Chem 2A_Ch4_PT
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) A positively charged particle formed by loss of one or more electrons from an atom is called a(an)
A) proton.
B) cation.
C) anion.
D) isotope.
E) nucleus.
2) A small negatively charged particle formed when an atom gains one or more electrons is called
a(an)
A) nucleus.
B) proton.
C) cation.
D) anion.
1)
2)
E) isotope.
3) When an atom donates an electron, that electron
3)
A) is lost for all time.
B) is acquired by another atom which becomes a cation.
C) is acquired by another atom which becomes an anion.
D) pairs with another electron to form a covalent bond.
E) neutralizes a proton to form a neutron.
4) Main group elements that are metals usually ________ one or more electrons to form ________,
which have a ________ charge.
4)
A) lose; anions; negative
B) gain; cations; positive
C) lose; cations; negative
D) gain; anions; negative
E) lose; cations; positive
5) Main group elements that are non-metals usually ________ one or more electrons to form
________, which have a ________ charge.
5)
A) lose; cations; positive
B) gain; cations; positive
C) gain; anions; negative
D) lose; anions; negative
E) lose; cations; negative
6) One characteristic of a cation is ________
6)
A) the relationship between protons and electrons varies with the cation in question.
B) it has more protons than electrons.
C) it has more electrons than protons.
D) the number of neutrons is related to the number of electrons.
E) it has equal numbers of protons and electrons.
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7) The property that describes the ease with which an atom gives up an electron to form a positive
ion is
7)
A) electron affinity.
B) atomic number.
C) electronegativity.
D) ionization energy.
E) none of the above
8) The property defined as the energy released on adding an electron to an isolated gas phase atom is
8)
A) ionization energy.
B) atomic number.
C) electron affinity.
D) electronegativity.
E) none of the above
9) An element belonging to the halogen family would be expected to have a ________ ionization
energy and a ________ electron affinity.
9)
A) small, large
B) large, small
C) large, large
D) small, small
E) none of the above
10) An element belonging to the alkaline earth family would be expected to have a ________ ionization
energy and a ________ electron affinity.
10)
A) small; large
B) large; large
C) large; small
D) small; small
E) none of the above
11) The term which best describes the crystalline substance that results when a large number of metal
atoms transfer electrons to a large number of non-metal atoms is
A) molecule.
B) anion.
C) cation.
D) covalent compound.
E) ionic solid.
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11)
12) The statement that best describes the formation of an ionic compound is:
12)
A) Electrons are transferred from a metal to a non-metal, and the resulting charged particles
form a crystalline network.
B) Electrons are transferred from a non-metal to a metal, and the resulting charged particles
form a crystalline network.
C) Each atom achieves an octet using electrons provided from an external electrical supply.
D) Electrons move freely among a network of nuclei in fixed positions.
E) Electrons are shared between two atoms and discrete molecules are formed.
13) All of the following are properties typical of ionic compounds except
13)
A) shatter when crystals are struck.
B) exist as crystalline solids at room temperature.
C) form distinct molecules by interaction of specific particles.
D) conduct electrical current if dissolved in water.
E) have very high melting points and boiling points.
14) According to a geologist, a mineral is a(an)
14)
A) worthless component of mixtures of materials extracted from the earth.
B) metal ion necessary for human health.
C) naturally occurring, crystalline chemical compound.
D) naturally occurring mixture from which metals can be economically extracted.
E) none of the above
15) Which of the following electron configurations is most stable?
15)
A) 1s 2 2s 2 2p6
B) 1s 2 2s 2 2p4
16) What is the most likely charge on an ion formed by an element with a valence electron
configuration of ns 2 np4 ?
A) 4+
B) 2-
C) 1-
D) 2+
E) 6+
17) What is the most likely charge on an ion formed by an element with a valence electron
configuration of ns1 ?
A) 7+
B) 1-
C) 7-
D) 1+
B) 5+
C) 1+
D) 2+
3
17)
E) 0
18) What is the most likely charge on an ion formed by an element with a valence electron
configuration of ns2 np5 ?
