Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College
Laboratory Manual
On
Multimedia Systems
For
Final Year Students CSE
Dept: Computer Science & Engineering
 Author JNEC, Aurangabad
FOREWORD
It is my great pleasure to present this laboratory manual for Final year
engineering students for the subject of Multimedia Systems keeping in view
the vast coverage required for creating and designing arts and animations
using different softwares.
As a student, many of you may be wondering with some of the questions in
your mind regarding the subject and exactly what has been tried is to
answer through this manual.
As you may be aware that MGM has already been awarded with ISO 9000
certification and it is our endure to technically equip our students taking
the advantage of the procedural aspects of ISO 9000 Certification.
Faculty members are also advised that covering these aspects in initial
stage itself, will greatly relived them in future as much of the load will be
taken care by the enthusiasm energies of the students once they are
conceptually clear.
Dr. S.D.Deshmukh
Principal
LABORATORY MANUAL CONTENTS
This manual is intended for the Final year students of CSE branch in the
subject
of
Multimedia
Systems.
This
manual
typically
contains
practical/Lab Sessions which is related to various aspects of the subject to
enhance creative skills, processing, manipulating, storing and retrieving
various kinds of continuous media. Further develop your skills in software
development using different multimedia techniques and authorized tools.
This course will also be helpful for the student for understanding design
methodologies of multimedia . We have made the efforts to cover various
aspects of the subject covering these labs encompass the regular materials
as well as some advanced experiments useful in real life applications.
Programming aspects will be complete in itself to make it meaningful,
elaborative understandable concepts and conceptual visualization.
Students are advised to thoroughly go through this manual rather than
only topics mentioned in the syllabus, as practical aspects are the key to
understanding and conceptual visualization of theoretical aspects covered
in the books.
Good Luck for your Enjoyable Laboratory Sessions
Prof. D.S.Deshpande
HOD, CSE
Ms. Varsha
Lecturer, CSE Dept.
General Guidelines and Rules
Guidelines
1. Students must read the lab module and make necessary preparation for each session
PRIOR TO coming to the lab.
2. Each lab session will last for approximately TWO hours, which is divided into the
following time slots:
Item
Time
40 minutes
Demonstration
 Instructor will give a brief demonstration during the allocated time
and students will be given some hands-on exercises. Hence the
students are expected to fully utilize this time to enquire the
instructor/tutors regarding the subject matter.
80 minutes
Lab assignment
 Students must::
o Answer all the given questions
o Report to the lab instructor and demonstrator to submit the
answers before the lab ends
 No take-home assignment will be allowed.
 Solutions will ONLY be given after the module is covered by all
groups.
DOs and Don’ts in Laboratory:
1. Make entry in the Log Book as soon as you enter the Laboratory.
2. All the students should sit according to their roll numbers starting from their
left to right.
3. All the students are supposed to enter the terminal number in the log book.
4. Do not change the terminal on which you are working.
5.
All the students are expected to get at least the algorithm of the
program/concept to be implemented.
6. Strictly observe the instructions given by the teacher/Lab Instructor.
Instruction for Laboratory Teachers::
1. Submission related to whatever lab work has been completed should be done
during the next lab session. The immediate arrangements for printouts related to
submission on the day of practical assignments.
2. Students should be taught for taking the printouts under the observation of lab
teacher.
3. The promptness of submission should be encouraged by way of marking and
evaluation patterns that will benefit the sincere students.
Rules
All students are bound to adhere to the following rules. Failure of complying with any rules
will be penalized accordingly.
1. Students must be in the lab before the lab activities started. No late coming is tolerated
without prior consent from the respective lecturer. Failure to do so may eliminate your
mark for that particular lab session.
2. During lab session any form of portable data storage and retrieval devices is
prohibited. If found, then we reserve the right to confiscate the item and devoid your
mark for that particular lab session. Collection of the confiscated item(s) requires
approval from Deputy Dean of Academic Affairs.
3. Duplicated lab assignment: the source and duplicate will be considered void.
4. Submission procedure:
a) Create a folder in the D: \ drive of your workstation. Name the folder with your ID
number and your name. Example: 04xxxxxx Rahul Joshi
b) Save all your answers and source codes inside the folder. Name the files according
to the question, example: question1.cpp/question1.swf.
Report your completed lab assignment to the instructor/demonstrator for inspection and
assessment
Special Instruction Before Each Lab Session
1. Create 2 folders in the D: \ drive:
a) 1 folder for lab exercise and hand-on experience:
 Name the folder with your ID number and your name with (demo).
Example: 04xxxxxx Rahul Joshi (demo)
b) 1 folder for submission (refer to Section B)
2. This lab is aimed to apply the theories that you have learnt in Principles of compiler
design, not intended to teach you everything about C. Hence, you need to do your own
homework.
3. Lab module is designed as a guideline, not a comprehensive set of notes and exercises.
Read your theory notes and books pertaining to the topics to be covered.
How to get lab manual
1. You can obtain the lab manual from the selected lab representatives
2. Please get the materials ready before coming to the lab.
H/w, S/w Requirement:
IBM-compatible 486 System,
Hard disk:40 GB
RAM:256 MB
Windows XP , Network Interface Card
Turbo C++
Adobe Photoshop
Macromedia Flash
Window movie maker
Corel Draw
Audacity
SUBJECT INDEX
Multimedia Systems
-
Lab Programs List
Assignment – 1
Introduction to Windows Movie Maker.
Week – 1
Assignment – 2
Create a movie file using windows movie maker.
Week – 2
Assignment – 3
Introduction to Adobe Photoshop
Week – 3
Assignment - 4
Week – 4
Study of Image Editing using Adobe Photoshop
Assignment – 5
Week – 5
Introduction to Macromedia Flash
Assignment – 6
Week – 6
Creating animated e-card using macromedia Flash
Assignment – 7
Week – 7
Study of Corel Draw
Assignment t – 8
Week – 8
Working and designing in Corel Draw
Assignment – 9
Week – 9
Study of Audio-Video mixing software like Audacity etc.
INTRODUCTION
Multimedia is simply multiple forms of media integrated together. Media can be
text, graphics, audio, animation, video, data, etc. An example of multimedia is a web page
on the topic of Mozart that has text regarding the composer along with an audio file of some
of his music and can even include a video of his music being played in a hall. Multimedia
means that computer information can be represented through audio, video, and animation in
addition to traditional media (i.e., text, graphics drawings, images).
Multimedia is usually recorded and played, displayed or accessed by information
content processing devices, such as computerized and electronic devices, but can also be
part of a live performance. Multimedia (as an adjective) also describes electronic media
devices used to store and experience multimedia content. Multimedia is distinguished from
mixed media in fine art; by including audio, for example, it has a broader scope. The term
"rich media" is synonymous for interactive multimedia. Interactive media is related to the
concepts interaction design, new media, interactivity, human computer interaction,
cyberculture, digital culture, and includes specific cases such as, for example, interactive
television, interactive narrative, interactive advertising, algorithmic art. Multimedia
technology encompasses interactive computer-based applications that allow people to
communicate ideas and information with digital and print elements.
Multimedia technology career choices include:

Web developer

Graphic artist

Digital photographer

Instructional designer

Production assistant
Practical 1.Windows Movie Maker
AIM: Introduction to Windows Movie Maker.
