Bubble Diagrams
1
Why have them?
They play an important role in design
practice. Diagrams are drawn to explore
ideas and sol
solutions
tions in the earl
early, concept
conceptual
al
phases of design. They are used to help
designers think about design parameters
and are a fast way to record their ideas.
Good designers
g
find it hard to "think without
a pencil" and "must interact with the
drawing".
Terms
• Bubble diagram
– Graphic means of organizing spaces within a design
• Bubble
– Round or elliptical shape representing one space within
a design that is drawn showing its location and
proportional size
3
Steps in using bubble diagrams
1. List functions to be performed (ex: museum)
storage, operations,
i
administration,
d i i
i
educational,
d
i
l gift
if
shop, exhibits, prep areas, café, staff area,
children’s area, public restrooms
2. Rank functions according to size
allocation (approximate square footage)
exhibits
storage
operations, administration
educational
children’s areas
public restrooms, prep area, staff area
café, gift shop
4
3. Taking
g circulation
between spaces
into consideration,
d
draw
b
bubbles
bbl
(drawn to
proportional
ti
l
relationship)
5
4. Evaluate placement of bubbles using
design parameters
6
5. Using overlays,
rearrange bubbles
until best layout is
achieved that
satisfies design
parameters
7
6. From final bubble diagram create a
preliminary
li i
d
design
i
Further develop preliminary floor plan
9
• Evaluation must include circulation and spatial positions
10
Sources
• http://expert.cc.purdue.edu/~wishmeie/sketches.htm
• http://www1.inetba.com/srbassociates/spacepl.ivnu
11
LEED for New Construction and Major Renovation 2009
Project Scorecard
Project Name:
Project Address:
Yes
?
No
Sustainable Sites
Y
Yes
Prereq 1 Construction Activity Pollution Prevention
Credit 1 Site Selection
Credit 2 Development Density & Community Connectivity
Credit 3 Brownfield Redevelopment
Credit 4.1 Alternative Transportation, Public Transportation Access
Credit 4.2 Alternative Transportation, Bicycle Storage & Changing Rooms
Credit 4.3 Alternative Transportation, Low-Emitting & Fuel-Efficient Vehicles
Credit 4.4 Alternative Transportation, Parking Capacity
Credit 5.1 Site Development, Protect or Restore Habitat
Credit 5.2 Site Development, Maximize Open Space
Credit 6.1 Stormwater Design, Quantity Control
Credit 6.2 Stormwater Design, Quality Control
Credit 7.1 Heat Island Effect, Non-Roof
Credit 7.2 Heat Island Effect, Roof
Credit 8 Light Pollution Reduction
?
Y
Prereq 1 Water Use Reduction, 20% Reduction
Credit 1.1 Water Efficient Landscaping, Reduce by 50%
Credit 1.2 Water Efficient Landscaping, No Potable Use or No Irrigation
Credit 2 Innovative Wastewater Technologies
Credit 3 Water Use Reduction
30% Reduction
35% Reduction
40% Reduction
Energy & Atmosphere
Y
Y
Y
Prereq 1
Prereq 2
Prereq 3
Credit 1
Credit 2
Credit 3
Credit 4
Credit 5
Credit 6
?
Points
Required
1
5
1
6
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
No
Water Efficiency
Yes
26
No
Fundamental Commissioning of the Building Energy Systems
Minimum Energy Performance: 10% New Bldgs or 5% Existing Bldg Renovations
Fundamental Refrigerant Management
Optimize Energy Performance
12% New Buildings or 8% Existing Building Renovations
14% New Buildings or 10% Existing Building Renovations
16% New Buildings or 12% Existing Building Renovations
18% New Buildings or 14% Existing Building Renovations
20% New Buildings or 16% Existing Building Renovations
22% New Buildings or 18% Existing Building Renovations
24% New Buildings or 20% Existing Building Renovations
26% New Buildings or 22% Existing Building Renovations
28% New Buildings or 24% Existing Building Renovations
30% New Buildings or 26% Existing Building Renovations
32% New Buildings or 28% Existing Building Renovations
34% New Buildings or 30% Existing Building Renovations
36% New Buildings or 32% Existing Building Renovations
38% New Buildings or 34% Existing Building Renovations
40% New Buildings or 36% Existing Building Renovations
42% New Buildings or 38% Existing Building Renovations
44% New Buildings or 40% Existing Building Renovations
46% New Buildings or 42% Existing Building Renovations
48% New Buildings or 44% Existing Building Renovations
On-Site Renewable Energy
1% Renewable Energy
3% Renewable Energy
5% Renewable Energy
7% Renewable Energy
9% Renewable Energy
11% Renewable Energy
13% Renewable Energy
Enhanced Commissioning
Enhanced Refrigerant Management
Measurement & Verification
Green Power
10
Points
Required
2
2
2
2 to 4
2
3
4
35
Required
Required
Required
1 to 19
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
1 to 7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2
2
3
2
Points
LEED for New Construction and Major Renovation 2009
Project Scorecard
Project Name:
Project Address:
Yes
?
