Current Situation on
Shipping Industries, Maritime Policy and
Legislation in Myanmar
Mr. Maung Maung Oo
Director General
Department of Marine Administration
Ministry of Transport
Republic of the Union of Myanmar
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Contents
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Myanmar - Introduction
2
Shipping Industries in Myanmar
3
Myanmar Maritime Policy and Legislation
MYANMAR
Introduction
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Land Boundaries
Total land boundaries
China
Lao
Thailand
Bangladesh
India
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5,876 km
2,185 km
235 km
1,800 km
193 km
1,463 km
4
GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT MYANMAR
Location Situated in South East Asia
betweenlatitude
9˙32’ and 28˙31’ N and
longitude 92˙10’ and 101˙11’ E
Total land area 676,557 km2
Total Land boundaries
5,876 km
(Border countries)
Total length
South to North
2,090 km
East to West
936 km
Total length of coastline
Population
About 37% of the
population lives in coastal
areas.
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2,228 km
63 millions
A continental shelf of 228,000 km2
Territorial sea of 486,000 km2 (EEZ)
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Export & Import Commodities
(Fiscal Year 2012-2013)
Crude Oil
Rice & Rice Products
MT(Thousand)
%
26.698 (9.56%)
7.043 (2.52%)
Timber
14.523 (5.20%)
Mining
0.256 (0.09%)
Wheat Grain
26.907 (9.63%)
Fishery Products
6.996
(2.50%)
Vehicle & Machinery
45.132
(16.16%)
151.818
(54.34%)
General Cargo
Total MT (279.373) Thousand was Handled.
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Economic Policy
Myanmar launched
change since 1988.
a
wide-ranging
economic
policy
Centralized planning policy was replaced by a marketoriented economic policy and a number of economic
reform measures were initiated.
The Myanmar, while formulating and adopting an
appropriate
market-oriented
economic
system,
has
identified the economic objectives as the economic
policy for the national development.
The economic objectives include to build of modern
industrialized
nation
through
the
agricultural
development, and all-round development of other sectors of
the economy by
inviting participation in terms
of
technical know-how and investments from sources inside the
country and abroad.
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Regional Cooperation for Transport
Myanmar is a full member of sub regional cooperation
such as ASEAN, BIMSTEC, Ayeyawaddy- ChaoPhayaMekong Basin Development Cooperation (ACMES)
, Asia Cooperation Dialogue, and Bangladesh-ChinaIndia-Myanmar Economic Forum.
Under the assistance of UN ESCAP, ADB and Mekong
River Commission, East-West Economic Corridor
project has been implement for the development of
transport network across the Mekong sub-region;
namely, China, Vietnam, Myanmar, Cambodia , Loa
DPR and Thailand.
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Roadmap Towards Integrated and
Competitive Maritime Transport in
ASEAN
9
Implementation on ASEAN Strategic Transport Plan 2011-2015 (BAP)
Measures 20 - timeline 2015
Up to now – 17 measures accomplished
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3 ongoing
Reformed Agenda for Maritime
Infrastructure Development for Yangon and Thilawa Ports
Privatization
Multimodal transport Transit on Kaladan River
National Shipping Policy
Consultation with stakeholders
Prepare for the adaption of Single Shipping Market in ASEAN
Information Technology
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Shipping Industries in Myanmar
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Ministry of Transport Is composed of:
Departments
1. Department of Transport (DoT)
2. Department of Civil Aviation (DCA)
3. Department of Marine Administration (DMA)
4. Directorate of Water Resources and Improvement of River System (DWIR)
5. Department of Hydrology and Metrology (DMH)
Enterprises
Institutions
1. Myanma Port Authority (MPA)
1. Myanmar Maritime University (MMU)
2. Inland Water Transport (IWT)
2. Myanmar Mercantile Marine Collage (MMMC)
3. Myanma Shipyard (MS)
4. Myanma Airway (MA)
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Human Resource Development
13
Sources of
Seafarers
supply
Direct Entry
Private Training
Institutions
Earnestly recommended to recruit MMU and MMMC decent students for next generation
Myanmar maritime industry.