THEORY:
Introduction
Windows Movie Maker 2.1 is Microsoft’s entry-level video editing software. It is easy to
use and includes many fun and exciting features. The version this tutorial deals with is
Windows Movie Maker 2.1. If you do not have this version you must download and install
Windows Service Pack 2 by visiting:
Create a new project
1. Launch the Windows Movie Maker Program:
Start>Programs>Windows Movie Maker
2. Go to File - New Project.
3. Save your project by going to File - Save Project As.
4. Write File Name - ‘ ###### ’
5. Click Save.
Window Movie Maker Workspace
Upon opening Windows Movie Maker, you will be presented with an interface like this.
Take a moment to familiarize yourself with the major partitions.
Along the bottom of the Windows Movie Maker interface runs the filmstrip. There are two
modes for this filmstrip:
Storyboard and Timeline :
Storyboard mode, which is visually simpler and less intimidating than Timeline mode. The
large boxes are drop points for your movie clips. In between each clip drop box is a smaller
box ,reserved for video transitions. Above the drop boxes is a small tool bar that has buttons
allowing you to
1.)Set Audio Levels, 2.)Narrate Timeline, 3.)Zoom Timeline In, 4.)Zoom Timeline Out,
5.)Rewind Storyboard, 6.)Play
Storyboard, and 7.) either Show Timeline or Show
Storyboard depending on which mode you are already in.
Timeline mode gives you more control over the placement of audio clips and titles, and
allows you to precisely synchronize the many elements of your movie.
The right-most of the Windows Movie Maker interface is occupied by the Preview Monitor.
This is the space in which you can preview video clips, transitions, video effects, and other
visual elements of your movie. It can be resized to suit your needs by
simply hovering your mouse pointer over the left border until it becomes a double-arrow
bar, left-click-holding, and dragging from right to left (pictured left).You can also change
the size of the Preview Monitor by clicking View and selecting Preview Monitor Size from
the menu that appears (pictured right). Controlling the Preview Monitor can be done by
either utilizing the circular buttons located underneath the screen, or by clicking Play in the
menu bar and making selections from the dropdown menu (pictured left).
Import Clips ::
Import Pictures
1. Click on the button next to 1. Capture Video to bring down a menu.
2. Click Import Pictures.
3. Navigate to the folder photos are stored in, click the file you want to add, and click the
Import button. You can import more than one file at a time by pressing Ctrl while
selecting a second file.
Import Audio:
1. Click the button next to “1. Capture Video” in the task window, this will bring
down a menu.
2. Click Import Audio.
3. Navigate to the folder your audio file is stored in, click the file you want to add
and click the Import button. You can import more than one file at a time by
pressing Ctrl while selecting a second file.
Basic Editing ::
1. Click on the clip you want to preview in the collections frame.
2. Press Play in the media preview frame.
Delete Clips :
1. Click on the clip you want to delete in the collections frame.
2. Press the Delete key on your keyboard.
Add Video Clips to the Storyboard :
Before you begin, make sure that you can see the storyboard in the bottom frame. If
you see the timeline, click the Show Storyboard button. Once you have done this you
are ready to start adding clips to your movie.
1. Click and drag the video clip or photo that you want to add into the first frame of
the storyboard. You will see the first frame of the video in the box.
2. Repeat this for all of the clips you want to add to your video.
Add Pictures to the Storyboard :
Before you begin, make sure that you can see the storyboard in the bottom frame. If
you see the timeline click the Show Storyboard button. Once you have done this photos
can be added to your movie.
1. Click and drag the photo that you want to add from the collections frame into the
first frame of the storyboard. You will see the first frame of the video in the box.
2. Repeat this for each of the photos you want to add.
Trim Clips :
In order to trim your video clips you need to see the timeline in the bottom frame. Click the
Show Timeline button to switch to this view.
1. In the timeline, click on the clip you want to edit.
2. Move the cursor to the beginning of the clip you want to edit. You will see a trim icon
appear.
3. Click and drag the cursor to the right, as you do this you will see the first frame of the
trimmed clip in the media preview window change.
4. You can also click and drag from the right to trip the end of the video clip.
The advantage of this method is that the trimmed portion of the clip, the part you do not
want, is still there and can be changed later.
Add Sound :
To add sound to your movie you need to have the timeline visible. If you see the
storyboard at the bottom of your Windows Movie Maker window click the View Timeline
button.
1. Click and drag the audio file you want to add to the Audio portion of the timeline.
2. Once your file is in the time line you can click and drag it to any point of the movie you
would like. It will snap to the beginning of a movie clip or the end of any previously
added audio files.
Previewing Movie :
Once the movie is assembled you can preview it, this is fairly easy and can be done with
two clicks of a button.
1. In the Media Preview frame, click the stop button; this will “rewind” your movie to the
beginning.
2. Click the Play button on the media preview frame and your movie will play all the way
through.
Effects and Transitions
While it is not necessary, it is easiest if you work with effects and transitions in the
storyboard mode. If you see the timeline, click the Show Storyboard button. Once you
have done this you can easily add effects and transitions to your movie using the
directions below.
Add Effects
Preview Effects
Click the effect once and press play on the media player.
1. Click the button next to “2. Edit Movie” in the task windowpane if the submenu is
not already displayed.
2. Click View video effects, the different effects will appear in the middle window
pane
3. Click and drag the effect, “Fade in, from black”, on to the first clip in the
storyboard. You will notice the grey star in the bottom right corner turn blue.
Add Transition (Video)
1. If you do not already see the edit movie submenu, click the button to the right of
“2.
Edit Movie”.
2. Click “View Video Transitions”, the different transitions will appear in the middle
panes.
3. Click and drag the transition “eye” to the box between the first and second clips.
Title and Credits
Add a Title at the beginning of the movie.
1. If you do not already see the edit movie submenu, click the button to the right of “2. Edit
Movie”.
2. Click Make titles or credits, you will see a window asking you “Where do you want to
add the title?”
3. Click Add title at the beginning of the movie.
4. To change the title animation, click Change the Title Animation. Choose one you like by
clicking the name and previewing in the media player.
5. Click edit the title text and type the title that you want to appear on the screen.
6. Click change the text font and color, you can now choose the font and color of you title
as well as the background color.
7. Click, “Done Add Title to movie.”
Add a Title to the middle of a movie
1. Switch to the timeline view by clicking the Show Timeline button.
2. Move the blue slider to the point in your movie you want to add text.
3. Click Make titles and credits (under the edit movie heading).
4. When the window appears, click Add title on the selected clip.
5. Now you need to change the title animation, click “Change the Title Animation”.
Choose one you like by clicking the name and previewing in the media player.
6. Click, Edit the title text and type the title that you want to appear on the screen.
7. Click Change the text font and color, you can now choose the font and color of
you title as well as the background color.
8. Click Done add title to movie.
Add Credits
1. Click Make titles and credits (in the “2. Edit movie” submenu).
2. Click Add credits to end.
3. Now you need to change the title animation, click Change the Title Animation.
Choose one you like by clicking the name and previewing it in the media player.
4. Click Edit the title text and type the title that you want to appear on the screen.
5. Click Change the text font and color, you can now choose the font and color of
you title as well as the background color.
