HOMEOSTASIS AND TRANSPORT STUDY GUIDE
1. A type of transport in which water moves across and down its concentration gradient is called
______________________________________.
2. Net movement of water across a cell membrane occurs from a ___________________ solution to a
________________________ solution.
3. A _____________________ ___________________ only allows certain molecules to pass
thorough.
4. A __________________________ _____________________ is the concentration difference
across space.
5. A structure that can move excess water out of a unicellular organism is a
__________________________ ______________________.
6. The movement of some substances, without any input of energy by the cell, is called
________________________ ________________________.
7. The process of diffusion requires________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________.
8. If the molecular concentration of a substance is the same throughout space, the substance is in
________________.
9. All forms of passive transport depend on the ___________________ ________________ of
molecules.
10. The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration is called ______________________________.
11. Sodium-potassium pumps move ___________________ ions _______________ of the cell and
___________________________ ions ___________________ the cell. This causes the inside of the
cell to have what type of charge? __________________________.
12. Most of the time, the environment that plant cells live in is ________________________.
13. Plasmolysis of a human red blood cell would occur if the cell were in a(n)
____________________________ ____________________________.
14. The bursting of cells is called ____________________.
15. The pressure that water molecules exert against a cell wall is called ___________________
______________.
16. A membrane bound organelle used in endocytosis is called a _______________________.
17. A relatively high solute concentration is called _____________________________.
18. The uptake of large particles is called______________.
19. The shrinking of cells is called _____________________________________.
20. A relatively low solute concentration is called ___________________________.
21. The uptake of solutes or fluids is called ________________________________.
22. Molecules always diffuse ___________________ their concentration gradient.
23. The diffusion of water across a membrane is called __________________________.
24. In an ________________________ _____________________ the concentration of solutes
outside and inside the cell are equal.
25. Transport that requires the cell to expend energy is called _____________________
__________________.
26. Which type of molecule forms a bilayer within a cell membrane?
__________________________________
27. Most food and wastes materials that move into and out of a cell go through
____________________________ ________________________________.
28. Glucose molecules cross the cell membrane by means of ______________________________
______________.
29. Ridding the cell of material by discharging it from sacs (vessicles) at the cell surface is called
________________
30. Molecules that are too large to be moved across a cell membrane can be removed from the cell by
________________________________________________
31. A substance that dissolves in another substance is called a (n)
_________________________________________.
32. The diffusion of ___________________________ through the cell membranes is called osmosis.
33. When water enters the cell, it creates pressure. This pressure is called
_____________________________
34. A cell does not expend __________________________ when diffusion takes place.
35. __________________________ is the most common solvent in cells.
36. A cell membrane is said to be _______________________________________ permeable
because it allows the passage of some solutes and not others.
37. Facilitated diffusion and active transport are two types of ________________________________
transport.
38. __________________________ _______________________________ allows a cell to stockpile
substances in far greater concentrations that they occur outside the cell.
39. Active transport systems are a form of cell transport that requires energy from molecules of
_______________________________________________
40. The process in which an amoeba engulfs its prey and takes it in is known as
________________________________________________
For each of the following, Identify the transport type:
a) A cell membrane encloses and takes in a droplet of fluid.______________________________
b) Carrier proteins use energy and act as a pump to move nutrients into a root cell.
____________________________________________ c) Carrier proteins take sugar (glucose)
into a cell without requiring energy input. ____________________________________________ d) Water diffuses across a cell membrane from a region of high concentration to a region of low
concentration. _______________________________________ e) Mucus and waste products
packaged by Golgi apparatus are secreted by a cell. ________________________________________
f) A cell membrane encloses and takes in food particles. ________________________________
Homeostasis and Transport, and Answer the questions below as completely and as thoroughly as
possible. Answer the question in essay form (not outline form), using complete sentences. You may
use diagrams to supplement your answers, but a diagram alone without appropriate discussion is
inadequate. See me if you need Help, Have Problems or Questions or To Check Your Answers.
1. Name and Describe Three types of passive transport AND Three types of active transport.
2. How do ions cross the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane?
3. Toward what condition does diffusion eventually lead, in the absence of other influences?
4. Explain the difference between pinocytosis and phagocytosis.
5. What is the fundamental difference between carrier proteins that participate in facilitated diffusion
and carrier proteins that function as pumps.
6. Explain the difference between passive transport and active transport.
7. Describe what would happen to the molecules in a drop of ink dropped into a beaker of water.
What is this process called?
8. What would happen to a freshwater unicellular organism if its contractile vacuole stopped
functioning? Explain your answer.
9. How is osmosis related to diffusion?
10. Contrast endocytosis with exocytosis.
11. Define a hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic solution.
12. Describe the action of the sodium-potassium pump.
13. Three red blood cells are placed in hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions. Compare the
behavior of the three cells. Explain your answer on the basis of concentration gradients,
diffusion, and give the name of the effects.
14. Describe the structure, composition, and function of the cell membrane.