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Government Institutions
1. Myanmar Maritime University (MMU)
2.
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Myanmar Mercantile Marine College (MMMC)
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MET by Private Institutions
1.
Ascension Marine Training Centre *
16. M.S.C
2.
Asia Masters
17. MTC (Dawbon)
3.
Aung Seamanship Training
18. Myanmar Excellent Stars *
4.
Aung Tharaphu
19. Myanmar Marine Engineers Association *
5.
Cygnus Marine
20. Myanmar Seafarers Federation
6.
Global Maritime
21. Myanmar Seaman Employment Association
7.
Golden Eagle
22. Pacific Glory International *
8.
Harmonious Unity International
23. Success *
9.
Hla & Tin Transport Co., Ltd.
24. True North Marine Training Center
10. Htet Oo *
25. UNIQUE Marine Services Co., Ltd.
11. Image
26. Uniteam Marine Training Centre *
12. JSM Maritime Training Centre *
27. Win Ye Kyaw Services Co., Ltd. *
13. Kabar Services Co., Ltd. *
28. Wise Wish Co., Ltd. *
14. MARICO Seafarers Training Centre
29. Zay Ya Theikti Services Co., Ltd.
15. Mercury Training Centre – 2 Centres
* The training centers at which CoC courses are conducted.
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Numbers of Officers and Ratings
registered in DMA
(last updated 21 March 2014)
MASTER (FG)
CHIEF MATE (FG)
OOW (FG)
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1233
918
4395
MASTER (NCV)
89
CHIEF MATE (NCV)
411
CHIEF ENGINEER
887
SECOND ENGINEER
1391
THIRD ENGINEER
4586
ELECTRICAL ENGINEER
1693
TOTAL OFFICERS
15103
TOTAL RATINGS
81402
TOTAL SEAFARERS
96505
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Deck
Officers
7%
Engine
Officers
9%
Ratings
84%
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Government /
Private own
Location
Myanma Shipyards
Kamaryut
2. Ahlone Dockyard
IWT
Ahlone
3. Dalla Dockyard
IWT
Dalla
4. 300 tons Dockyard
IWT
Dalla
5. Yatanarpon Dockyard
IWT
Mandalay
6. Sittwe Dockyard
IWT
Sittwe
7. Thanlwin Dockyard
IWT
Mawlamying
8. Dawbon Dockyard
DMA
Yangon
9. Mandalay Dockyard
DMA
Mandalay
10. Sittwe Dockyard
DMA
Sittwe
11. Myeik Dockyard
DMA
Myeik
12. Satsun Dockyard
Myanmar Port Authority
Mingalar Taung Nyunt
13. Angyi Dockyard
Myanmar Port Authority
Dalla
Myanmar Water Enterprise
Chaung Wine
Cooperative Team
Dawbon
16. Nawarat, Myaayar, Asia, Moe,
Aungzabu, Tunthawtar, Taninthar Yi,
Winshwewar
8 Dockyards (Private)
Khanaungto
17. Patamyar,Amyothargonyoung
2 Dockyards (Private)
Insein
18. Chaungwa lunkyin
1 Dockyard (Private)
Kamaryut
19. Sarparchaung U Nyi Nyi Myint lunkyin
1 Dockyard (Private)
Dalla
20. Sanmaniwin lunkyin, Lawpan lunkyin,
Moe lunkyin
3 Dockyards (Private)
Hlaing Tharyar
21. Makhalar, Kyantineaung, Pwintoo,
Bawgawaddy, Zayartun, Shwehninsi,
Thitlwin
7 Dockyards (Private)
Pathein
Shipyard / Dockyard
1. Sinmalike Shipyards
Ship Building & Repairing Yards
in Myanmar
14. Annawar Dockyard
15. Cooperative Dockyard
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Total
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37 Yards
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Number of Vessel in Myanmar
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
Number of Different Type of Vessel by Years
Coastal Passenger
Inland Passenger
Coastal Cargo
Inland Cargo
Fishing Vessel
Coastal Tug
Oil Barge
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SITTWE
Port
Yangon
Region/State
Yangon
KYAUKPYU
THANDWE
Sittwe
Kyaukphu
Rakhine
Thandwe
Pathein
Mawlamyine
PATHEIN
MAWLAMYINE
Ayeyarwady
Mon
DAWEI
MYEIK
Dawei
Myeik
YANGON
Tanintharyi
Kawthoung
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KAWTHOUNG
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Yangon River
Approach
Yangon Port
vessel of 167m LOA, 9m
draft,
15,000 DWT
Thilawa Port.