6. Click, Done Add Title to movie.
Save Your Movie
Now that your movie had been captured, trimmed and edited it is time to export it to a
file that can be played with a Windows Media Player.
Save to Your Computer
1. First, click the button next to “3. Finish Movie”. This will bring down a menu. Click
“Save to my Computer”. The Save Movie wizard will appear.
2. On the first screen enter a name for your movie and browse to the folder you
want your movie to be saved in. Click Next.
3. On the next screen, click on the blue text that says, “Show more choices…”
4. Under “Other settings” select “DV-AVI (NTSC)” and click on the Next button.
5. The file is now being saved as an .avi movie’s and can be played withWindows Media
Player.
When the file has beencreated, Click Finish.
6. Your completed movie file is now available in the folder you specified on the first screen
of the Save Movie wizard.
*************************
Practical 2.Windows Movie Maker
AIM: Creating movie file using windows movie maker.
THEORY :
The following steps are followed to create movie file in Windows movie maker.
Step I:
Find and open "Windows Movie Maker" on a computer with a Microsoft
Windows XP operating system.
Go to - "Start" >>"All programs" >> Window Moviemaker.
Step II:
To import the videos and photos that you want to use in your movie from a device
onto your computer. (If the photos and videos are already on your computer, you're ready
for step two.)
There are many ways to get photos videos and audios onto
your computer:
 Import photos and video files from a digital camera, video camera, or mobile
phone. Connect your device to your computer using a USB cable, and then import the
photos and videos.
 Import video directly from your digital video (DV) camera.
 Importing photos and videos from computer ,into Windows Live Movie Maker Go
to "Import pictures" under the "Capture video" link in the movie tasks pane. Select all
the photos to import from "My Pictures" or wherever you saved them. If your photos are
located in more than one location, repeat this step to find and import all of them
 To Import audio >> click "Import audio or music" to get the music selection as
background music for your video.
Step III :
Place your photos for the video in the storyboard on the bottom part of the
screen. Drag the first photo from the holding area above to the first box in the storyboard.
Continue to place all the photos that you want to appear, in the consecutive boxes. Put
them in the order that
you want them to appear. If you want to rearrange the photos, drag a photo and move it to
another location in the storyboard.
Step IV :
Put in a title by selecting "Make title or credits" under "Edit movie" in the task
pane. Select appropriate option such as "Add title at the beginning of the movie." Type in
the name, title or some text, then hit "done."
Step V :
Add transitions by clicking the "View video transitions" link under "Edit movie."
Transition is used in order to make your movie look nice when one video or photo ends
and another begins to play .There are more than sixty different transitions in Windows Live
Movie Maker to choose from, so play around and use the transitions that look nice.
Step VI :
If necessary, add credits to the end of the photo movie by going back to "Make
title or credits." Select "Add credits at the end of the movie" and follow the steps to add
your credits.
Step VII:
Preview the movie with the preview monitor function,
Step VIII :
Then save the movie under "File" and "Save project." Follow the steps to save
the movie wherever you would like to save it. You can send to web, write back to digital
video, save to CD, save to your hard, and so forth. Select the one you want to
use.Generally this step is followed :Choose My Computer from the list of options in the “Save Movie Wizard” and click
“Next”. In the next screen, name your movie and choose a destination for the saved
movie file. Click “Next”. The next screen will be “Movie Setting”. By default, you will
only see Best quality for playback on my computer (recommended). That is not the option
you need, so click the “Show more choices…” hyperlink. Click in the circle next to Other
settings to select it, and then click the drop-down menu to the right.From the list of movie
settings in the drop-down menu, choose “High quality video (large)”.Click “Next” to
continue. It will take a while for your movie to be saved, but when the status bar reaches
%100 you are finished!
Conclusion : Thus we have learned to create movie file in windows movie maker.
*******************************
Practical 3 –MACROMEDIA FLASH
AIM:. Introduction to Macromedia Flash
THEORY:
Introduction:
Flash is an authoring tool that designers and developers use to create
presentations, applications, and other content that enables user interaction. Flash projects
can include simple animations, video content, complex presentations, applications, and
everything in between. In general, individual pieces of content made with Flash are called
applications, even though they might only be a basic animation. You can make media-rich
Flash applications by including pictures, sound, video, and special effects. 6 Introduction
Flash is extremely well suited to creating content for delivery over the Internet because its
files are very small. Flash achieves this through its extensive use of vector graphics. Vector
graphics require significantly less memory and storage space than bitmap graphics because
they are represented by mathematical formulas instead of large data sets. Bitmap graphics
are larger because each individual pixel in the image requires a separate piece of data to
represent it. Flash documents have the file extension .fla (FLA).
A Flash document has four main parts: The Stage is where your graphics,
videos, buttons, and so on appear during playback. The Stage is described further in “Flash
Basics” on page 49. The Timeline is where you tell Flash when you want the graphics and
other elements of your project to appear. You also use the Timeline to specify the layering
order of graphics on the Stage. Graphics in higher layers appear on top of graphics in lower
layers. The Library panel is where Flash displays a list of the media elements in your Flash
document.
ActionScript code allows you to add interactivity to the media elements
in your document. For example, you can add code that causes a button to display a new
image when the user clicks it. You can also use ActionScript to add logic to your
applications. Logic enables your application to behave in different ways depending on the
user’s actions or other conditions. Flash includes two versions of ActionScript, each suited
to an author’s specific needs Flash 8 counts with the most handy and intuitive environment
or working interface. Moreover it has an advantage because it is similar to other
Macromedia programs (Dreamweaver, Freehand, Director), it makes easier to assuming
Flash, and faster its management and control
The Menu Bar is aimed to make easier the access to different program features. It is
similar to any other web or graphic designer program, although it has some particularities.
Let's see the main Submenus you can access to:
File: It allows creating, opening and saving archives… Import has exceptional power; it
inserts to the current movie nearly all types of archives (sounds, videos, images and even
Flash movies) or the Publication Settings option from which you can modify the
characteristics of the publications. It also enables to configure the printing pages, print
them, etc…
Edit: It is a classic menu that allows you to Cut, Copy, Paste… objects or as well images
or frames; it also allows you to customize some of the most common options of the
program.
View: Apart from, typical Zooms, it allows you to move the frames and scenes. It also
includes the possibility to create a grid and some guides. These ones can be selected from
submenu Grid and Guides from where you can configure its options.
Insert: It permits you to insert objects into the movie, as well as new frames, layers,
actions, scenes…
Modify: The option Transform permits one to modify the graphics existing in the movie,
and the option Draw Bitmap allows to modify current graphics in vector maps (this
theme will be studied further). Other options allows you to modify characteristics of the
animation elements Smooth, Optimize or of the same movie (Layer, Scene…).
Text: Its contents affect the edition of text. It will be further handled in more details
Commands: Allows administrating the Commands (group of saved sentences that allows
to emulate what user can introduce to the edition environment) that we had saved in our
animation, to obtain other news from the Macromedia page or execute what we already
have.
Control: From here you modify the properties of the movie reproduction Play, Rewind,
Test Movie ....
Window: In addition to the classical options of distributing the windows, this menu
includes shortcuts to ALL the Panels.
