Industrial Revolution and the Victorians
Queen Victoria Timeline
1819 Princess Victoria (full name Alexandrina Victoria) is born on 24 May at Kensington
Palace. Her parents are Edward, Duke of Kent (fourth son of King George III) and
Princess Victoria Mary Louisa of Saxe-Saalfeld-Coburg.
1820 Princess Victoria’s father dies in January and she becomes heir to the throne.
1837 King William IV dies on 20 June and Princess Victoria becomes Queen.
1838 Queen Victoria’s Coronation takes place at Westminster Abbey.
1839 Queen Victoria becomes engaged to Prince Albert.
1840 The wedding of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert takes place on 10 February in the
Chapel Royal, St James’s Palace. Their first child, Victoria, Princess Royal, is born on 21
November.
1841 Their son, Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, is born.
1843 Princess Alice is born.
1844 Queen Victoria and Prince Albert have a fourth child, Prince Alfred.
1846 Princess Helena is born.
1848 Princess Louise is born.
1850 Prince Arthur is born.
1851 The Great Exhibition takes place at Crystal Palace at London, celebrating art,
science, trade and industry. The Exhibition was the idea of Prince Albert, who was heavily
involved in its planning.
1853 Prince Leopold is born.
1857 The Royal couple have their ninth child, Princess Beatrice.
1861 Prince Albert dies of typhoid fever on 14 December.
1877 Queen Victoria is given the title Empress of India.
1897 Queen Victoria celebrates her Diamond Jubilee and sixty years as Queen.
1901 Queen Victoria dies at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight on 22 January at the
age of 81 and a reign of almost 64 years.
Victorian Inventions
1816 George Stephenson patented a steam engine locomotive that ran on rails.
1837 Electric Telegraph - William Cooke and Charles Wheaston
1839 Photographic paper- W.H.Fox – Talbot
1839 Steam powered paddle boat - Isambard Kingdom Brunel
1840 Pre-paid postage - Sir Rowland Hill
1844 Morse Code - Samuel Morse
1845 Rubber inflatable tyres- Robert Thomson
1849-1921 Ceramic toilet- Thomas William Twyford
1850 Post Box
1871 Penny Farthing - James Starley
1876 Telephone - Alexander G. Bell
1876 Electric light bulb -Thomas Edison
1885 Petrol Motor Car – Karl Benz
1895 Wireless Radio – Guglielmo Marconi
Acts of Parliament
1833 The first Factory Act provides first small regulation of child labor in textile
factories.
1834 Poor Law created “poorhouses” for the destitute.
1848 British government sets up the General Board of Health to investigate sanitary
conditions, setting up local boards to ensure safe water in cities.
1875 Public Health Act gives government responsibility to ensure public health for
housing and sewage.
1880 Education Act made school compulsory for children up to age 10.
1901 This Factory Act raised the minimum work age to 12 years old.
1918 Education Act made school compulsory for children up to age 14.
Science Key Vocabulry
Properties of Materials
Solution- mixture of a solid and liquid
– you cannot see the solid but it is
there.
Dissolve – a solid mixes into a
solution.
Evaporate – liquid heats up and turns
into a gas.
Conduct – allow energy to pass
through.
Insulate – to not allow energy to pass
through
Filter – separate solid from a liquid.
Solid – state of matter that is rigid
and keeps its shape.
Liquid – state of matter that is fluid
and will change shape to fit its
container.
Gas – state of matter that is light
and spreads everywhere.
Forces
Gravity – force that pulls us to the
centre of the earth.
Friction- force between things that
are touching.
Water/Air Resistance – water/air
that is pushing back against you as
you move through it.
Newton – unit we measure force in.
Topic Key vocabulary
Economy - the production,
distribution or trade, and
consumption of goods and services.
Industry - Industry is the production
of goods or services within an
economy.
Census - A census is the procedure of
recording information about the
members of a the population
Cholera - is an infectious disease
Typhoid - is an infectious disease
Shilling - is a unit of currency
formerly used in the United Kingdom
Empire – a selection of nations or
people ruled over by an emperor or
other powerful government
Monarch – is the head of the state
Reign - the time which the monarch
occupies the throne
Navvies - these were the men who
actually built railways