vessel of 200m LOA, 9m draft, 20,000 DWT
Yangon ~Thilawa Port : 16 km
Yangon ~ Pilot Station: 64 km
Compulsory pilotage > 200 GT.
Tidal Range (The average tidal range )
19.3 feet (5.85 m) at spring tide - about 8.4
feet (2.55 m) at neap tide
Current Velocity- 4 to 6 knots
Wave - do not hinder marine operations
- seldom rough with less than (2m)
wave- height.
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SEZ – Special Economic Zone
SEZ to promote FDI
SEZ Law enacted Jan.2011
Dawei, Kyaukpyu and Thilawa
have been designated as SEZ.
Dawei is led by Thailand,
Kyaukpyu - China and
Thilawa is led by Japan.
Modified SEZ law submitted
to Parliament
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Yangon
Port
Total 37 Plots
200 m quay length
750 m landward
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(Each Plot)
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Myanmar and Japan
International Cooperation between in Maritime
Transport
Mv. Pinya
MV. Mergui
Two ships supplied by Japanese Government under
WW II war reparation agreement.
HITACHI ZOSEN Shipyard in OSAKA. (Pinya)
URAGA Shipyard in YOKOHAMA. (Mergui)
To establish a leading national shipping line.
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Trade between Japan and Myanmar (Cont.)
The
major
exports
to
Japan
from
Myanmar are garment, pulses & beans ,
sesame, marine product , jewelry
,
minerals and ore.
The major imports to Myanmar from
Japan are motor vehicles and spare parts,
tin and steel products, engines , materials
for power supply, plastic raw materials,
chemical cotton and rolling stocks.
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Route from Calcutta to Aizawl via Sittwe
through Kaladan River
Proposed Trade Route from Sittwe port
( Myanmar) to NH-54 (India)
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DEEP SEA PORT PROJECTS IN MYANMAR
Myanmar coast line started from Naaf River to
Bayint Naung Point is demarcated into (3)
sections as follows:-
Naaf River
KYAUKPYU
Yangon
Rakhine Coast
- 713 Km
Delta Coast
- 437 Km
Tanintharyi Coast - 1078 Km
Total
WESTPORT
KALEGAUK
DAWEI
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Bayint Naung
Point
- 2228 Km
All existing ports of Myanmar including Yangon Port
are river ports and not deep enough for larger
conventional and container vessels.
To cope with the growth of the maritime trade
volume after adoption of the market oriented
economy of the country and the regional demand of
larger vessels for seaborne traffic, the government
laid down the plan to develop Deep Sea
Commercial Ports at suitable sites along the coast
of Myanmar.
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Kyaukpyu Deep Sea Port Project
Location
Made Island., 11.2 km S/E of Kyaukphu
Geographical Position
19 H 22'.6 N, 93 H 40'.8 E
Approach channel
LAD 24 m, Tidal Range 2~2.7m
Sittwe
Habour Area
LAD 20 m, Sea Room 1000 m ~ 1600 m
Prosperity
Most appropriate approach to cope western
corridor.
Made Is.
Save sailing distance about 5000 Km compare
with existing sea route through Malacca Strait
Kyaukpyu
to China East Coast.
Main Outlet of ocean route for land locked
regions' trade.
Opportunity for transporting of Container,
General Cargoes, Crude Oil and Gas.
Shortest trade route from India to China.
