MCB101 Introductory Microbiology Lab Practice Exam – 2 Fall 2013 ANNOUNCEMENT Exam – 2 for MCB101 will be given at 9 – 9:50 AM, Friday, Nov. 8, 2013 Place: 180 BEV (sections A,B,C,D) 100 GH (sections E,F,G,H) Exam covers experiments 9 – 14. If you need to take the conflict exam, contact Dr. Chapman no later than 5 PM Tuesday, Nov. 5. The conflict exam will be given at 5 PM on Thursday, 11/7/13, in room 242 Burrill Hall. PRACTICE EXAM For each question choose the one best answer. Multiple Choice 1) Which one of the following statements about carbohydrate fermentation tests is false? A. B. C. D. Bacteria that obtain energy by breaking down amino acids excrete basic wastes. Bacteria that grow by fermenting a sugar usually excrete some acidic waste product. In MCB 101, the carbohydrate fermentation broth we use contains a Durham tube. In MCB 101, the carbohydrate fermentation broth we use contains the pH indicator dye brom-thymol blue. E. If the bacterium cannot use the sugar in the carbohydrate fermentation broth, they can’t grow in that medium. 2) What substance(s) in lactose fermentation broth can act as a carbon source? A. B. C. D. E. The only source for carbon in lactose fermentation broth is lactose. There are two carbon sources in lactose fermentation broth, lactose and glucose. There are two carbon sources in lactose fermentation broth, lactose and amino acids. There are three carbon sources in this broth, lactose, ammonium sulfate and vitamins. The carbon source in lactose fermentation broth is carbon dioxide. 3) Which one of the following statements best describes the appearance of a reliable positive result for a carbohydrate fermentation test. A. B. C. D. E. The medium has turned red. The medium is cloudy and yellow. The medium is clear and does not change color. The medium is cloudy and greenish-blue. No bubble appears in the Durham tube. 4) A positive result for the catalase test is the appearance of bubbles of oxygen when a reagent is placed on the bacterial smear. What is the reagent used in the catalase test? A. methyl red D. hydrogen peroxide B. hydrogen sulfide E. acidified iron chloride C. Kovac’s reagent 5) In any bacterial identification scheme, which one of the following procedures must be done before doing biochemical tests? A. B. C. D. E. Prepare a Gram stain of the bacteria. Obtain a pure culture of the bacteria. Incubate a plate of L-agar at 37 degrees C. Examine the bacteria with a microscope. Grow the bacteria on PEA agar. 6) Kligler’s iron agar is used to test for the presence of the enzyme cysteine desulfhydrase, which catalyzes the breakdown of cysteine. What product of this reaction reacts with the iron that is in the agar, to produce the black precipitate that is the sign of a positive test? A. ammonia D. various acids B. pyruvate E. carbon dioxide C. hydrogen sulfide 7) One of the biochemical tests we used to identify bacteria checks for the synthesis of the enzyme phenylalanine deaminase. This enzyme causes phenylalanine to break down to form phenylpyruvate + _______________. A. ammonia D. various acids B. pyruvate E. carbon dioxide C. hydrogen sulfide 8) When the amino acid lysine is broken down by lysine decarboxylase, ______________ is formed and the medium turns ______________. A. cadaverine, purple D. ammonia, blue B. putresine, yellow E. 2-3 butanediol, does not change C. citrate, green 9) The Methyl Red test is used to check for the production of: A. tryptophanase. C. citric acid. E. starch. B. acetoin and 2,3-butanediol from glucose. D. large quantities of acid from fermentation of glucose. 10) Indole is made from: A. a sugar, lactose. B. an amino acid, phenylalanine. C. an amino acid, tryptophan. D. an amino acid, lysine. D. a Krebs cycle intermediate, citrate. 11) The Vogues Proskaur test uses the same type of medium as the __________ test. A. indole B. methyl red D. phenylalanine deaminase E. amylase C. lysine decarboxylase 12) The Voges-Proskauer test shows if a bacterium can produce _____________. A. pyruvate from cysteine B. a mix of organic acids from glucose C. cadaverine D. phenylpyruvate from phenylalanine E. 2,3-butanediol as a fermentation waste product 13) Bacteria in the genus Staphylococcus are Gram positive spheres or cocci. Bacteria in the genus Streptococcus are Gram positive cocci too. Which one of the following biochemical tests is the best way to tell the difference between Streptococcus and Staphylococcus? A. phenylalanine deaminase test C. hydrogen sulfide production E. indole test B. methyl red test D. catalase test 14) Serial Dilution: The Final Dilution Factor In a three step serial dilution: the first dilution is 1/10, the second dilution is 1/5, the third dilution is 1/4. What is the total dilution factor of this three step serial dilution procedure? A. 0.05 B. 0.005 C. 1/19 D. 19 E. 200 15) Which one of the following bacteria is the best fit to this description? It is purple