APUSHUnit8:GildedAge
PoliticsintheGildedAge,1869-1896(Chapter23)
IcandescribethepoliticalcorruptionoftheGrantadministrationandthevariouseffortsto
cleanuppoliticsintheGildedAge.(Pages502-506)
Electionof1868
-Candidatesandpositions
-Republican
-Democratic
-“Wavingthebloodyshirt”
-outcome
BlackFriday
-JimFiskeandJayGould
-“corneringthemarket”
-roleofU.S.government(Grant)
TweedRing
-“Boss”Tweed(TammanyHall)
-ThomasNast
CréditMobilierScandal
WhiskeyRing
BelknapFraud
Electionof1872
-Candidatesandpositions
-Republican
-Democratic
-Outcome
Icandescribetheeconomicslumpofthe1870sandthegrowingconflictbetween“hardmoney”
and“softmoney”advocates.(Pages506-507)
Panicof1873(causes)
“Hardmoney”advocates
-groupsrepresentedandwhy
“Softmoney”advocates
-groupsrepresentedandwhy
-silverissue
IcandescribethepoliticsoftheGildedAge.(Pages507-508)
RepublicanParty
-ethnicandculturalcharacteristics
-geographicbase
-StalwartsandHalf-Breeds
DemocraticParty
-ethnicandculturalcharacteristics
-geographicbase
patronage
IcanidentifytherelationshipbetweentheElectionof1876andtheendofReconstruction.(Pages508509)
Electionof1876
-Candidatesandpositions
-Republican
-Democratic
Compromiseof1877
-Electoraldeadlock
-Endofmilitaryreconstruction
-Significance
IcandescribehowtheendofReconstructionledtothelossofblackrightsandtheimpositionof
theJimCrowsystemofsegregationintheSouth.(Pages509-511)
“Redeemers”
crop-liensystem
JimCrowlaws
Plessyv.Ferguson(1896)
Icanexplainthegrowthofclassandethnicconflictduringthe1870sandafter.(Pages511-514)
Railroadstrikeof1877
-causes
-U.S.governmentresponse
ChineseinCalifornia(alsoseepages512to513)
-backgroundofimmigration
-DennisKearney(“Kearnyites”)
-ChineseExclusionAct(1882)
-U.S.vs.WongKimArk(1898)
IcandescribethepersonalandpartisanclashesbetweentheDemocratsandRepublicans.
(Pages514-521)
Electionof1880/JamesA.Garfield
Garfield’sAssassination/CharlesGuiteau
ChesterArthur
PendletonAct(1883)
Electionof1884
-Republicans-JamesG.Blaine
-Democrats-GroverCleveland
-Campaigntactics
IssuesofCleveland’sadministration
-GrandArmyoftheRepublic(privatepensionbills)
-Tariffissue
Electionof1888-BenjaminHarrison
Harrison’sPresidency
-BillionDollarCongress
-McKinleyTariff(1890)
Icandescribethepoliticaleffectsofgrowingsocialprotestsandclassconflict.(Pages521-526)
Farmers’Alliance
People’s(Populist)Party
-OmahaPlatform
-Geographicbase
ConditionsfacingblackfarmersintheSouth
-grandfatherclause
Electionof1892/GroverCleveland
Depressionof1893
-contributingcauses
-RepealofShermanSilverPurchaseActof1890(1893)
-RoleofJ.P.Morgan
Wilson-GormanTariff(1894)
IndustryComesofAge,1865-1900(Chapter24)
IcanexplainhowthetranscontinentalrailroadnetworkprovidedthebasisforthegreatpostCivilWarindustrialtransformation.(Pages528-534)
FederalLandGrantstoRailroads
UnionPacificRailroad
-CréditMobilierconstructioncompany
-Irishlabor
CentralPacificRailroad
-BigFour
-ChineseLabor
Significanceofthetranscontinentalrailroad
CorneliusVanderbilt