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Dawei Deep Sea Port Project
Location
Lies at Nabule Area,
north-west of Dawei City.
Geographical Position
13 H 48'.5 N, 98 H 04' E
Nabule
Dawei
Approach channel
LAD 15 m,
Tide Range 5m
Habour Area
LAD 15 m
Sea Room 3.2 Km
Prosperity
Dawei Area as a hub connecting to
GMS, South and South East Asia
countries.
Industry, Tourism, Fisheries,
Mining and Energy
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Kalegauk Deep Sea Port Project
Location
Between Mawlamyine and Ye in Mon State.
Geographical Position 15 H 32' N, 97 H 38' E
Approach channel
Habour Area
LAD 15 m, Tidal Range 3~5m
L AD 18 m, Sea Room 4.8 Km
Prosperity
West-East Economic Corridor Working Group has
identified to develop deep sea port supporting with
industrial estate at Kalagauk area where it was
stretched and covered between Mawlamyine and Ye
coast line in Mon State.
KALAGAUK
West-East Economic Corridor (WEC) route will act as a
land bridge linking India Ocean in the Pacific cutting
the distance of the conventional circuitous sea route
passing the Malacca Strait by almost two third.
The Project will certainly benefit the countries alone the
corridor such as Vietnam, Lao, Cambodia,
Thailand and China as well.
Development of deep sea port will serve access port
as a gate way of WEC at west side. So, it will be
realistic to conduct feasibility study on development of
said project.
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Delta Region Westport Project
The Memorandum of
Understanding (MOU) relating to
the Feasibility Study & Draw the
Master Plan of the Delta Region
at Ngayoke Bay Westport Project
was signed between the Myanma
Port Authority and Super Axis
Development Pte.,Ltd/ Silver
Wave Development Pte.,Ltd
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MYANMAR MARITIME POLICY AND
LEGISLATION
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Transport Policy
Myanmar government has laid down Transport policies to support and
facilitate easier communication and transport among its states and
division as well as to provide support in the implementation of its
duties for the security and convenience of all transportation sectors.
The transport policies were reflected in ASEAN Transport
cooperation framework plan (1999-2004) and ASEAN Transport
Action Plan (ATAP) 2005-2010. A number of regional policy
framework plans and agreements have been concluded to guide
the ASEAN transport Cooperation and liberalization of services.
The ASEAN Strategic Transport Plan for (2011-2015) has been
adopted as Brunei Action Plan in November 2010.
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Policy of the Ministry of Transport
To develop and fully utilize transport capacities to contribute towards the realization of an economically
strong, modern and developed nation.
To fulfill transport requirements, and to extend and maintain the transport infrastructure to be able to fully
support increased production from other economic sectors and meet growing public and social demands.
To ensure smooth and secure domestic and international transport systems as well as contribute towards the
development of border areas and national races and the development of tourism.
To enable all-weather river transportation by maintenance and preservation of natural resources.
To develop air and maritime transport infrastructures in line with international standards for environmental
protection.
To enhance the transport sector through human resources development and upgrade expertise in
management and advancing modern technology.
To abide by international conventions, acts, laws, rules and regulations with respect to the transport sector.
To develop domestic and international transportation and actively take a key role in the implementation of a
national multi-modal transport system.
To plan for implementation of implement national, sub-regional and international transport networks.
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Marine Administration Policy
To conform National Ships to Safety standards, safe practices and standard of
competence required of it's marine personal.
To promote development of human resources, man-power planning and optim
um utilization of such man-power in the maritime sector.
To improve the safety record of Myanmar registered vessels.
To improve specific obligation save lives in distress at sea and protection of th
e marine increment.