Help: From here we can access to all the help that Macromedia offers to us, from the
current manual up to the Action Script, going through tutorials, guided lections etc…
TIMELINE:
The Timeline represents a simple mode of visualization. It consists of two parts:
1) The Frames that are limited by vertical lines (forming rectangles)
2) The Numbers of frames that allow us to know the assigned number of each
frame, its duration and when it will appear in the movie.
Timeline represents the succession of frames in the Time. The Flash movie will not be only
the frames that appear on the Timeline one after another in the order established by the
same Timeline
PANELS:
The Panels are command sets grouped according their function (for example, all that
makes references to the actions, will be in the "Actions" Panel). It's mission is to simplify
and facilitate the commands use.
All of them will be studied deeply during the course. Even so, we'll name them and
summarize the functions of most of them.
Align Panel: It places the objects like we indicate to it. It is very useful.
Color Mixer Panel: Using this panel we'll create the colors that we like more.
Color Swatches Panel: It allows us to select a color quickly and graphically.
(Including our creations).
Info Panel: It shows the size and the coordinates of the selected objects, with the
possibility of modification. It is very useful for exact alignments.
Scene Panel: It modifies the attributes of the scenes that we use.If you still do not know
what are the Scenes, we explain it to you in our basic theme
Transform Panel: It scales, shrinks, rotates... the selected objects
Help Panel: Macromedia gives us help and accessible advises from this panel.
Properties Panel: With no doubt it is the most used panel and the most important. It
shows us the properties of the object selected at this moment: border, background color,
line type, characters size, typography, objects properties (if there are interpolations...),
coordinates, size etc... It is fundamental, you must never forget about it.
TOOL BAR:
Contains all necesary Tools for the drawing. Let's see which of them are
the most important and how they are used:
Selection (arrow) Tool :
It is the most used tool among all. Its main use is to select
objects, it allows selecting the borders of the objects, the fillings (with only one click), the
borders (with double click), zones on our choice... Moreover, its adequate use can save
time of our work.
Line Tool:
It allows creating straight lines in a quick way. The lines are created as in
any program of drawing. Click and drag to show up a straight line until the desired end
point. Once created, the line can be modified just by placing the cursor near the line:
above of the extremes for dragging them, and in any other part near the straight line to
curve it.
Text Tool:
It creates a text in the place where we click. Its properties will be shown
in the next theme.
Oval Tool:
The Oval Tool enables drawing circles or ellipses in a fast and simple
way.
Rectangle Tool:
Its handling is identical to the Oval Tool, they only differ in the
objects they create.
Pencil Tool:
It allows drawing lines, after being drawn you will be able to edit its
shape as you like. The color applied by this Tool can be modified from the Color Mixer
Panel or from the subpanel Colors that is in the Tool Bar.
Brush Tool:
Its functionality is equivalent to the pencil, but its stroke is much more
thicker. It is usually useed for fills. We can modify its thickness and stroke shape.
Paint Bucket Tool:
It lets you apply fillings to the created objects. Many other
programs of drawing don't allow to apply fillings if a border doesn’t limit the zone, it
does. The color applied by this Tool can be modified from the Colors Mixer Panel or
from the subpanel Colors that are in the Tool Bar.
Eraser Tool:
It works like the Brush Tool. Nevertheless its function is to erase
everything what "it draws"
Lasso Tool:
Its function is complementary to the Arrow Tool, since it can select
any object in a free way (the Arrow Tool can only select objects or rectangular or square
zones). In counterpart, the Lasso Tool can't select fillings nor objects (if we don’t make
the selection by hand).
By selecting this Tool, the following images appear on the Options Panel :
This
is the Magic Wand Tool, which is so popular in other programs. It lets you make
selections according to the objects color. The third option you have is the following:
It allows you to select polygon shapes.
Pen Tool:
creates polygons (and moreover straight lines, rectangles...) in a simple
way. Many people find this tool to be complicated, although it's one of the most powerful
tools that Flash provides. Its use consists in clicking on the places that we want to define
as vertices of the polygons. In order to create curves, indicate the anchor points, which
limit curvature, and then drag the tangent on them.
Subselection Tool:
This Tool complements the Pen Tool, as far as it lets us move or
adjust the vertices that make up the objects created by the above mentioned tool.
Ink Bottle Tool:
It is used to change quickly the color of a stroke. It is applied to
objects with borders, changes the color of the boundary with one click in the Colors
Mixer Panel.
Eyedroppers Tool:
Its mission is to "Capture" colors to use them afterwards
LAYER :
The concept of the Layer is basic to manage Flash efficiently. Because of its
importance we will dedicate an entire unit to it. Even so, let's see a great characteristics
of the layers.
A Layer could be defined as one independent movie of only one level. That is to say,
one layer contains its own Timeline (with endless frames)
The objects that are at one Layer share a frame and due to this fact they can "get mixed
up" among themselves.
The Working Area consists of numerous parts, let's see them:
The most important part is the Stage, we will draw and fix different elements of our
movie. The Stage has very important properties, due to the fact that they coincide with
Document Properties, in order to access them, right-click on anywhere on the Stage with
no objects and then on Document Properties:
Add metadata to your files so they can be indexed in the search engines. For this fill the
Title and Description fields.
Dimensions: They fix the size of the movie. The smallest size is of 1 x 1 px (pixels) and
the biggest one is of 2880 x 2880 px.
Match: It causes the coincidence of the movie with the selected size
Background Color: The color selected here will be the one of the entire movie.
Frame Rate: Or the number of frames per second that appear at the movie.
************************************************************
Practical 4 –MACROMEDIA FLASH
AIM: Design a small application using Macromedia Flash.
THEORY:
Steps for creating simple Flash document :
The first step is to create a new document in Flash
1. Select File >> New.
2. In the New Document dialog box, Flash Document is selected by default. Click OK.
In the Property inspector, the Size button displays the current Stage size setting as
550 x 400 pixels.
3. The Background color swatch is set to white. You can change the color of the Stage by
clicking the swatch and selecting a different color. The Property inspector, showing the
Stage size and background color.
4. Click on Insert → New Symbol and the Create a new Symbol dialog will open.
5. Open up Adobe Flash, and make a new document. Modify the document by pressing
Command+J for mac, Ctrl+J for PC. In the options, make the size for the banner 468
wide x 60 height (this is the web standard size of a banner), then make the background
any color that you want, and click OK. For this tutorial, it will be black.
Schedule Banner
6. Go to your layers, and label the first one whatever it is that you want the first
animation to be. In this tutorial, it will be a circle, so the layer itself will be called
‘circle’. Move your mouse to the rectangular tool, click then hold it in order to bring up
the menu, and choose the oval tool, then release the mouse. Move to the banner, and
create a circle of any size. In this tutorial, the size is pretty big so that only a little bit of
the circle will be seen within the banner, and the dimensions are 175.5 x 175.5.
7. Now that you have the circle made, press F8 (mac and PC) in order to bring up the
convert to symbol box. Click on graphic, then name the symbol "circle" then press OK.