A) 1-
16)
E) 5-
18)
19) What is the most likely charge on an ion formed by an element with a valence electron
configuration of ns 2 np1 ?
A) 3-
B) 1-
C) 5+
D) 1+
19)
E) 3+
20) What is the valence shell electron configuration of the ion formed from an atom of the halogen
family?
A) ns 2 ns 4
B) ns 2
C) ns 2 ns 8
D) ns 2 ns 6
20)
E) ns 2 ns 2
21) An atom with 3 valence electrons will most likely ________
21)
A) lose three electrons.
B) lose one electron.
C) gain five electrons.
D) gain one electron.
E) gain three electrons.
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
22) How are noble gases related to the octet rule?
22)
23) Briefly explain how the octet rule determines the charge, both sign and magnitude, of an
ion.
23)
24) Predict the charge that would be found on a carbide ion and on a nitride ion. Explain why
these ions are seldom found in compounds.
24)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
25) Which element will for an ion with the greatest positive charge?
A) Al
B) P
C) Na
25)
D) Mg
E) Sr
26) The charge on a sulfide ion is ________.
A) 0
B) 3-
26)
C) 2-
D) 2+
E) 3+
27) Which of the following elements is most likely to form an ion with a +2 charge?
A) K
B) Si
C) Mg
D) Br
27)
E) S
28) Which pair of elements is most likely to form an ionic compound if allowed to react together?
A) Fe and Ca
B) K and Br
C) C and F
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D) Al and Si
E) H and N
28)
29) What fourth period element is represented by the dot structure shown?
X:
A) V
B) As
C) Ca
D) Kr
29)
E) K
30) What fourth period element is represented by the dot structure shown?
A) Br
B) K
C) Mn
D) Kr
30)
E) Ca
31) The name of Cl- is
31)
A) chlorite ion.
B) chlorate ion.
C) chloride ion.
D) chlorine ion.
E) diatomic chlorine.
32) The name of S 2- is
32)
A) sulfate ion.
B) sulfurous ion.
C) sulfide ion.
D) sulfur
E) sulfite ion.
33) Which of the following elements is most likely to form an ion with a -2 charge?
A) Ti
B) Mg
C) Si
D) K
33)
E) S
34) Which of the following elements is most likely to form an ion with a -1 charge?
A) Cl
B) Si
C) Sc
D) Mg
35) The name of Cu2+ is ________ ion or ________ ion.
34)
E) S
35)
A) copper(i); cupric
B) copper(II); cuprous
C) copper(II); cupric
D) copper(I); cuprous
E) copper; cupric
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36) The name of Sn 2+ is ________ ion or ________ ion.
36)
A) tin(I); stannic
B) tin(II); stannic
C) tin; stannous
D) tin(II); stannous
E) tin(I); stannous
37) What is the formula of the ammonium ion?
A) Am +
B) N4 H+
38) What is the formula of the carbonate ion?
A) CO2 3B) CO3 2-
37)
C) NH4 +
D) Am -
E) NH4+
38)
C) C2 H3 O2 -
D) C2 O4 -
E) C2 O4 2-
39) What is the formula of the nitrate ion?
39)
A) NO2 B) NO3 C) NO3D) NO2E) none of the above
40) What is the formula of the sulfite ion?
40)
A) SO4 2B) SO3 2C) HSO4 2D) S2E) none of the above
41) The formula PO4 3- means that this ion is composed of
A) four atoms of phosphorus, four atoms or oxygen, and three extra electrons.
B) one atom of phosphorus, one atom of oxygen, and three extra electrons.
C) one atom of phosphorus,four atoms of oxygen, and three electrons have been lost.
D) four atoms of phosphorus, four atoms of oxygen, and three electrons have been lost.
E) one atom of phosphorus, four atoms of oxygen, and three extra electrons.
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41)
42)
42) The permanganate ion is composed of
A) one atom of manganese, four atoms of oxygen, and one extra electron.
B) one atom of magnesium, four atoms of oxygen, and one extra electron.
C) four atoms of magnesium, four atoms of oxygen, and one extra electron.
