Chapter 10 Notes
Elements of Design
 Color
 Shape
 Line
 Texture
Symbolism of Color
Red
Hot, dangerous, angry, passionate, sentimental, exciting, vibrant, aggressive
Orange
Lively, cheerful, joyous, warm, energetic, hopeful, hospitable
Yellow
Bright, sunny, cheerful, warm, prosperous, cowardly, deceitful
Green
Calm, cool, fresh, friendly, pleasant, balanced, restful, lucky, envious, immature
Blue
Violet
Peaceful, calm, restful, highly-esteemed, serene, tranquil, truthful, cool, formal, spacious,
sad, depressed
Royal, dignified, powerful, rich, dominating, dramatic, mysterious, wise, passionate
White
Innocent, youthful, faithful, pure, peaceful
Black
Mysterious, tragic, serious, sad, dignified, silent, old, sophisticated, strong, wise, evil,
gloomy
Modest, sad, old
Gray
Hue



The name given to a color, such as red, yellow, green, or violet.
It distinguishes one color from another.
Color tint is changed by adding white to the hue.
Value
 The lightness or darkness of a color.
 The values of colors range on a gradation scale from almost white to almost black.
 Color shades are represented by value.
Intensity
 The brightness or dullness of a color.
 Very strong, bright colors are said to have high intensity.
The COLOR WHEEL is used as a guide to study how to choose and combine colors.
Color Wheel
Colors
Primary Colors
Secondary
Colors
Intermediate
Colors
Neutral Colors
Definition
Basic colors that cannot
be mixed from other
elements.
Made by mixing equal
amounts of two primary
hues together
Result when equal
amounts of adjoining
primary and secondary
colors are combined
Represents the center of
the color wheel
Monochromatic
Analogous
Complementary
Triad
Split-Complementary
Accented Neutral
Examples
red, yellow, blue
orange, green
violet (purple)
yellow-green,
orange-red, redviolet, etc.
white, black, gray
Color Schemes
(ways that colors are used together)
A one-color scheme that uses different tints, shades, and intensities.
A color scheme using two or three adjacent or “related” colors on the color
wheel.
A color scheme that uses opposite hues on the color wheel.
A color scheme that combines three colors that are equidistant on the color
wheel.
A color scheme that uses one color with two colors on each side of its
complement on the color wheel.
A color scheme that combines gray, black, or white with a bright color
accent.
Using Colors in Apparel

Light makes colors look brighter.

A color looks brighter when its complement is used with it.

Dark, cool, and dull colors make a form seem smaller.

Light, warm, and bright colors make a form seem smaller.

A single color for an entire outfit makes a person look thinner and taller.

Contrasting colors appear to shorten the body.

Colors are better balanced when light ones are used above dark ones.
Undertones

An undertone is a subdued trace of color seen through another color or modifying another
color.

Everyone’s color has an undertone of either blue or yellow

Colors in clothing, accessories, and makeup should be coordinated with a person’s eyes and
hair.

Certain colors are flattering to each undertone.
Undertone
Cast
Hues
Symbolism
Warm
Yellow
Red, Orange, Yellow
Hot like the sun or fire
Cool
Blue
Green, Blue, Violet
Serve as reminders of sky or water
Personal Coloring Types
Season
Ancestry
Winter
Asian, Indian, Polynesian, South
American, African, Southern
European
Spring
Scandinavian, British, Northern
European
Summer
Scandinavian, Northern European
Autumn
Diverse racial backgrounds
Hair
Usually dark
Flaxen or strawberry
blond to medium or
reddish brown
Ash blond, which
darkens with age
Reddish highlights
ranging from blond to
dark chestnut brown
Eyes
Mostly brown
Mostly blue
Mostly blue
Mostly brown
** Summers usually have rosy, delicate coloring with a blue undertone and my blush or sunburn easily. **