You now have made a symbol that you can animate. Go to your layers area, and move
the mouse over to the 5th frame, and press F6 (mac and PC). This will create a
keyframe that has the circle in the exact same spot. Click back on the 1st frame, then
move over to your circle, and click it. We will now make it a fade in animation. 4
8. Go down to the properties panel on the bottom, and move to the color options.
Click on it, and move it to alpha, then set the percent to 0. This will make your circle
disappear, but don't worry, because it is still there, it is now only hidden.
9. Go back up to your Layers area, and right click on a keyframe that is between the
1st and last keyframe, and click on "Create Motion Tween". If done correctly, then
you have successfully made the first part of the animation. Next, we’ll add the text.6
10. Make a new layer, then name it "text" since that is what will be on there. Go to the
6th frame in the "text" layer, right click, then select "Insert New Keyframe" this will
give you a blank keyframe to work on. Go over to your tools palette, and click on the
"T" to choose the text tool. Move over to your banner, then type in the words you
desire. For this tutorial, it will be "banner", and with the text still selected, press F8 to
make it a Graphic, and type in "text" for the name, then click OK. Now your text can be
animated, as well.
11. Now, go to the "circle" layer, and click on the 6th frame, then click and hold the
frame, and drag it until the 16th keyframe. This will make the circle visible
throughout the entire animation. Move the text to an area that is within the circle, but to
make sure that it is not any bit further left than the circle. Go to your Layers, and click
and hold onto the "text" layer, and move it down to be below the "circle" layer. This
will make some of the text disappear from being viewable, which is what we want at the
moment.
12. Lock the circle layer, and hide it, as well, so that we can make sure that nothing
will be damaged, and so that we can see what we are doing. Click on the 15th frame
on the text layer, and make a keyframe by pressing F6. Click on the text within the 16th
frame, and move it to where you want the text to be on the banner, but make sure that
the last letter is further left than the circle. You can click to make the circle visible if
you are not sure of where the circle is.
13. Once you have it positioned just where you want it, go up to the layer for "text",
then, between the two keyframes, make it a motion tween by right clicking, then
selecting "Create Motion Tween". Once that is finished, create a third layer, and call
it as for ActionScript. Go to the last frame (16th frame) and make a new keyframe by
pressing F6. Go to Window --> Actions, and type in stop (); then close the window.
14. Go to where you want to save the animation, and name the animation "banner".
Move down to Export As: and click on the part that says .swf, opening the menu for all
of the options. Go to "animated gif (.GIF)" and click it, so that it becomes a gif image,
then click OK.
11
CONCLUSION: Hence we have successfully created a simplistic banner
******************************
Practical 5.Adobe Photoshop
AIM: Study of Adobe Photoshop tools.
THEORY :
Adobe Photoshop – the imaging software application - has become more than
an integral part of graphic designers’ working tools. Photoshop has earned the reputation
of being a mysterious, magical environment where reality is twisted and reshaped, where
disintegrating family photos are returned to perfect condition, and where the line between
illustration and photography is freely crossed.
Photoshop provides you some special features like, Image
retouching, Advanced Imaging, Special effect using filters, creating stunning
backgrounds, images, texts and buttons for your web pages. This is best software
application available in the market for Image Manipulation.
WORKING IN PHOTOSHOP
1. How to open Photoshop
Step 1:
Click on START
Step 2:
Select Programs
Step 3:
Select Adobe
Step 4:
Select PhotoShop
Step 5:
Click on Adobe Photoshop
After finishing doing this you will get a screen like this (below):
The above screen provides you the tool bar and few other windows, but not the work
area.
For work area;
Step 1: Click on FILE
Step 2: Click on NEW
The next screen will appear, which will require few inputs from you, like
i. The height and width of the work area in pixel / inches / cm / points / picas /
columns.
ii. The resolution for the file
iii. The image color mode Bitmap / Grayscale / RGB / CMYK / lab color
iv. The last option for the type of background required white / background color /
transparent.
v. Give a file name under “Name”
vi. Click on OK
The Screen looks like as given below.
The normal size for work area is 640 pixels (width) x 480 pixels (height) with the
resolution 72 pixels/inch.
Now as you have got the work area, you can start working on it.
The Adobe Photoshop interface includes :
Menu Bar
If you look at the top of the screen you will see the Menu bar which contains all the main
functions of Photoshop, such as File, Edit, Image, Layer, Select, Filter, View,Window, and
Help.
Tool Bar
Most of the major tools are located in the Tool bar for easy access.
Options Bar
The Options bar contains extra options for most tools. The options change as different tools
are selected. Some tools share the same settings in the options bar, for example, painting
modes and opacity, the others have specific options, for example, the Auto
Erase setting for the Pencil tool.
The Image
The image will appear in its own window once you open a file.Adobe Photoshop CS6
Image Name
The name of any image that you open will be at the top of the image window.
Palettes
Palettes contain functions that help you monitor and modify images. By default, palettes are
stacked together in groups. These are the palettes that are usually visible: Navigator,Color,
Histogram, Layer. If none of the palettes are visible, go to Window
in the Menu bar and choose palettes you need to work with.
Below is the description of the most commonly used palettes in Adobe Photoshop CS.
Palettes used for more advanced image editing will be covered in the Adobe Photoshop CS
Tutorial - Intermediate.
NAVIGATOR
The Navigator palette (Figure 1) allows you to resize and move around within the
image. Drag the slider, click on the Zoom In and Zoom Out icons, or specify the percentage
to navigate in the image.
COLOR, SWATCHES, STYLE
The Color palette (Figure 2) displays the current foreground and background colors
and RGB values for these colors. You can use the sliders to change the foreground and
background colors in different color modes. You can also choose a color from the spectrum
of colors displayed in the color ramp at the bottom
In the Swatches palette (Figure 3) you can choose a foreground or background color or add
a customized color to the library.
The Styles palette (Figure 4) allows you to view, select, and apply preset layer styles.By
default, a preset style replaces the current layer style. You can use the styles in the palette or
add your own using the Create New Style icon.
HISTORY
The History palette (Figure 5) stores and displays each action performed allowing you
jump to any recent stage of the image alteration. The alterations should be created during
the current working session; after saving or closing the document the History palette clears
all the contents. Each time you apply a change to an image, the new state of that image is
added to the palette. The History palette can store up to 20 stages. However, you can
always go back to the first stage, for example opening the document. It is important to
know that once you click on any of the previous stages, all the changes
that were made after it will be lost.
LAYERS:
Layers let you organize your work into distinct levels that can be edited and viewed as
individual units. Every Photoshop CS document contains at least one layer. Creating
multiple layers lets you easily control how your artwork is printed, displayed, and edited.
Thus, with the help of the Photoshop tool bar you can create, edit, retouch, manipulate your
drawing or imported image
TOOL BOX
Choose Window > Show Tools or Window > Hide Tools to display or hide the toolbox.
Marquee :
Selects an object by drawing a rectangle or an ellipse around it. Click the tool button, choose a
rectangular or an elliptical marquee. Drag the marquee over the area of the image you Move
Used to select and move objects on the page. Click the tool button, then click on any object on
the page you wish to move.
Lasso :
Selects an object by drawing a freehand border around it.Click the tool button, drag to draw a
freehand border around the are of the image you wish to select.
Polygonal Lasso:
Selects an object by drawing a straight-edge border around it. Click the tool button, click on the
starting point on the image, drag to draw a straight-edge border, click and drag again to select the
are of the image you wish to select. Double-click to finish.