D) one manganese(II) ion, four oxide ions, and two extra electrons.
E) four atoms of manganese, four atoms of oxygen, and one extra electron.
43) The HCO 3 - ion is called ________
43)
A) carbide
B) hydrogen carbonate
C) carbonite
D) hydrogen carbide
E) carbonate
44) The formula for potassium dichromate is ________.
A) K2 Cr2 O7
B) K2 CrO4
44)
C) PCrO4
D) KCr2 O7
E) PCr2 O7
45) Which is the correct formula for the ionic compound containing iron(III) ions and oxide ions?
A) FeO2
B) Fe2 O2
C) Fe2 O3
D) FeO
E) Fe3 O2
46) What is the formula for the ionic compound formed between lithium and bromide?
A) Li2 Br
B) Li+ Br-
C) LiBr2
D) LiBr
46)
E) LiB
47) What is the formula for the ionic compound formed between calcium and sulfur?
A) CaSi
B) Ca2 S
C) CaSi2
D) CaS2
48) What is the formula of a compound formed by the ions M2+ and X3- ?
A) M2 X3
B) MX3
C) M2 X
D) M3 X2
E) none of the above
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45)
47)
E) CaS
48)
49) What is the formula of a compound formed by the ions M+ and X3- ?
49)
A) M3 X3
B) M2 X6
C) M3 X
D) MX3
E) none of the above
50) A formula unit of the ionic compound copper(II) carbonate consists of ________ copper(II) ions
and ________ carbonate ions.
50)
A) one, one
B) two, two
C) one, two
D) two, one
E) some other combination of ions
51) A formula unit of ammonium sulfate consists of ________ ammonium ions and ________ sulfate
ions.
A) four, four
B) one, two
C) two, one
D) two, three
51)
E) three, two
52) The formula Ca(NO 3 )2 tells us that one formula unit of this compound is composed of ________
calcium atoms, ________ nitrogen atoms, and ________ oxygen atoms.
52)
A) one; one; five
B) one; two; five
C) two; two; six
D) one; one; six
E) one; two; six
53) The formula for the compound chromium(II) nitrate is ________.
A) CrNO3
B) Cr2 NO3
C) CrNO2
53)
D) Cr(NO3 )2
E) C2 NO3
54) The main group element E reacts with chlorine to form an ionic compound with the formula E Cl2 .
The element E is a member of what group in the Periodic Table?
A) 2A
B) 7A
C) 1A
D) 6A
E) none of the above
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54)
55) If an element G could react with sulfur to form an ionic compound with formula GS2 , the charge
on the ion formed by G would be ________.
A) 2-
B) 1+
C) 2+
D) 4-
55)
E) 4+
56) The formula (NH 4 )3 PO4 indicates that one formula unit of this compound is composed of
56)
A) three atoms of nitrogen, twelve atoms of hydrogen, one atom of phosphorus, four atoms of
oxygen, and six extra electrons.
B) one atom of nitrogen, twelve atoms of hydrogen, one atom of phosphorus, and four atoms of
oxygen.
C) three atoms of nitrogen, twelve atoms of hydrogen, four atoms of phosphorus, and four
atoms of oxygen.
D) three atoms of nitrogen, twelve atoms of hydrogen, one atom of phosphorus, and four atoms
of oxygen.
E) three atoms of nitrogen, seven atoms of hydrogen, one atom of phosphorus, and four atoms
of oxygen.
57) What is the formula for Calcium Phosphate?
57)
A) Ca4 (PO3 )3
B) Ca3 (PO4 )2
C) Ca3 PO4
D) Ca2 (PO3 )3
E) Ca2 PO4
58) What is the name of Mg 3 (PO4 )2 ?
58)
A) trimagnesium diphosphate
B) magnesium diphosphate
C) trimagnesium phosphate
D) magnesium phosphorus oxide
E) magnesium phosphate
59) What is the name of AlCl3 ?
59)
A) aluminum(III) chloride
B) aluminum carbide
C) aluminum trichloride
D) aluminum tricarbide
E) aluminum chloride
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60) What is the name of SnCl2 ?
