AP Art History Chapter 12: Romanesque Art Mrs. Cook 1. The Romanesque Era is the first since Archaic and Classical Greece to take its name from an artistic
style rather than ________ or ________. (334)
2. Where does the word Romanesque get its name? Why? (334)
3. To what years does the Romanesque period refer? (334)
4. The immense building of the Romanesque Era was a result of many things. For one, people felt relief
that the end of the millennium (yr 1000) had not brought what? (334)
5. Raoul Glaber was a monk who witnessed this “big boom” in church buildings. His very famous quote
that you should all know states, “It was as if the whole Earth, having cast off the old by shaking itself,
were clothing itself everywhere __________.” (334)
6. Read about the pilgrimages and the cult of relics on the beige insert (page 335). How did this activity
affect and change the structure and size of Romanesque churches?
7. Take a look at the pilgrimages route on the map 12-1. What countries or regions were primarily
affected by these great pilgrimages? (335)
8. Read the insert on page 336. Churches competed to have the best relics for their cathedrals. What is
the name of the devices that the relics were put in? What is furta sacra?
9. Can you identify one in the figure 12-5? (338)
10. What did the builders do in Toulouse in St. Sernin’s to accommodate these curious visitors? Give 3
examples. (338)
11. What is the name for the massive stone rounded vaults like the ones found at St. Sernin? (338-339)
12. The main reason for switching from timber to stone vaults was to prevent fires. What were other
motivations for this switch? (339)
13. Stone sculptures had essentially disappeared from Western Europe in the dark ages. Their revival in
the Romanesque coincided with the introduction of what? The display of sculpture in Romanesque
church was a means of _____________ and _______________ a new largely illiterate audience. (341)
14. Moissac’s Saint-Pierre is a cloister. Define cloister. (342-343)
15. What was the most decorated “sculptured” part of a cloister? (342-343)
16. The Romanesque church portal is very important. Where do sculptures get placed on the Romanesque
portal? (344)
17. How is a doorway/portal symbolic with Christian belief (& therefore highly decorated)? (344)
18. The rounded lunette, similar to a pediment, over the Romanesque doorway is called a _____? (344)
19. The post below the lintel that separates the 2 doors is called a __________. (344)
20. In order to make an arc, each block/brick must be shaped slightly differently to fit together. Each
block is called a __________. (344)
21. From what part of the portal is the elegant statue of Jeremiah? (344)
22. What role have lions/animals played in art throughout time? (345)
23. What French city is more closely associated with the crusades?
24. On the tympanum of the Vezelay Cathedral, what are in the compartments surrounding the scene?
What are the zigzag lines? (345-346)
25. What was the purpose of the Crusaders? (346)
26. There is one giveaway that this illuminated manuscript is not Hiberno- Saxon. What is it? (347-348)
27. A church where the aisles are approximately the same height of the nave (eliminating a traditional
clerestory) is called a ________ church. (348)
28. Unlike many barrel vaults, St.-Savin-Sur-Gartempe in France has what on the ceiling?(348)
29. Describe the Morgan Madonna as the Throne of Wisdom. (349)
AP Art History Chapter 12: Romanesque Art Mrs. Cook 30. What is a major drawback of barrel vaulted churches? (350)
31. What invention did not survive from Roman times into the Middle Ages? (350)
32. Speyer Cathedral in Germany is an excellent example of Romanesque architecture with its ________
vaults. Each aspires to _____ feet tall. (350)
33. What was added for strength to the groin vaulting of Sant’ Ambrogio in Milan? (351)
34. What churches were taller: in those Northern (France/Germany) or Southern (Italy) Europe? (351)
35. Why was Hildegard of Bingen a well known woman at this time? How does she formally illustrate her
“vision” in the manuscripts Scivias? (352)
36. Romanesque architecture takes on a different look in Pisa. The cathedral looks much more like what?
(355)
37. At Pisa, 2 major parts of the cathedral are separate buildings. What are they? (355)
38. Some buildings at Pisa as well as San Giovanni in Florence have beautiful panels of wall decoration in
different colors of marble. This is called __________. (355)
39. The Florence Baptistery shows a heritage and influence from many different buildings we have studied.
List 3. (355-356)
40. The Modena Cathedral in Italy has a 3 foot marble frieze. It shows influence from what Roman and
Early Christian ______________works from the past. Who is the sculptor? (356)
41. Saint-Etienne at Caen (France) is considered the classic of Romanesque architecture. Notice the 2
striking _____ which were rooted in the tradition of Carolingian and Ottonian ____________. (357)
42. Saint-Etienne ended up with a ________ story elevation with large arches, providing even more light
that many Romanesque cathedrals. (358)
43. What are quadrant arches? (359)
44. The Bayeux Tapestry is not a tapestry, but actually a __________. (361)
45. How long is this medieval narrative? It makes sense, that it probably was displayed in the church’s
________ where is gets its name. Who probably made it? (361-362)
46. To what Roman narrative is this Romanesque artwork often compared? (361)
47. What significant event in Norman/English history does this tapestry depict? (361-362)