Magnetic Lasso :
Selects an object by drawing a border that snaps to the edges of the defined area of the object.
Click on the starting point on the image, drag around the are of the image. The tool will make
fastening points at the edges. To finish selecting, drag the border to the starting point and click
precisely in the point.
Magic Wand :
Selects all objects in a document with the same or similar fill color, stroke weight, stroke color,
opacity, or blending mode. By specifying the color range, or tolerance, you can control what the
Magic Wand tool selects.Click the tool button, then click on the area of the image you wish to
select.
Crop Tool :
Selects and cuts parts of an image.Click the tool button, then click and drag the tool over the part
of the image that you want to keep. Resize the selected area dragging the squares at the sides and
corners. Click the RETURN key when your crop box is sized correctly.
Slice Tool :
Used to cut images into slices, which can be exported to a web page.wish to select.
HealingBrush :
Corrects small blemishes in scanned photos.Select the tool, hold down the ALT key and leftclick on the base color you need to heal. Then left-click over the blemish.
Brush Tool :
Draws lines of different thicknesses and colors. Select the tool. Then click on the selected area,
drag to draw lines. Use the Options bar to change the Brush, Mode, Opacity, and Flow.Clone
Stamp Takes a sample of an image and applies over another image, or a part of the same image.
Select the tool. Hold down the ALT key and left-click on a certain point of the document where
you want to start your copy point. Then, put your mouse over whatever part of the new document
you want the picture to go to. Hold down the left mouse button and drag the mouse across the
page to copy the picture.
Art History Brush :
Paints over an image using the source data from a specified history state or snapshot. Select the
tool, specify the Brush, Blending Mode,Opacity, Style, Area, and Tolerance.
Erase Tool Removes part of an existing path or stroke. You can use the Erase tool on paths, but
not on text. Select the tool, click on the part of the image you wish to erase. Drag to erase pixels.
Paint Bucket Tool Fills and entire area with a specific color of your choice. Select the tool.
Choose a foreground color in the
Color Box. Select an area you wish to apply the color to. Click the tool button, then click on the
selected area.
Gradient Tool Applies a gradient fill to a selected part of the image or to an entire layer.Select
an area you wish to apply gradient to, click the tool button, choose a fill in the Options bar, click
on the starting point, hold the mouse down and drag to the end point.
Blur Tool Blurs the sharp edges of an image.Select an area where you wish to apply the tool.
Click the tool button, choose the Brush, Mode, and Strength. Drag the brush along the edges.
Dodge Tool Lightens areas in an image.Select the area where you wish to apply the tool. Choose
the Brush, Eyedropper Tool Takes color samples from colors on the page and displays them in
the Color Boxes Select the tool, click on the color in the image you wish to sample. The Color
Box will display this color.
Hand Tool Allows you to move around within the image. Select the tool, click on the spot on the
page, hold the mouse button down, drag to move in the area. Magnifying Glass Tool
Magnifies or reduces the display of any area in your image window.Select the tool, choose
Zoom In or Zoom Out in the Options bar, click on the area of the image you wish to magnify or
reduce.
Color Boxes
The foreground color appears in the upper color selection box and represents a color that is
currently active. The background color appears in the lower box and represents an inactive color.
SAVING FILE :
Step 1: Click on File
Step 2: Click on Save / Save as
Step 3: Select the directory under which the file you want to save
Step 4: Provide a name (if not provided at the time of creating a new file) Step
5:
Click on Save
Note: Photoshop saves the file in .psd file format
For saving your work either in .jpg or in .gif for your webpage do the following;
For JPEG file format:
Step 1: Click on File
Step 2: Click on Save a copy…
Step 3: Select the directory under which the file you want to save
Step 4: Provide a name
Step 5: Select JPEG from under the “Save as” option. Step
6: Click on Save
******************************************
Practical 6 –Adobe Photoshop
AIM: Designing / Image Editing Using adobe Photoshop.
THEORY:
Note: (This Bannerr is just a sample to learn designing in adobe Photoshop)
Fig: A sample Banner
1. Create new photoshop document
2. Choose paint bucket tool, apply a yellow background color.
3. Make a new layer, and fill it with rounded rectangular objects. You can adjust the round value
on the radius section. Put it on the left of the "spanduk"
4. Now, it's time to adding the text. This design was big, so use a big font too. Write 600-800
point on the font size as you desired. Put your text or words in different layer, so you can
move it along easier. Helvetica LT 25 Ultra Light and Helvetica LT fonts are used.
5. Well, it's almost finish. Now Just add some brushes to the black rounded rectangular to make a
logo of your company may be.
6.You have now finished it.
7. Now Save the file as *.psd or *.jpeg.
************************************
Practical 7 –Corel Draw
AIM: Study of Corel Draw software
THEORY:
CorelDRAW is an intuitive graphics design application that is built to meet the
demands of today’s graphics professionals. Whether you work in advertising, printing,
publishing, sign making, engraving, or manufacturing, CorelDRAW offers the tools that you
need to create accurate and creative vector illustrations and professional-looking page layouts.
CorelDRAW is a vector illustration program. Images are displayed on the computer
screen as pixels. How the program treats the pixels is determined by whether the image
is defined as a vector or a bitmap. A bitmap file defines the position, color and size of
each pixel. A vector program defines a line of pixels and treats them as a single object.
To install CorelDRAW Graphics Suite applications
1. Close all applications, including all virus detection programs.
2. Insert the disc in the CD drive.
If the installation wizard does not start automatically, click Start on the Windows taskbar, and
click Run. Type X:\Setup\Setup, where X is the letter that corresponds to the CD drive.
3. Read the license agreement, and then enable the I accept the terms in the license agreement
check box.
4. Click Next.
5. Type your name in the User name text box.
6. Type your serial number in the Serial number text box.
The serial number is not case-sensitive, and the dashes are optional.
7. Click Next.
8. Follow the installation wizard instructions for installing the software.
Window Components
A - Standard Toolbar
You can customize this or any other Toolbar or create
additional Toolbars.
B - Property Bar
The Property Bar is dynamic. Property options change
depending on what you are working on. This enables
you to access commands that are specific to the
current tool or feature you are using.
C - Main Tool Box
The main tools you will use are accessed from this
bar.
D - Rulers
The Rulers show the current mouse cursor location as
you move in the work area.
E - Color Palette
The Color Palette by default is located to the right of
the work window. Like the Toolbars, it can also be
relocated. You can choose from a preset palette of
colors, or use a specific color system such as Pantone
Spot Colors.
F - Status Bar
The Status Bar is used to give you information about
cursor movements or symbol properties such as the fill
or size.
G - Page Navigator
The Page Selector is used to add and move between
pages. When a file contains multiple pages, individual
page tabs appear to the right of the Page Selector bar.
H - Docker Tabs
Dockers allow access to effects, styles, colors, and
many other features of CorelDRAW. They can be
floated or “docked” at the side of the window. When
closed, they are accessible through a vertical tab.
Pick Tool
Selects objects or groups of objects. Once selected,
you can use the Pick Tool of move, stretch, scale,
rotate, and skew objects.
Shape Tool
Reshapes objects. Objects are reshaped by moving
nodes, lines, and control points.