No
Materials & Resources
Y
Yes
?
No
Y
Y
Prereq 1 Minimum IAQ Performance
Prereq 2 Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Control
Credit 1 Outdoor Air Delivery Monitoring
Credit 2 Increased Ventilation
Credit 3.1 Construction IAQ Management Plan, During Construction
Credit 3
3.2
2 Construction IAQ Management Plan
Plan, Before Occupancy
Credit 4.1 Low-Emitting Materials, Adhesives & Sealants
Credit 4.2 Low-Emitting Materials, Paints & Coatings
Credit 4.3 Low-Emitting Materials, Flooring Systems
Credit 4.4 Low-Emitting Materials, Composite Wood & Agrifiber Products
Credit 5 Indoor Chemical & Pollutant Source Control
Credit 6.1 Controllability of Systems, Lighting
Credit 6.2 Controllability of Systems, Thermal Comfort
Credit 7.1 Thermal Comfort, Design
Credit 7.2 Thermal Comfort, Verification
Credit 8.1 Daylight & Views, Daylight 75% of Spaces
Credit 8.2 Daylight & Views, Views for 90% of Spaces
?
Credit 1.1 Innovation in Design: Provide Specific Title
Credit 1.2 Innovation in Design: Provide Specific Title
Credit 1.3 Innovation in Design: Provide Specific Title
Credit 1.4 Innovation in Design: Provide Specific Title
Credit 1.5 Innovation in Design: Provide Specific Title
Credit 2 LEED® Accredited Professional
?
Credit 1.1 Regional Priority Credit: Region Defined
Credit 1.2 Regional Priority Credit: Region Defined
Credit 1.3 Regional Priority Credit: Region Defined
Credit 1.4 Regional Priority Credit: Region Defined
?
Points
Required
Required
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
Points
1
1
1
1
1
1
No
Regional Priority Credits
Yes
15
No
Innovation & Design Process
Yes
Points
Prereq 1 Storage & Collection of Recyclables
Required
Credit 1 Building Reuse
1 to 3
Credit 1.1
Maintain 55% of Existing Walls, Floors & Roof
1
Credit 1.2
Maintain 75% of Existing Walls, Floors & Roof
2
Credit 1.3
Maintain 95% of Existing Walls, Floors & Roof
3
Credit 1.4 Building Reuse, Maintain 50% of Interior Non-Structural Elements
1
Credit 2.1 Construction Waste Management, Divert 50% from Disposal
1
Credit 2.2 Construction Waste Management, Divert 75% from Disposal
1
Credit 3.1 Materials Reuse, 5%
1
Credit 3.2 Materials Reuse, 10%
1
1
Credit 4.1 Recycled Content, 10% (post-consumer + ½ pre-consumer)
Credit 4.2 Recycled Content, 20% (post-consumer + ½ pre-consumer)
1
Credit 5.1 Regional Materials, 10% Extracted, Processed & Manufactured Regionally
1
Credit 5.2 Regional Materials, 20% Extracted, Processed & Manufactured Regionally
1
Credit 6 Rapidly Renewable Materials
1
Credit 7 Certified Wood
1
Indoor Environmental Quality
Yes
14
4
Points
1
1
1
1
No
Not Certified
Project Totals (Certification Estimates)
110
Points
Certified: 40-49 points Silver: 50-59 points Gold: 60-79 points Platinum: 80+ points
Client Survey
Family Information
Clients Names
Ages
Gender
Physical Disabilities
Special Physical needs
Pets (Number/Type/Size)
Architectural Detail
House Style
Attic Space
Square Footage
Amount of windows/Types
Type of Stair
Exterior Colors/Textures
Exterior Materials
Interior Materials
Climate of Site
Security Issues
Ceiling Height
Specialized Lighting
(Display Items)
Fireplace
Work Needs
Occupation-1
Occupation 2
Work at Home? Y or N
Office needed
Special needs in Office
(i.e. furnisher, equipment,
storage, work surface)
Other Office
p Needs
needed?
