«Энергия молодых – экономике России»
Brown
Grey
Relaxing and warm.
Depressing. Cool
Lighting: Lighting is essential in calling attention to merchandise in a display. A
shopper’s eye is drawn automatically to the brightest item or area. Lighting treatment may
be used to draw attention to the part of display area or to coordinate the parts of total
display area. Lighting can also be used to direct the path of the customers and to make
them see various displays along the way. [2]
The combination of mannequin, lighting and props in a window display and a store
highlight can further intensify the decision process where the former affects the affective
pleasure of consumers and help them determine the suitability of a store’s retail identity to
personal preference, the latter intensifies the sensational feeling of consumers and
encourage the tendency to try on or purchase which directly relates to the pre-purchase
stage. Thus it can be concluded that visual merchandising play one of the important role in
customers’ decision making process.
References.
1.
Mastering
visual
merchandising
[electronic
http://www.showmummythemoney.com.au
2.
Textile learner//Visual merchandising,2012 [electronic
http://textilelearner.blogspot.ru/2012/09/visual-merchandising
resource]:
resource]:
MAJOR PROBLEMS OF RUSSIAN STOCK MARKET DEVELOPMENT AND
WAYS OF SOLVING THEM
Petrova G.G., student
National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk
E-mail: ggp_pgg@mail.ru
The stock market is a part of financial market, and acts as another source of
financing and development for economy. Russia's stock market operates for a relatively
short time - 21 years. However, it is a dynamic market with quick growing volumes of
transactions, an increasingly complex financial instruments and diversified regulatory and
information structure. Nevertheless, according to experts, it is still far from working
standards of the USA, Asia and Europe markets. [1] Therefore, the restoration and control
of stock market development are one of the most important aims.
The main problems of stock market development in Russia are:
1. The volumes of the majority of important stock market segments are several times
less than those volumes in the developed countries. For example, the relative size of the
corporate bond market is 20 times less than the world’s average. [1]
2. There is a high volatility of the market and, therefore, there is more riskiness. Of
course, every year the level of volatility is reduced, but now it is still high - three times
higher than in developed countries.
3. There is an excessive concentration of stock market: 90% of capitalization is
provided by ten companies, which are mainly fuel and energy industry companies;
oligopoly of mediators (8-10 largest mediators dominate in some segments) creates the
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conditions for market manipulation, high concentration of property in control packets and
low percentage of shares in free float.
4. People rarely participate in operations of the stock market (according to the most
optimistic estimates, the number of investors in stock market instruments in Russia does
not exceed 0.5 million, while in the U.S. and China it equals to 70-80 million people and
in major European countries it is more than 10 million people). There is low confidence in
Russian stock market combined with Russia's lack of a significant middle class group,
without which the emergence of mass investor is not possible. There is also insufficient
dissemination of national IPO [3].
5. Legal framework and regulation of the Russian stock market is very different
from the practice of developed countries [4].
6. There is a risk of losses for those who invest in shares.
One of the promising areas of the stock market development and the solutions of the
existing problems is improving the quality characteristics of the market, namely:
1. Increase the volume and transfer into the category of classified stock markets,
which is impossible without consolidation and recapitalization of the stock market [5];
2. Establish control over the suppression of surrogate security circulation on the
stock market, and illegal professional work with help of public organizations and selfregulation organization.
Also it is necessary to increase the state's role in the stock market, which should:
1. Create a long-term state action policy and vision on recovery of securities market
and its current regulations (this is connected with final choice of the stock market model
(currently the dominated orientation is on the U.S. stock market), and determination of
proportion of sources for financing and budget management through the emission of
shares) [6];
2. Form a coordinated system for state regulation of the stock market in order to
overcome fragmentation and intersections of functions of several state agencies;
3. Create a strong Commission on Securities and Stock Market, which will be able
to combine resources of both the state and the private sector for the establishment of
securities market;
4. Accelerate the development of infrastructure of rigid regulatory and legal
framework to limit the risks of investors;
5. Create a system of reporting and publishing macro-and micro-economic
information about the state of the stock market;
6. Form active control system for non-bank investment institutions;
7. State support for education in the stock market.
8. Apply the principle of transparency of information through increased amount of
publications about the activities of companies; introduce rated estimates for issuer
companies; develop a network of specialized publications (describing individual industries
as investment objects); creating a generally accepted system of indicators to measure the
stock market, etc.
Finally, Russian stock market, despite the problems, continues to develop thanks to
the positive trends in the economy, such as the creation of new companies and
corporations that have raised funds on the share basis, and also the privatization of state
enterprises.
References.
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1. The Russian stock market // 2013. URL: http://www.msibank.ru/vklady/paeviefondi/rossiiskii-fondovii-rinok.html (request data: 15.03.2013).
2. Problems of development of the Russian stock market // 2013. URL:
http://mozgov.ucoz.ru/ (request data: 15.03.2013).
3. Business review // 2013. URL: http://www.dopfo.ru (request data: 15.03.2013).
4. Berzon N. I. Stock market – М.: Vita-Press, 1998.
5. Mirkin J.М. Shares and stock market. – М.: Perspective, 1995.
6. Development of the Russian stock market // 2013. URL: http://azbukadeneg.com
(request data: 15.03.2013).
INTRODACTION OF A GREYDING AT A RUSSIAN ENTERPRISES
S.P Khnykina a student
National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk
e-mail: janaya_s@mail.ru
In article positive and negative sides of the greyding, necessary conditions of
introduction of system of grades are considered. The special place is allocated for
greyding application in the Russian companies and to its consequences.
In Russia the greyding has development relatively recently. It actively use among
HR specialists and progressive heads of the companies.
The Greyding represents creation of vertical structure of position positions
according to which the salary of staff of the company pays off, i.e. the greyding is a
procedure or system of procedures on carrying out an assessment and ranging of positions
as a result of which positions are distributed on groups [1].
It is most reasonable to use this technique at the large enterprises though it very
expensive and risky, but at the correct use of a greyding the company can lower costs of
the personnel considerably.
The Greyding can be introduced if the company already accurately realizes what
exactly it wants to receive from this technique. Having created effective system of grades,
the employer receives the instrument of influence at least on three components of
expenses for the personnel: salaries, social package, awards.
After definition of the purposes the head attentively analyzes organizational
structure of the company and allocates 20–30 key positions which will be estimated. The
purpose of this procedure consists in creating a uniform scale for all positions at the
enterprise. This stage is the major at creation of grades. There are some approaches which
assume the complex analysis taking into account a set of correlating factors. For example,
the William Mercer system analyzes such parameters, as:
• influence,
• degree of an involvement into communication process,
• innovation and
• level of necessary knowledge taking into account possible risks.
Each of positions gathers a certain number of points. Grouping of points in clusters
creates a uniform linear scale of an assessment of positions in which it is possible to
compare, for example, positions of the technical specialist and the accountant [2].
Creating system of grades, it is important to understand for what there is a concrete
position in organizational structure of the company. Have to be considered both financial,
and the organizational parameters describing first of all number of subordinates. Further it
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