Zoom Tool
Changes the current view of the drawing. You can also
select magnification options from the Property Bar in
the Zoom mode.
Freehand Tool
Draws lines and curves. You can also use this tool to
trace bitmaps.
Smart Drawing Tool
Converts the freehand strokes you draw to basic
shapes and smoothed curves.
Rectangle Tool
Draws rectangles and squares. Squares are created by
using the Control key while drawing.
Ellipse Tool
Draws ellipses and circles. Circles are created by
holding down the Control key as you draw.
Graph Paper Tool
Draws a collection of boxes that simulates a sheet of
graph paper.
Perfect Shapes Tool
A collection of objects which you can add to your
drawing. They include such things as arrows, stars,
talk bubbles, and flow chart symbols.
Text Tool
Interactive Blend Tool
Eyedropper Tool
Adds either Artistic or Paragraph text to your drawing.
The Blend Tool allows you to merger objects together
through a series of steps. The flyout gives access to
several more interactive tools that are described on the
following pages.
The Eyedropper Tool allows you to select a color
within an object, especially a bitmap, and allows you
to apply that color to another object. You can also
capture the color for a customized palette. The flyout
gives access to the paint bucket that applies the color.
Outline Tool
Sets the outline style of an object or a line. This
includes the line type, ends, color, and weight. The
flyout gives quick access to some changes.
Fill Tool
Assigns the fill style of any object. Fills are only
visible on closed objects. The flyout gives access to
control dialogs for each type of fill.
Interactive Fill Tool
Allows you to apply Fountain fills (gradients) using
the mouse. The flyout gives access to the Mesh fill
Tool.
Shape Edit Flyout
Holds Shape Edit, Knife, Smudge, Roughen, Free
Transform and Virtual Segment Delete Tools.
Zoom Tool Flyout
Holds the Zoom Tool, which is used for changing the
view magnification, and the Pan Tool, which is used
for moving the drawing page around the display area.
Curve Flyout
Holds the Bezier Tool, Artistic Media Tool,
Dimension Tool and the Connector Tool. Each tool is
used to create specific types of lines.
Rectangle Tool Flyout
Holds the Rectangle tool and the 3-point Rectangle
tool.
Ellipse Tool Flyout
Holds the Ellipse Tool and the 3-point Ellipse Tool.
Object Flyout
Holds the Polygon Tool for creating multi-sided
objects, the Spiral Tool and the Graph Paper tool.
Perfect Shape Flyout
Interactive Tool Flyout
Eyedropper Tool Flyout
Outline Tool Flyout
Fill Tool Flyout
Interactive Fill Flyout
Accesses the collection of shapes you can add to your
drawing .
Holds the Interactive Blend, Contour, Distortion, Drop
Shadow, Envelope, Extrude, and Transparency Tools.
Holds the Eyedropper Tool and the Apply Tool for the
color, effect, or property selected by the eyedropper.
Displays options for changing line color, styles,
weights, and ends.
Displays options for changing fill color, styles,
creating custom colors, and removing fills.
Holds the Interactive Fountain Fill Tool and the Mesh
Fill Tool.
PROPERTY BAR :The Property Bar is located just under the Standard Toolbar. It is an interactive command center.
Being interactive means that the options on the Property Bar change depending on the current
task or command.
DOCKERS:
Twenty-four functions of CorelDRAW 12 display in a dialog window called a Docker. Dockers
are placed into the interface or “docked” as are Tool Bars or the Property Bar. They are accessed
by clicking on the tabs at the right of the working window
CONCLUSION: Hence,we have learned Corel draw software interface.
*********************************
Practical 8 –Corel Draw
AIM: Designing and working with Corel draw.
THEORY:
Designing a poster:(A sample poster showing how to design and work in corel draw)
Steps for designing a poster :
1.
Begin by drawing a circular ellipse roughly three inches in diameter using the Ellipse Tool.
Holding your Ctrl key as you draw will constrain its shape. With the circle complete and
still selected, press the Convert to Curves button in the Property Bar to delete the ellipse
properties. Drag a copy of this object aside by right-clicking as you drag it using the Pick
Tool. The copy will serve as a template for a later step.
2.
Apply color to your original circle using a customized Radial Fountain Fill. You could use
the Interactive Fill Tool, but to do it quickly and precisely, press F11 to open the Fountain
Fill dialog. Choose Radial as the type, and click Custom under Color Blend. Using the
Custom Fountain options, set the position 0 color marker to white and the position 100
marker to 100 percent magenta. Add a new position marker at 65 and color it 100 percent
magenta also (as shown next). Remove any outline properties.
3.
Choose the Interactive Distortion Tool. Using Property Bar options choose Zipper as the
distortion mode. Enter 17 as the Amplitude, 4 as the Frequency, click the Smooth button
and press Enter to apply the effect. This will add a slight wave to the circle path (shown
next).
4.
For the concentric flower petals, create copies of the object in a centered arrangement. To
create the first copy quickly, choose the Pick Tool, hold Shift while dragging any corner
object handle slightly toward the center of the object, and click your right mouse button
to make the copy. Repeat this action to create enough copies to nearly fill the area
(roughly 13 in our example). Then randomly rotate each of the object copies slightly to
offset them (as shown next with black outlines). To quickly rotate any object using the
Pick Tool, you can click any selected object a second time to enter rotation/skew mode
and drag any of the corner rotation handles.
5. Next, we'll apply a series of distortions in sequence to the template circle created earlier.
Using the Interactive Distortion Tool, choose Zipper mode, click the Random button and
enter an Amplitude value of 30 and a Frequency value of 5 and press Enter. Then, choose
Push and Pull mode, enter 20 as the Amplitude value and press Enter to complete the
distortion. Your template circle now has the distortion you need (shown next).
6.
Switch to the Pick Tool momentarily and marquee-select all the objects in your flower
petal arrangement. Choose the Interactive Distortion Tool again, click the Copy
Distortion Properties button and click your circle copy after the targeting cursor appears.
The distortion is copied to your petal objects (as shown next) and your arrangement is
now a flowering shape.
Impressive Variations
By varying the distortion values in your arrangement of objects, you can quickly create a
wide variety of flower styles. Follow this next example using the same objects to create a
dramatically intricate effect and experience the real power of this effect.
1. Using the Interactive Distortion Tool, choose your template circle and clear the current
distortion effects by clicking the Clear Distortion button two times. Apply a Push and
Pull mode distortion with an Amplitude of 5. Then apply a Zipper distortion with the
Random and Smooth buttons clicked, set the Amplitude to 100, and the Frequency to 20.
Your template circle now features a slightly wavier path (as shown next).
2. Use the Pick Tool to marquee-select all flower petal objects. Press F11 to open the
Fountain Fill dialog and change the custom fountain fill options as follows: Position
0=Red, position 40=Yellow, position 100=Yellow and click OK to close the dialog
(shown next).
3.
With the objects still selected, choose the Interactive Distortion Tool. Click the Clear
Distortion button once to return the flower petals to their earlier wavy path shape. Use the
Copy Distortion Properties button and target your template circle. This time a warning
dialog (shown next) will appear to let you know the effect you are applying is complexclick OK to proceed.