Office Size
Communication systems
Kitchen
Eat in space
Appliances desired
Pantry
Number of ovens
Prep Area
Storage
Special cooking required
Bathroom
Number of Full Baths
Number
of Half Baths
p
Bathrooms
Pleasure Activities
Toys
Boats
Campers
Hobbies
Trailers
Motorcycles
ATV
Shop
p Hobbies
needs
Outdoors
Landscaping
Hot tub
Cabana
Garages
Neighborhood
Housing styles
Values p
types?
Soil conditions
Grading desires
Utilities
Type ofg heating g
budget
Central Vacuum
Air Conditioning
Intercom
Internet (Bandwidth)
Cable
Phone
Energy Conservation
Financial
Cost
Available Mortgage
Future Planning
Rental
Children
Elderly Parents
Building Green
Making Buildings Healthy,
Durable & Energy Efficient
Sustainable Living
Statement of the Problem
Design, model and evaluate a residential home using Green Building techniques and materials
IDEAS * DEVELOPING * BUILDING * TESTING
EVALUATING * REDESIGN/REBUILD/RETEST
to
SUCCESS
NAME:___________________________________________________________________________
TEAM MEMBERS:___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
DATE STARTED:________________________ DATE DUE:________________________________
OVERALL ACTIVITY GRADE:__________
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Requirements
You will work in teams of two to four and design your green building and complete your design brief.
This activity will be due _____________ .
Your completed brief is due _____________.
Your presentation date is______________.
As a team you will interview a client and create a design that is acceptable to your client.
Complete all work required and answer all questions in this brief booklet.
Write your name, etc. on the Assessment Rubric and Peer Presentations Review forms on back of packet.
Review the Assessment Rubric to know all grade requirements and be sure they are all satisfied.
Specifications
1. Research Green Building techniques and materials to offer your client.
2. Incorporate Green Building techniques and materials into your design
3. Your team will complete a design for either new construction or a building remodel. This will be determined by your
teacher. Your teacher will assign you a client.
4. You will interveiw your client to gain an understanding of what their needs are.
5. You will use your research to incorporate Green Building materials and techniques into your designs
6. You will complete three levels of drawings: Bubble Diagrams, Rough Sketches, & Final Drawings (Iso, Elevations, Plan)
Restrictions
1. You must conform to a reasonable budget. This budget must be agreed to by your client. Use Excel's mortgage
worksheet to estimate payments.
PART ONE : Research (idea development)
List the steps you take to get the information, etc. that will lead you to your final design solution (rough
outline)? Include what you expect to find out with each step and where you will find it. Indicate what you will
do and what your partner will do to solve the problem (team strategy).
1
2
3
4
5
2
PART ONE cont'd: Research Questions
Provide insightful answers to the research questions below concerning the information you will need to gather
leading to the solution of this design problem.
1. Define Green Building. Then list five Green Building techniques and 5 Green Building materials.
2. Define Energy Efficiency. Then list three energy efficiency techniques that you will include in your design.
3. Define Trombe Wall. Then list three techniques to using passive solar in your design.
4. Define LEED certification. Then list five advantages to having a building that is LEED certified
5. Define Renewable Energy. Then list three forms of renewable energy that could be used on this project
6. List three questions that you will add to your client survey.
3
PART TWO : Design Possibilities
Bubble Diagrams are an importaint part of the design process and allow the designer to layout rooms
without committing to room shape and size. This is where you place your bubble diagrams. You should
draw or attach your two top ideas to this page.
Design #1
Design #2
4
PART TWO cont.: Rough Sketch
This sketch should be the result of taking the componants from your bubble diagrams your client desires and
laying out a final rough draft design. You will want to make your bubbles light and darken in roughly where
walls will be. Annotate where design features, windows and doors, and special materials will be located and
5
PART TWO cont.: Final Sketches
Attach all elevations, isometrics and plan views behind this page. Staple all related pages into the design brief at
this point. These may be hand drawings or CAD drawings. Make sure that you use color in your isometric
6
PART THREE : RESOURCE USAGE
These are the SEVEN RESOURCES of TECHNOLOGY . How have you used these resources to complete
your project?
