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Reference: A Introductory Medical-Surgical Nursing, 8th Edition p. 522-540
Adult Health Nursing, 4th Edition
Student Study Assignment: Adult Health Nursing, 4th Edition, p 258-266
Terminal Learning Objective: Given a patient with anemia provide safe and effective
care
Enabling Learning Objectives:
A. Describe the etiology/pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and medical
management of patients with anemia.
B. Identify five types of anemia in terms of etiology/pathophysiology, clinical
manifestations, assessment, diagnosis, medical management.
C. Identify facts related to the etiology/pathophysiology, clinical manifestations,
assessment, diagnosis, and medical management of patient with polycythemia
D. Identify cultural beliefs of Jehovah's Witnesses regarding blood transfusion and legal
implications.
E. Discuss the nursing process for a patient with anemia.
1. Define Anemia ________________________________________.
2. List ASSESSMENTS for five types of anemias? (signs and symptoms)
HYPERVOLEMIC
PERNICIOUS
APLASTIC
SUBJECTIVE
OBJECTIVE
3. What causes each type of anemia?
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IRON DEFICIENCY
SICKLED CELL
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4. Name the blood components below.
5. Decreased RBC, _______, and hematocrit results from __________ in
hypovolemic anemia?
6. What are some causes of internal or external hemorrhage?
7. List six signs and symptoms of hypovolemic anemia?
8. How is hypovolemic anemia diagnosed?
9. What are the goals of medical therapy in hypovolemic anemia?
10. Write the nursing interventions needed for a patient with hypovolemic
anemia.
11. What is needed for growth and maturation of all body cells?__________.
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12. What is the pathophysiology of pernicious anemia?
13. How is pernicious anemia diagnosed?
14. Medical therapy for Pernicious Anemia includes what measures?
15. What nursing interventions would you include for a patient with pernicious
anemia?
Match the following:
___a. Aids in diagnosis of Pernicious Anemia
___b. A decreased level in RBCs in Fe Deficiency Anemia
___c. Sometimes life long replacement of this is needed
___d.One objective sign of Hypovolemic Anemia
___e. Deficiency leaves erythrocytes fragile
___f. Many large immature red blood cells
___g. Best absorbed in an acidic environment
___h. This disease contraindicates iron supplements
___i. Increased circulating erythrocytes, granulocytes, hemoglobin and platelets
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
Aplasia
Vitamin B12
Iron
Peptic Ulcer
Pernicious anemia
Schillings Test
Polycythemia
Hypotension
17. Indicate if statements are True or False
a. All clinical manifestations of hypovolemic anemia are the same for every
patient.
T or F
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b. A nursing intervention in hypovolemic anemia is to prevent injury to
patients.
T or F
c. Loss blood leads to decreased oxygen capacity and poor tissue
oxygenation.
T or F
d. Goals of medical therapy in Hypovolemic Anemia are to control
hemorrhage and monitor oxygenation.
T or F
e. Schillings test measures the absorption of radioactive Vit B 12 before and
after parenteral injection of the intrinsic factor by measurement of the
urinary excretion of Vit B 12.
T or F
f. Homologous blood transfusions are acceptable to Jehovah’s Witnesses.
T or F
g. Sickled cells have difficulty carrying oxygen.
T or F
h. Multiorgan involvement in polycythemia is caused by hypervolemic and
hyperviscosity of the blood.
T or F
18. Patients with polycythemia are predisposed to what complication?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Fever
Slight jaundiced
Constipation after each meal
Infarctions of vital organs
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ANEMIA PUZZLE
(Answer ID # 0797933)
Complete the puzzle.
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1
8
3
2
6
4
10
5
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11
12
9
Down
1. condition characterized by fatigue
Across
3. organ in which many red blood
cells are destroyed
2. type of anemia where there is a
decrease quantity of blood
6. organ in which erythropoietin is
made
3. laboratory test for diagnosing
pernicious anemia
7. most common clinical
manifestation in iron deficiency
anemia
4. Vit C enhances its absorption
5. major symptom in a sickling crisis
8. this factor in necessary for the
absorption of Vit B 12
9. this happens to the lips with an
iron deficiency anemia
10. type of blood transfusion
acceptable to Jehovah's
Witnesses
11. this anemia is characterized by
pancytopenia
12. major cause of morbidity and
mortality in polycythemia
19. A nursing diagnosis has been established as “Pain, related to thrombotic
crisis”. Nursing interventions would include all except:
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a.
b.
c.
d.
Maintain body in proper alignment, protecting joints.
Give a diet low in vitamins, iron, and protein.
Apply warmth with soaks or compresses to relieve discomfort.
Administer analgesics as ordered and note effects.
20. The physician has ordered drug therapy for a patient in sickle cell crisis. The
patient asks the nurse the purpose of receiving oxygen. You explain that:
a. it alter hypoxia and controls sickling.
b. this therapy aids in fighting against anaerobic bacteria.
c. it helps to increase the amount of hemoglobin A in the body.
d. oxygen allows the body to better absorb Vit B 12.
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