in the Gram stain. The cells are shaped like little round balls. The cells are arranged in chains. It is negative for the catalase test. The normal habitat for this bacterium is the mammalian large intestine. A. Bacillus subtilis B. Enterococcus faecium D. Pseudomonas aeruginosa E. Staphylococcus aureus C. Escherichia coli 16) If a viable plate count of a 0.1 ml sample yields 210 colonies and the dilution factor was 104, what was the concentration of cells in the original sample? A. 2.1 x 104 cells/ml D. 210 x 104 cells/ml B. 2.1 x 106 cells/ml E. 210,000 cells/ml C. 2.1 x 107 cells/ml 17) A bacterial culture is started with 60,000 cells and is allowed to grow for 30 generations. Determine the final number of cells in the culture. A. 1.80 x 105 D. 1.20 x 1035 B. 6.44 x 1013 E. 6.44 x 1036 C. 6.00 x 1034 Questions 18 and 19 refer to the information given in this table. 18) You are attempting to identify an unknown enteric bacterium that is one of the 12 species shown in the biochemical test key that is given above. Your unknown bacterium is positive for the Voges-Proskauer test and positive for lactose fermentation. Which one of the following tests would allow you to unambiguously determine the identity of the unknown? A. arabinose fermentation D. dulcitol fermentation B. indole test E. esculin hydrolysis C. urease test 19) You are attempting to identify an unknown enteric bacterium that is one of the 12 species shown in the biochemical test key that is given above. Your unknown bacterium is positive for dulcitol fermentation, negative for raffinose fermentation and positive for Simmon’s citrate. Which one of the following would you expect to be true? A. Your unknown is positive for the indole test. B. Your unknown produces a black precipitate in Kligler’s iron agar. C. Your unknown is Citrobacter freundii. D. Your unknown is positive for lactose fermentation. E. Your unknown can create a clear zone around the area of growth on egg yolk agar. 20) What is the generation time for the bacteria depicted in this growth curve? A. 30 minutes B. 60 minutes C. 90 minutes D. 5.5 hours E. 7 hours 21) For the growth curve depicted below, the bacterial culture called ________ grows the fastest while the bacterial culture called ________ shows the greatest number of doublings during the experiment. A. P, P B. P, S C. S, S D. S, P 22) Which one of the following statement about bacterial growth in broth culture is false? A. After inoculating the broth, there may be a delay before you begin to see growth. B. Calculations of the growth rate require data from the exponential phase. C. A shorter generation time equals a faster growth rate. D. The generation time is the time it takes for the bacterial population to double. E. The bacterial population is at its’ maximum density during the middle of the log phase. 23) What is diaminopimelic acid? A. B. C. D. E. an antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall biosynthesis an antibiotic that inhibits bacterial ribosomes an unusual amino acid found in the peptidoglycan of some Gram negative bacteria a bright red pigment that is seen in Serratia marcescens a vitamin that is found in L-agar 24) In a pRL27 transformation experiment such as the one we performed in MCB101, a student got the following results: colonies on L-agar + kanamycin: at a dilution of 10-1 , the number of colonies = 100 colonies on L-agar: at a dilution of 10-7 , the number of colonies = 50 Given the above data, what is the transformation efficiency? A. 2 x 10-5 B. 2 x 10-6 C. 2 x 10-8 D. 5 x 10-5 E. 5 x 105 25) Which one of the following statements about a pRL27 transformation experiment such as the one we did in MCB101 is false? A. The plasmid pRL27 can’t be replicated in many strains of bacteria, including Serratia marcescens DI. B. The plasmid pRL27 contains a gene that makes the host cell resistant to kanamycin. C. The antibiotic resistance gene on pRL27 is located on a transposable element. D. The recipient strain gains the plasmid pRL27 and becomes a donor strain that can pass the plasmid on to other cells by conjugation. E. The strain that acts as a donor for the plasmid pRL27 is an auxotrophic mutant of Esherichia coli. For each of the following tests describe: the purpose of the test, reagents used, and the appearance of a positive and negative result. Gram Stain Catalase Test Methyl Red Indole Test Lactose Fermentation Test Lysine Decarboxylase Simmon’s Citrate Agar Phenylalanine Deaminase Test O-F Glucose Test Voges-Proskauer Test Kligler’s Test Urease Test MCB101 Microbiology Exam – 2 Answer Key 1) __ E ___ 8) ___ A ___ 15) ___ B ___ 22) ___ E __ 2) __ C ___ 9) ___ D ___ 16) ___ C ___ 23) ___ C __ 3) __ B ___ 10) ___ C ___ 17) ___ B ___ 24) ___ B __ 4) __ D ___ 11) ___ B ___ 18) ___ C ___ 25) ___ D __ 5) __ B ___ 12) ___ E ___ 19) ___ B ___ 6) __ C ___ 13) ___ D ___ 20) ___ C ___ 7) __ A ___ 14) ___ E ___ 21) ___ B ___