Progressive Reform
5 – Progressive Reform
Essential Content: U.S. History, September 2008
(9/17/08)
The abusive practices of giant corporations and corrupt governments led to a new round of reform politics at the beginning of the Twentieth Century.
Learning Targets
– Basic, essential information Additional
Basic Proficient Exemplary
1. The Populist Party developed c.1890 when Western farmers suffered from the effects of railroad monopolies, the Gold Standard, and the overproduction of agricultural commodities.
The Grange bi-metallism
William Jennings Bryan
Cross of Gold speech
Farmers’ Alliance
2. In an effort to protect farmers from abusive industrial practices, Congress adopted the Interstate Commerce Act and the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.
3. The first reformers were the Christian social workers of the Social Gospel movement
– 1880 to 1900.
4. The desire for reform grew when muckraking journalists published exposes about government and industrial corruption, and about the struggles faced by urban laborers and immigrants.
I.C.C.
Settlement houses
Jane Addams
– Hull House
Upton Sinclair
The Jungle
Jacob Riis
–
How the
Other Half Lives
Long haul, short haul
rate differential
WCTU
Dwight Moody
– Y.M.C.A.
Shame of the Cities
Lincoln Steffens
Pullman Strike
In re Debs, 1896
Thomas Nast
Ida Tarbell
Standard Oil Expose
5. Theodore Roosevelt initiated an era of social and political reform at the beginning of the 20 th Century. His “Square Deal” was his alternative to more radical forms of Socialism which appeared in Europe at that time.
Northern Securities
Corporation
Hepburn Act, 1907
6. Good government reforms attempted to overcome political corruption by creating more direct democracy.
x. Item on Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. duBois.
7. Pre sident William Taft continued T.R.’s anti-trust litigation, but his businessfriendly policies split the Republican Party.
8. Woodrow Wilson, the second progressive President, called his political program The New Freedom. He attacked Trusts, Tariffs, and Private
Banking.
9. During Wilson’s presidency, the Progressive Amendments (16 to 19) were added to the U.S. Constitution.
Coal Strike, 1902
Anti-Trust Litigation
Pure Food and Drug Act
Trust Busting
Gifford Pinchot –
U.S. Forest Service initiative, referendum, recall 17 - Direct Election
of Senators
Tuskegee Institute
The Bull Moose Election
of 1912
NAACP
Taft
– Laissez-faire
business policies
T.R.’s Progressive Party
Clayton Anti-Trust Act
Federal Reserve
16 - Graduated Income Tax
18 - Prohibition
19 – Woman’s Suffrage
U.S. v Standard Oil Corp.
Federal Trade Commission
Children’s Bureau
Keating-Owen Act, 1916
