golosino
Teodoro Curiba
Desiderio Geneta
Deogracias Palma
Sulpicio Saluberes
Silvino Butlig
Dante Aparece
Anecito Simbajon
Guillermo Carnice
Silvino Maboloc
Sofia Vizboda
LANDOWNERS
Desiderio Curiba
Desiderio Curiba
Paramon Guadalquiver
Demetrio Carnice Jr.
Francisca Perez
Cirilo Cambangay
Late Tomas Curiba rep:Quirino Curiba
Rodrigo Curiba
Desiderio Curiba
Felicisimo Quesora
Loreto Curiba
Loreto Curiba
Pascuala Espina
Eugenia Japos
Pedro Carnice
Rodrigo Curiba
Crisanta Japos
Demetrio Carnice Jr.
Desiderio Curiba
Teotimo Tenio
Lucia Pondavilla
Eufrosina Lascuna & Vevencio Lascuna
Juan Grepo
Juan Grepo
Andres Curiba
Fructusa Cutillas
Demetrio Carnice Jr.
Demetrio Carnice Jr.
Ireneo Curiba
Salome Genita
Carmen Guadalquiver
Juan Grepo
Conchita Talatayud
Roman Genita
Canuto Genita
Eugenia Japos
Gaudencio Simbajon
Ramon Rendon
Placido Curiba
Ireneo Curiba
Maria Rendon
Maria Rendon
ANNEXES
maps
PICTORIALS