Social Studies Vocabulary
3rd and 4th Nine Weeks
World War I
MAIN Causes of War
Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism
Archduke Franz
The Archduke of Austria-Hungary whose assassination started WWI on June 28, 1914
Ferdinand
Allied Powers
Britain, France, Italy, Belgium, Russia, and later the United States
Central Powers
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Turkey
Militarism
Belief that a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively to defend itself
Alliance
An agreement among nations to defend one another
Imperialism
Forceful extension of a nation’s authority by expanding it’s territory
Nationalism
The love of one’s country and the desire for freedom
Isolationism
Policy in which a nation prefers to remain neutral
Lusitania
British steamship sank by a German submarine. This brought the US into war.
President Woodrow
US President that joined WWI.
Wilson
New Technologies used
Poison gas, airplanes, tanks
Treaty of Versailles
This treaty signed in 1919, ended WWI and demanded that Germany pay heavy fines and not re-build it’s army.
League of Nations
Internal organization formed after WWI to prevent future wars.
Roaring Twenties and Great Depression
Roaring Twenties
A phrase used to describe the 1920’s that emphasizes the period's social, artistic, and cultural dynamics
Mass Media
Public forms of communication, such as the radio, that reach large audiences
Prohibition
Complete ban on the sale of alcohol
th
18 Amendment
Outlawed the manufacturing, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages.
21st Amendment
Ended Prohibition
Duke Ellington
Famous Jazz composer
Louis Armstrong
Famous Jazz composer
Harlem Renaissance
Artistic movement that reflected African American life in the 1920’s and involved such people as Langston Hughes and
Bessie Smith
Great Depression
Farms and factories produced more than they could sell, people borrowed from the bank and could not pay their loans,
Causes
and unemployment
Unemployment
Being out of work
Stock Market Crash
This signaled the beginning of the Great Depression in 1929
Great Depression Effects Banks and businesses failed and many people lost their businesses and homes
Dust Bowl
150,000 square miles of the Great Plains that turned into dust during a severe drought in the 1930’s..
Franklin D. Roosevelt
President, elected in 1932, who created the New Deal
New Deal
Programs to help end the Great Depression
Social Security Act
Provides monthly payments to the elderly, disabled, and unemployed
Federal Deposit
(FDIC) A new deal program designed to prevent another Depression by protecting banks
Insurance Corporation
Civilian Conservation
A new deal program that set up work camps for more than two million unemployed young men between the ages of 18
Corps
and 25.
World War II
Dictator
Adolf Hitler
Fascism
Benito Mussolini
Josef Stalin
Winston Churchill
Axis Powers
Allied Powers
Pearl Harbor
General Dwight D.
Eisenhower
D-Day
Hiroshima, Japan
Nagasaki, Japan
Relocation camp
Manhattan Project
Radar
Marshall Plan
United Nations
Post World War II (1950’s)
Superpowers
Suburbs
Consumers
Consumer Credit
1950’s
Civil Rights Movement
Martin Luther King Jr.
Rosa Parks
Montgomery Bus
Boycott
Brown v. Board of
Education
Malcolm X
Leader who gains complete control over a country’s government
Dictator of Germany during WWII
Form of government in which individual freedoms are denied and complete power is given to the government
Dictator of Italy during WWII
Dictator of the Soviet Union during WWII
Prime Minister of Great Britain during WWII
Germany, Italy, Japan
Great Britain, Canada, Soviet Union, and eventually the United States
US Harbor in Hawaii that was bombed by Japan, which brought the US into WWII
Led the Allied invasion of several hundred thousand troops at D-Day on June 5, 1944.
Allied invasion at Normandy, France on June 5, 1944
1st atomic bomb was dropped
2nd atomic bomb was dropped. This led to Japan’s surrender.
Prison camps in which Japanese Americans were held in the Western United States during WWII after the bombing of Pearl
Harbor
Code name given to the effort to build an atomic bomb
Used in WWII to determine the location of ships and airplanes
The US provided funds, food, and materials to help countries rebuild in Europe.
An international organization which works to preserve world peace. It was founded at the end of WWII.
US and Soviet Union became the most powerful countries in the world after WWII.
Communities near the edge of the city
People who buy goods. In the 1950’s they bought such things at TV’s, grills, and new toys.
Credit used to buy goods
Era where rock n’ roll, television, and hula hoops all became popular.
Major civil rights leader who led the march in Washington in 1963
Arrested for not giving up her seat in the white section of a Montgomery Alabama bus.
Supporters of Rosa Parks led this boycott.
This court case took segregation out of schools in 1954
Very passionate defender of African American civil rights
Cold War
Cold War
Communism
Iron Curtain
NATO
Conflict between the US and Soviet Union, fought with ideas, words, and money
A political and economic system in which the government owns all of the business and land
An imaginary line dividing Europe into communist and noncommunist countries
North Atlantic Treaty Organization, a military alliance with the nations of Western Europe to promise to help each other if
there was an attack against the Soviet Union
Korean War
US and United Nations supported South Korea and China and the Soviet Union supported North Korea.
Korean War Causes
North Korea wanted to South Korea to be communist
Joseph McCarthy
Started a campaign to rid the US of communist
McCarthyism
The campaign led by Joseph McCarthy
Cuban Missile Crisis
The Soviet Union placed nuclear missiles in Cuba.
Space Race
Competition of space exploration between the US and Soviet Union
Arms Race
The competition between the US and Soviet Union to have the most powerful weapons
Berlin Wall
Barrier that separated West Berlin from East Berlin because of communist beliefs
Vietnam War
Conflict between North Vietnam and South Vietnam. North Vietnam wanted South Vietnam to be communist.
Doves
People who believed the US should not be involved with Vietnam War
Hawks
People who believed the US should be involved with the Vietnam War
Sputnik
The first satellite launched into space by the Soviet Union
Neil Armstrong
The first American man to walk on the moon
OPEC
Created for the purpose of negotiating with oil companies on matters of oil production, prices, and future concession rights
(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)
Fall of Communism to Present
Truman Policy or
The US commitment to helping free people resist communist takeover
Doctrine
Persian Gulf War
Conflict between Kuwait and Iraq, also known as Operation Desert Storm
Saddam Hussein
Former dictator of Iraq
Natural Resources
Things found in nature that are valuable to humans
Global Warming
The increase of Earth’s average temperature, Scientists believe this relates to pollution
Transportation Systems
Air travel, tunnels, highways, railways, and subways
Technology
The use of advanced devices, especially in electronics or computers
Satellites
Objects placed into orbit around a planet
Internet
World wide computer network for communication
Free trade
Trade between nations without high taxes
Exports
Goods sent to other countries for buying/selling
Imports
Goods received from other countries for buying/selling
September 11, 2001
The US was a target of a series of terrorist attacks led by Al-Qaeda
War on Terrorism
President George W. Bush declared this war due to September 11 attacks and to prevent future attacks
Patriot Act
Allows greater communication between intelligence and law enforcement agencies in the United States