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Application of International Maritime Conventions in
Myanmar
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1974 (SOLAS 74 )
CONVENTION ON THE INTERNATIONAL
COLLISIONS AT SEA, 1972 ( COLREGS 72 )
REGULATIONS
FOR
PREVENTING
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON LOAD LINES, 1966 ( LOAD LINE 66 )
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON TONNAGE MEASUREMENT OF SHIPS, 1969
(TONNAGE 69 )
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE PREVENTION OF POLLUTION FROM SHIPS
, 1973/78 (MARPOL 73/78 ANNEX I & II )
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON STANDARD OF TRAINING , CERTIFICATION A
ND WATCHKEEPING FOR SEAFARERS, 1978 AS AMENDED IN 1995 AND 1997
(STCW – 1978 AS AMENDED )
CONVENTION FOR THE SUPPRESSION OF UNLAWFUL ACT AGAINST THE SAFETY
OF MARITIME NAVIGATION, 1988 ( SUA 1988 )
PROTOCOL FOR THE SUPPRESSION OF UNLAWFUL ACTS AGAINST THE SAFETY
OF FIXED PLATFORMS LOCATED ON THE CONTINENTAL SHELF, 1988
( SUA PROTOCAL 1988)
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Status of National Legislation
Responsible
Department
No.
DoT
1
The Multimodal Transport Law 2011
DMA
2
The Myanmar Registration of Ships Act
DMA
3
The Inland Vessel Law 2013
DMA
4
The Myanmar Merchant Shipping Law 2013
DMA
5
The Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law wi
th respect to Collisions between Vessels
Inserted into MSL
DMA
6
The Myanmar Coastal and Inland Water Transport License
Law 2012
Draft completed & under p
rocessing
DMA
7
The Bills of Lading Act, 1856
DMA
8
The Carriers Act, 1865
DMA
9
The Myanmar Carriage of Goods by Sea Act, 1925
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Law
Status
Draft completed
& under processing
Draft completed
& under processing
Draft completed
& under processing
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Status of National Legislation
Responsible
Department
No.
DWIR
10
The Obstructions in Fairways Act 1881
DWIR
11
The Defile Traffic Act 1907
MPA
12
The Ports Act of 1908
MPA
13
The Yangon Port Act, 1905
MPA
14
The Out-ports Act of 1914
MPA
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Law
Status
Draft completed & under pr
ocessing
Draft completed & under pr
ocessing
Act (13), (14) & (15) combined into one as Th
e Ports Act
Draft completed & under pr
ocessing
The Myanmar Lighthouse Act 1937
To be revised
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Socio Economy
Economic structure of Myanmar is agricultural-based, where
primary sector accounts for 43% of total GDP and industrial sector
has 17% while services sector has 40%.
Because of the globalization, a consumer from one domain can
get the product from different domain easily by taking the advantage
of development of transport logistics.
production pattern has been changed in order to find the cheap
labour and resources in developing countries so that production
factory was established in hinterland area of particular ports.
On the other hand, distribution centers need to be spread out in
order to give the door-to door service to consumers.
So, logistics and supply chain management become vital role
to get the cargo from source to final destination in time, at low
cost and without damage to cargo.
Containerization supports to the activities throughout the supply
chain by giving the chances of easy handling, least time consumption
and hard to damage of cargo at several transit points.
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Myanmar Special Economic Zone Law
To base on the framework of the maintenance, protection and
safeguarding the sovereignty of the State in allowing to operate
foreign investment businesses;
To develop the momentum of the economy of the State by
establishing and operating the Special Economic Zones;
To develop the industry and high technologies in the State;
To improve the goods processing, trading and service business;
To enable the citizens to train, learn and transfer the high
technologies;
To create more employment opportunities for the citizens;
To develop the infrastructures of the State.
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Challenges
The lack of funding, resources and manpower,
Need of public consciousness concerning Maritime issues,
marine accidents and incidents,
Deficient and/or incompetent indigenous expertise in Maritime
Affairs,
Lack of appropriate environmentally sound technology, and
Co-operation among the shipping industries , maritime sectors
and allocation of duties & responsibilities
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Conclusion
Although there are challenges and difficulties,
Myanmar have advantages that it has
strategic location, between global houses, has
precious resources and good enough sized
population of 60 million plus to create a vibrant
economy. At the present , Myanmar is moving
forward to make Political and Economic
Changes and only need to take the
opportunities to utilize the advantages.
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Thank You
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