Regents Review – Progressive
Movement
Quiz on Immigration
HW: Page 173-177 in Review Book
Test on Friday
Agrarian Movement
• Problems for farmers – overproduction,
high railroad costs, natural disasters and
indebtedness.
Populists
• Represented laborers, farmers, and industrialists
against railroads and banks.
• Wanted – 1 term President, graduated income tax,
government ownership of railroads, telephones,
telegraphs, direct election of Senators, restriced
immigration.
• Actually passed - graduated income tax, direct
election of Senators, secret ballot
• Gave rise to 3rd party movement
Grangers
• Organization of farmers
• Purpose – break up rural isolation and spread info
about new farming techniques.
• Formed cooperatives which bought machinery and
fertilizers – failed.
• Elected candidates to state legislature. Favored
regulating railroads.
• Munn v. Illinois – State government can regulate
RR. Wabash v. Illinois – reversed.
Progressive Goals
• Correct political and economic injustices
that resulted from industrialization.
• Government should correct evils.
• Felt government was corrupted by big
business and political bosses.
Famous Muckrakers
• Investigative reporters and writers that
exposed abuses.
• Upton Sinclair – “The Jungle”
• Jacob Riis – “How the Other Half lives” –
pictures of conditions of urban poor.
• Jane Addams – Hull House (1889) –
Settlement house.
Wilson’s “New Freedom”
•
•
•
•
Tame big business, greater competition.
Underwood tariff – lowered taxes by 25%
Graduated income tax – (16th amendment)
Federal Reserve Act – Federal government
regulates money in circulation
• Clayton Anti-trust Act – allowed for Unions.
• Federal Trade Commission – protect consumers.
Roosevelt’s “Square Deal”
•
•
•
•
“Trust Buster” – revived Sherman Anti-Trust Act.
Meat Inspection Act – 1906
Pure Food and Drug Act – 1906
Increased power of Interstate Commerce
Commission
• Stopped selling public land for development.
• National Conservation Commission – public
parks, forests, set aside public land.
Progressive Reforms
•
•
•
•
Secret Ballot
Direct Election of Senators
Referendum – place bill on a ballot
Recall – elected officials can be removed by
voters in a special election.
• Party Primaries
• Initiatives – voters could start a bill.