60)
A) tin chloride
B) strontium chloride
C) tin dichloride
D) tin(II) chloride
E) ditin chloride
61) What is the name of K2 S?
61)
A) potassium disulfide
B) potassium sulfide
C) potassium(II) sulfide
D) dipotassium sulfide
E) none of the above
62) The name of the compound with formula NaMnO4 is
62)
A) sodium magnesium tetraoxide.
B) sodium manganese tetraoxide.
C) sodium magnesium oxide.
D) sodium permanganate.
E) sodium manganate.
63) What is the name of Fe 2 S3 ?
63)
A) iron(II) sulfide
B) iron(III) sulfide
C) iron sulfide
D) diiron trisulfide
E) none of the above
64) The formula for ammonium hydroxide is ________.
A) NH4 OH
B) OHNH4
C) Al(OH)3
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64)
D) NH4 NO3
E) NH4 O
65) Which of the following formulas represents a compound that is a base?
65)
A) NH4 Cl
B) Mg(OH)2
C) CaSO4
D) H2
E) none of the above
66) One definition of an acid is a substance that provides which ion in water solution?
66)
A) H+
B) NH4 +
C) Na +
D) OHE) none of the above
67) Which of the following formulas represents a compound that is an acid?
A) H3 PO4
B) NH4 Cl
C) CaSO4
D) Mg(OH)2
67)
E) H2 O
68) One definition of a base is a substance that produces which ion in water solution?
A) Cl-
B) OH-
C) NH4 +
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D) H+
68)
E) H-
MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.
Match the following.
69) chromium(II) hydroxide
A) NaCH3 CO2
69)
70) calcium sulfate
B) Al2 (CO3 )3
70)
71) aluminum phosphate
C) HCl
71)
72) potassium sulfide
D) NaNO2
72)
73) sodium acetate
74) ammonium acetate
E) (NH4 ) CO3
2
F) CaSO4
73)
74)
75)
75) ammonium carbonate
G) Cu(OH)2
76)
76) aluminum carbonate
H) Cr(OH)2
77)
77) potassium sulfite
I) NH4 CH3 CO2
78)
78) hydrogen chloride
J) K2 S
79)
79) sodium nitrite
K) K2 SO3
80)
80) copper(II) hydroxide
L) AlPO4
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Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED1
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
15)
16)
17)
18)
19)
20)
21)
22)
B
D
C
E
C
B
D
C
C
D
E
A
C
C
A
B
D
A
E
D
A
Noble gases, except helium, illustrate the stability of elements with a full outer shell (an octet). These elements are
unreactive because their valence shell is filled. Helium is also grouped with these elements because it is unreactive due
to its filled 1s shell.
23) The octet rule states that main group elements will do chemistry in order to have eight electrons in their outer shell. If
an atom has one or two electrons past an octet, it will lose the appropriate number to have a full outer shell, resulting
in a positively charged ion. If an atom is one or two electrons away from having an octet, it will gain the appropriate
number, resulting in a negatively charged ion.
24) The names of both ions end in ʺide,ʺ suggesting that they have gained electrons to form anions. In order to achieve an
octet, carbon would have to gain four electrons, forming C 4- . Likewise for nitride, the ion would be N 3- . Both of
25)
26)
27)
28)
29)
30)
31)
32)
33)
34)
35)
36)
37)
38)
39)
40)
41)
42)
43)
these ions are less common because it is extremely difficult to add additional electrons to an ion that already has a -2
A
C
C
B
C
A
C
C
E
A
C
D
C
B
B
B
E
A
B
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Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED1
44)
45)
46)
47)
48)
49)
50)
51)
52)
53)
54)
55)
56)
57)
58)
59)
60)
61)
62)
63)
64)
65)
66)
67)
68)
69)
70)
71)
72)
73)
74)
75)
76)
77)
78)
79)
80)
A
C
D
E
D
C
A
C
E
D
A
E
D
B
E
E
D
B
D
B
A
B
A
A
B
H
F
L
J
A
I
E
B
K
C
D
G
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