PEOPLE
Name
Briefly describe how each helped you
TOOLS & MACHINES
Tools used
Briefly explain how each extended your abilities
INFORMATION
Where did you find and/or how did you acquire information needed to reach your goals?
Place/Event
Briefly describe the information you acquired
ENERGY
The energy form
Mechanical
(potential, kinetic)
Thermal
Radiant (Solar)
Electrical
Chemical
Nuclear
Application - What did the energy source drive?
MATERIALS and CAPITAL($)
List any materials that you used to complete this activity, then calculate the total cost
Materials Used
Quantity
Unit Price
Total $ Amount
Total $ Spent:
THE TIME RESOURCE
Date
Describe when and how you used your time to complete this activity
TIME
SPENT
NATURE OF ACTIVITY
7
PART FOUR : Activity Assessment
1. Describe a problem or issue that you had to solve during the design process.
2. What is the best feature of your final design solution (most imaginative)?
3. State one scientific principle that you applied to your Green Design.
4. List three Green materials that you incorporated into your design.
5. List three Green design and/or building techniques you incorporated in your design.
6. Describe your feelings about your final design. Do you feel you met the clients needs? Was your voice heard
in the design process and your ideas considered?
7. If you had a 2nd chance to do this project what three things would you do differently? Include at
least one design feature.
8
Team Assessment
Rate your team members based on their participation and performance. This is your opportunity to
give feedback on the performance and participation of each individual member of your team.
This is not a time to express personal feelings or dislikes. Circle the number that best represents
their effort. Rate yourself first.
Using this assessment inappropriately will cost YOU points!
1. Team Member:________________________________________________________________
Rating:
Performance
Lowest
1
2
3
4
Highest
5
Participation
1
2
3
4
5
2. Team Member:________________________________________________________________
Rating:
Performance
Lowest
1
2
3
4
Highest
5
Participation
1
2
3
4
5
3. Team Member:________________________________________________________________
Rating:
Performance
Lowest
1
2
3
4
Highest
5
Participation
1
2
3
4
5
4. Team Member:________________________________________________________________
Rating:
Performance
Lowest
1
2
3
4
Highest
5
Participation
1
2
3
4
5
5. Team Member:________________________________________________________________
Rating:
Performance
Lowest
1
2
3
4
Highest
5
Participation
1
2
3
4
5
9
Building Green Assessment Rubric
Student:________________________________________________________ Period:___________________
Assessment Scale:
6 = Exceptional - Your work shows brilliance and extreme high quality.
5 = Accomplished - Your work fulfills all of the objectives of this portion of the activity.
4 = Acceptable - Your work is minimally acceptable or needs minor revisions.
3 - 2 = Minimum - Your work is either incomplete or requires major revisions.
1 = Not Addressed - Your work did not address or include what was asked for in the rubric.
0 = Not Turned In - Some portion of the activity was not turned in leaving nothing to score.
Points are awarded to each of the sub-categories (left margin), then their total average is placed at the bottom the page and
can be applied to the assessment scale at the top and the grade legend at the bottom.
Client Survey (2)
Survey was done in a professional manner
Survey was completed in a detailed manner
Design (3)
Bubble Diagrams were done neatly and a variety of design options were presented
Rough sketches were completed based on client input to the clients expectations
Final drawings were completed based on client input
Green Building (4)
Green Building techniques were incorporated into the design
Green Building materials were incorporated into the design
Energy Efficiency methods and standards were employed in the design
LEED checklist was used correctly and assigned rating was achieved
Design Brief (4)
Part
Part
Part
Part
One: A strategy and answers to research questions were insightful, clear, detailed and complete
Two: Quality of sketches were clear, detailed and complete
Three: Resource pages were clear, detailed and accurate - particularly the time resource log
Four: Activity & Student Assessment: Neat, complete and insightful
Presentation (3)
Student presentation was complete and included all aspects of the design process
Student participated in the presentation
Student was in professional dress for the presentation
Team Work (3)
Safety precautions were documented and followed
Acted as a responsible member of the team during work and testing
Acted efficiently during work and testing sessions (time)
Submitted Late: -1
Activity Total Average (19 criteria)
Grade Legend
A+ = Above 5.00
A = 4.50 to 5.00
B+ = 4.25 to 4.49
B = 4.00 to 4.24
Instuctor Comments: On reverse side
C+ = 3.75 to 3.99
C = 3.50 to 3.74
D+ = 3.25 to 3.49
D = 3.0 to 3.24
F = 0 to 2.99