Name: _______________________________________________ Period: _______________ Date: _____________ The Periodic Table of the Elements Activity Introduction: The modern periodic table is a table of all of the known elements. They are arranged according to a very specific method determined by their physical and chemical properties. Things that are periodic have a regular repeating pattern. Instructions: Read and use your notes to answer and complete the following questions. The first periodic table that arranged elements in rows (periods) of increasing atomic ___________ was published by __________________. He also arranged them in columns (groups or families) by similarities in ___________ and __________ properties. _________________ experimentally discovered ___________ in 1913 which led to the realization that the Mendeleev Periodic Table could not be the final answer. _________________ modified the periodic table in 1913. The groups/families where arranged similarly to the first periodic table; but he arranged the rows (periods) by increasing atomic ______________. This was the basic structure of the Periodic Table used today. __________________ identified the first several elements of the lanthanide and actinide series. Directions to color your Periodic Table: 1. Make the line on the staircase on the right side of the Periodic Table darker using a black colored pencil. a. Elements touching the staircase are metalloids. b. Elements to the right of the staircase that do not touch the staircase are nonmetals. c. Elements to the left of the staircase that do not touch the staircase are metals. 2. Outline each family using the color listed in the table below. 3. Write the family name on top of the column of each family. 4. Write the symbols for each element in the family in the box provided in the table below. Column Family Name Color 1A (except hydrogen) Alkali Metals Purple 2A Alkaline Earth Metals Blue 3B-12B Transition Metals Light Blue Elements on the staircase (except aluminum) Metalloids Yellow 7A Halogens Pink 8A Noble Gases White Nonmetals Orange Metals Green Lanthanide Series Inner Transition Metals Teal Actinide Series Inner Transition Metals Teal Elements to the right of the staircase (and hydrogen) Elements to the left of the staircase List Element Symbols 5. Put a yellow stripe through elements 1, 7, 8, 9, 17, 35, 53. These elements consist of diatomic atoms, which combine in pairs such as N2, I2, etc. List the DIATOMIC elements here: ____________________________________________________________. Questions: 6. Hydrogen is the least dense of the elements and it floats in the air. It is a nonmetal although it is found on the side of the periodic table with the metals because its properties in common with them. a. What is the atomic number of Hydrogen? ____________ b. What is its atomic mass? ________________ c. How many neutrons and electrons does a neutral atom have? ________________________________ 7. Metalloids are found on the periodic table between metals and nonmetals. What does this mean about their properties? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Which families of elements are mostly metals? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. Which families of elements contain nonmetals? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. What period contains the heaviest (most mass) elements on the periodic table? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. What happens to the mass of the elements as you go down a family on the periodic table? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. What happens to the mass of elements as you go to across a period (from left to right) on the periodic table? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 13. Why do you believe this table of elements is called “periodic”? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. Which has physical and chemical properties more in common, elements in a row (period), or elements in a column (group)? _________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. Mention 2 elements that will behave similar chemically to calcium according to the answer on question 14.