Chapter – 14 DIRECTING
DIRECTING
Introduction
Direction is a management function performed by the top level officers of
management.
Direction
is
necessary
in
order
to
achieve
proper
implementation of direction.
Definition
Direction
consists
of
the
process
and
techniques
utilized
in
issuing
instructions and making certain that operations are carried on as originally
planned.
Principles of Direction
Generally, the manager should understand the needs, motives and attitudes
of his subordinates. However, following principles of directions may be useful
to the manager.
1.
Harmony of objectives.
2.
Maximum individual contribution
3.
Unit of direction or command
4.
Efficiency
5.
Direct supervision
6.
Feedback information
7.
Effective communication
8.
Appropriateness of direction technique
9.
Efficient control
10.
Comprehension
11.
Follow through
Issuing orders or instructions
An order is used by the management as a tool for direction. As a directional
technique, an instruction is understood to be a charge by a superior requiring
a subordinate to act or refrain from acting in a given circumstance.
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Chapter – 14 DIRECTING
Characteristics of a Good Order
1.
An order should be reasonable and enforceable over subordinates
2.
A clearly defined order should be easily understandable
3.
An order should be such a one as to facilitate the achievement of
the objectives of an organization
4.
An order should be complete in all respects
5.
An order should exhort willingness and acceptance from the
subordinates
6.
A written order is preferable to an oral order
7.
Apporoproriate tone is used by the superior while issuing an order
8.
An order should specify the time within which a job should be
completed
9.
An order should be Intelligible
Techniques of Direction
There are three directions.
1.
Consultative direction
2.
Free rein direction
3.
Autocratic direction
1.
Consultative direction
•
The superior has consultation with his subordinates before
issuing a direction.
•
The
consultation
is
made
to
find
out
the
feasibility,
enforceability and nature of problem.
•
Ultimately, the superior has the right to take any decision and
give the directions.
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Chapter – 14 DIRECTING
2.
Free rein direction
•
The
subordinate
is
encouraged
to
solve
the
problem
independently under this direction technique.
•
Only highly educated, efficient and sincere subordinate are
required to apply there direction techniques.
3.
Autocratic direction
•
This is opposite to free rein direction techniques.
•
Supervisor
commands
his
subordinates
and
has
close
supervision.
•
Now way left to the subordinates to show their initiatives.
Importance of Direction
Direction is necessary to implement the administrative policies and decisions
effectively. Direction provides leadership in a business and it is also
concerned with getting cooperation among subordinates.
1.
Initiates action
2.
Coordinates the group efforts
3.
Ensures maximum individual contribution
4.
Reduces the reluctance to put up with changes in the organization
5.
Provides stability and balance in organization
6.
Helps to achieve the objectives of an organization.
Characteristics of Direction
¾ Performed by all levels of executives.
¾ Management initiates action through direction
¾ It is continuous throughout the life of the organization
¾ Initially, direction is started at the top level management.
¾ Subordinates do the things as per the original plan.
¾ Direction creates link between preparatory functions and the control
functions of management that includes planning, organizing and staffing.
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