4. Remove any outline properties applied to your objects and the effect is complete. In the
example shown next, the distortion is applied and resembles a flower with intricately
spiked petals and a complex path structure.
Combining Distortions with Blends
You can create yet another variation on the flower illustration by combining a distortion effect
with a blend effect. The steps may be shorter, but the effect is no less impressive. The procedure
involves first distorting an ellipse and blending with a scaled copy. Here's how it's done:
1. Start by drawing a circle roughly 3 inches in diameter using the Ellipse Tool (hold Ctrl to
constrain its shape). Using the Pick Tool, convert the circle to curves (Ctrl+Q). Choose
the Shape Tool and hold Shift+Ctrl while clicking any of the four path nodes to select all
the nodes. Then, press the "+" key on your numeric key pad two times to automatically
add 12 more evenly spaced nodes to the path (as shown next).
2. Choose the Interactive Distortion Tool and choose Push and Pull mode and apply an
Amplitude to -50 (a negative value). Fill the object with 100 percent Yellow. Using the
Pick Tool, create a centered copy roughly 10 percent of the original by dragging any
corner handle inwards while holding the Shift key and clicking your right mouse button.
Fill the copy with Red (as shown next).
3. Switch to the Interactive Blend Tool and drag between the two objects to create a default
blend effect. Using Property Bar options, set the Blend Steps to 20, click the Apply
button, and the effect is complete as shown next.
Creating
Mixed Greens
What would a flower garden be without some greenery? The intricate detail on leaves is another
ideal candidate for CorelDRAW's distortion effect. To simulate the serrated edges found on leaf
shapes, follow these quick steps:
1. Using the Ellipse Tool, create a tall, thin ellipse roughly 3 inches tall and half an inch
wide and convert it to curves (Ctrl+Q). Using the Shape Tool, change the top two curves
to straight lines by clicking each line and clicking the Convert Curve to Line button in the
Property Bar. The result will be a teardrop-shaped object (as shown next).
2. With the object still selected, fill the object with a dark green color. Then, choose the
Interactive Fill Tool and drag upwards from bottom to top to apply a default Linear
fountain fill. Click to select the top fill marker and apply a light green color. Remove any
outline colors applied to the shape.
3. Choose the Interactive Distortion Tool and choose Zipper mode. Apply an Amplitude of
50 and a Frequency of 30 to create the initial distortion. To control the direction of the
serrated edges, drag the diamond-shaped interactive marker to the top of the object.
Notice the serrated points are now angled upwards (shown next).
These steps will create one variation on the leaf shape. But, you can quickly create more by
varying the Amplitude and Frequency values as well as adjusting the width or height of the
object (as shown next).
As a finishing touch, stems are easily created using a series of blended paths. To do this, create a
path and apply a thick line width (such as 8 points) colored dark green. Press the "+" key on your
numeric key pad to create a copy and change this path's outline to a thin width (such as hairline)
colored light green. Using the Pick Tool, select both paths and open the Blend docker (choose
Window, Dockers, Blend). click Apply to create the blend effect (as shown next).
Now, save the file properly
CONCLUSION : Hence , we have created a simple poster using Corel Draw software.
********************************
Practical 9 -AUDACITY
AIM: Study of Audio mixing using audio editing software
THEORY: Audacity is a free open source multi-track audio editing program that can record,
playback and alter sounds and music. Audacity will let you record, edit, and mix an
unlimited number of tracks and is a great audio editing program for creating and mixing audio
programs for podcasting, burning to CD-ROM, creating multimedia sound tracks, and more.
Audacity is a program that manipulates digital audio waveforms. In addition to recording sounds
directly from within the program, it imports many sound file formats, including WAV, AIFF,
MP3, and Ogg Vorbis. PCM formats of 8,16,24 and 32-bits can be imported and exported.
It can also perform typical editing functions such as:

Cut, Copy, Paste, Delete, Silence, Duplicate, Split

apply plug-in effects to any part of a sound

built-in volume envelope editor

customizable spectrogram track view mode

frequency analysis window for audio analysis applications

custom playback rate for every track, which is live-resampled to the project sample rate
AUDACITY WINDOW EDITOR:
Working with tracks :
This can be done in two ways: by recording some audio from an external source or by importing
a piece of audio that has already been recorded.
To import audio go to the Project Menu and chose Import Audio, then select your file in the
dialogue box i.e select File --> Import --> Audio.Audacity can handle many different types of
audio including wav files (probably the best since they are uncompressed) mp3 and ogg files. To
record audio make sure your sound source is plugged in then press the red record button. When
you have finished recording press the stop button. Hit the "Play" icon in Audacity to get
playback and make sure that the import process worked correctly You can also drag an audio file
or clip to be used into the Track window.
After importing audio screen appears to be like this.
Selecting part of a track :
To select part of a track for editing, click on the the Selection Tool - and click and drag
across the selection you wish to work on. The selected part of the track now appears a darker
shade of grey and you may now apply an action to just that selection.
The Edit menu :
The Edit menu contains many of the basic editing actions that you will apply to a selection of a
track.
Cut - removes the section of selected track from the window and places it in the clipboard in
case you want to paste into a new track or new project. You can also use the
button to
perform this action on the selection.
Copy - keeps the selection in place but makes a copy in the clipboard for pasting into a new
track or new project. You can also use the
button to perform this action on the selection.
Trim - removes all audio before and after the selection. You can also use the
button to
perform this action on a selection.
Delete - removes the selection completely from the track. You can also use the Delete key on
your keyboard to perform this action on the selection.
Silence - replaces the selection with silence. You can also use the
action on the selection.
button to perform this
Splitting and Duplicating :
Using the Split action removes the selection from the working track while creating another track
into which the piece of removed audio is then pasted. This may be useful to move a segment of a
recorded track into a different order than which it was originally recorded.
Using Duplicate is similar to the above but instead of removing the selection from the original
track it just duplicates the audio into the new track.
Basic Controls :
The six basic tools for manipulating sound are found on the left hand side of the tool bar. They
are the select tool for selecting sections of sound, the zoom tool for zooming in on an area of
audio, the envelope tool for manipulating the volume of a sound sample. The draw tool for
manipulating its amplitude, the time shift tool for moving samples relative to each other and the
multi tool which does all of the above depending on the key modifier you press.
Select tool
SELECT TOOL:
1. Activate the selection tool by left clicking on it
2. Position the mouse at the beginning of the waveform picture.
3. Left click, hold and drag to include the whole phrase.
4. Do not include the second or so of silence before the text. The selected area becomes grey.
TIME SHIFT TOOL:
The Time Shift Tool lets you move around the audio clips you have created. Here I have moved
the clip I cut and pasted from Track one so that it is in a new location. After you click on the
Time Shift Tool, click on the track you want to move and drag it to the time you wish.
Exporting a mp3 File :
1) After you finish recording, you may want to “trim” extra space from your recording. One way
to do this is to select the “good” part of the recording from start to end, then choose, “Trim”
from the Edit menu.
2) Now the clip is ready, it is easy to export your MP3 file. Choose Export As MP3 from the
File Menu ,name your file and choose a location for it. ( when you name your file, be sure to
leave the mp3 extension at the end of the
file name. Example myfile.mp3
3. Click Save
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