Encephalon means en=in cephalon=head, in the head, or Brain
Brain Mnemonics
The Primary Vesicles that make up the brain are:
Prosencephalon - pro meaning before (forebrain)
Mesencephalon, - mes meaning middle (midbrain)
Rhombencephalon - rhomb from the symbol of goddess or
vulva. (hindbrain)
So these 3 break down into 5 groups; We start with Telencephalon because it is Top, then the rest are in
alphabetical order.
Prosencephalon
→ Telencephalon → Cerebrum
→ Diencephalon → Epithalamus Thalamus, hypothalamus,
Mesencephalon
→ Mesencephalon
Rhombencephalon
→ Metencephalon →Pons/Cerebellum
→ Myelencephalon→Medulla Oblongata
Cerebellum: the cerebellum helps in coordination and balance. Picture your favorite athlete with bells all over his/her body
(hanging from his/her clothes, hands, feet, etc.).
Thalamus: the thalamus takes sensations that come from the body and directs them to the appropriate part of the brain for
processing. Thus, think of Hal and Amos - two traffic cops in the brain who direct these sensations to the right route.
Hypothalamus: the hypothalamus regulates a number of things in the body such as body temperature, thirst, hunger, and sex
drive. Think of “hypo the llamas”. Your llamas are hot, sweaty and thirsty and you use a hypo to spray water on them to cool
them down and give them some water.
Pons: the pons helps you relax and sleep. Think of a relaxing pond
Cerebellum: the cerebellum helps in coordination and balance. Picture your favorite athlete with bells all over his/her body
(hanging from his/her clothes, hands, feet, etc.).
Medulla: the medulla regulates the autonomic activity of your heart and lungs. Picture medals over your heart and lungs, or
stick those medals into a heart.
Neurotransmitters: GAS in the END, those little bean like vesicles (synaptic vesicles) located in the axon
endings of the presynaptic neuron.
Gaba
Acetylcholine
Serotonin
in the
ENDorphins
Epinephrine
Norepinephrin
Dopamine
Cranial Membranes - Remember these by thinking your head needs a PAD to protect the goodside out.
P = Pia mater – (Pia – soft, mater – mother)
A = Arachnoid Space (Arachnoid Space – resembling spider web, Subarachnoid, and villi-shaggy hair)
D = Dura Mater (dura – hard, peri = around, osteal pertaining to bone, meningeal- membrane)
CSF = Cerebrospinal Fluid
C=Choroid Plexus forms this by ultra filtration in the roof of ventricles
S=Sirculates in the Subarachnoid Space
F=(looks like the villa) reabsorbed into arachnoid villi and then returned to venous circulation.
Brain Ventricles
2 lateral ventricles separated by a thin Septum Pellucidum + septum→dividing wall, pellucidus→Per=through,
lucere=to shine
3rd ventricle, fouth ventricle
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