Steelrail/standardgauge/airbrake/Pullmancars
Economiceffectofcompletedrailwaynetwork
Icanidentifytheabusesintherailroadindustryanddiscusshowtheseledtothefirsteffortsat
industrialregulationbythefederalgovernment.(Pages534-536)
Stockwatering
Pool
Rebates/kickbacks
Wabashcase(1886)
InterstateCommerceAct(1887)
-InterstateCommerceCommission
Icandescribehowtheeconomycametobedominatedbygiant‘trusts,”andearlygovernment
effortstolimittheirinfluence.(Pages536-543)
Roleofthefollowinginpostwarindustrialexpansion:
-liquidcapital
-naturalresources
-immigration
-innovation
-AlexanderGrahamBell
-ThomasAlvaEdison
verticalintegration(CarnegieSteel)
horizontalintegration(StandardOil)
trust
interlockingdirectorate
Steelindustry
-BessemerProcess
-AndrewCarnegie
-J.PMorgan
Oilindustry
-JohnD.Rockefeller
-“AmericanBeautyRose”analogy
Meattrust/GustavusF.SwiftandPhilipArmour
GospelofWealth/AndrewCarnegie
SocialDarwinism/WilliamGrahamSumner
ShermanAntitrustAct(1890)
Icananalyzethesocialchangesbroughtbyindustrialization.(Pages543-549)
ReasonsforSouthernfailuretoindustrialize
ImpactofIndustrialRevolution:
-onwomen
-increasingwealthgap
-wagedependency
-pressureforforeigntrade
IcanexplainthefailuresoftheKnightsofLaborandthemodestsuccessoftheAmerican
FederationofLabor.(Pages549-555)
lockout
yellowdogcontract
blacklist
companytown
NationalLaborUnion(1866)
KnightsofLabor(1869)
-TerenceV.Powderly
-Alsoseepages552-553
HaymarketSquare(1886)
ReasonsforthedeclineoftheKnightsofLabor
AmericanFederationofLabor(1886)
-SamuelGompers
AmericaMovestotheCity,1865-1900(Chapter25)
IcandescribethenewindustrialcityanditsimpactonAmericansociety.(Pages557-560)
ChangestoAmericancities
-skyscrapers/LouisSullivan
-elevator
-electrictrolley
-consumerism/classdivisions
TheodoreDreiser/SisterCarrie(1900)
Dumbbelltenement
Bedroomcommunities
Icandescribethe“NewImmigration”andexplainwhyitarousedoppositionfrommanynativebornAmericans.(Pages561-565)
Newimmigration
-sourceareas/religion
-socialcharacteristics
-settlementpatterns
Pushfactors
Pullfactors
IcandiscusstheeffortsofsocialreformersandchurchestoaidtheNewImmigrantsand
alleviateurbanproblems.(Pages565-568)
Newimmigrantsandpoliticalbosses
“socialgospel”
JaneAddams/HullHouse(1889)
Settlementhousemovement
LillianWald
FlorenceKelley
Womenintheworkforce
Icandescribenative-bornoppositiontothenewimmigrants.(Pages568-571)
Reasonsfornativistsentiment
AmericanProtectiveAssociation(1887)
Organizedlaborandnewimmigrants
Federalrestrictionsaimedatnewimmigrants
IcananalyzethechangesinAmericanreligiouslifeinthelatenineteenthcentury.
(Pages571-573)
Urbanrevivalists
DwightLymanMoody
SalvationArmy
MaryBakerEddy/ChristianScientists(1879)
YMCA/YWCA
CharlesDarwin/OntheOriginofSpecies(1859)
“Fundamentalists”
“Modernists”
IcanexplainthechangesinAmericaneducationfromelementarytothecollegelevel.
(Pages573-576)
riseofpubliceducation
normalschools
Chautauquamovement
BookerT.Washington
-TuskegeeInstitute
-“accommodationist”viewpoint
GeorgeWashingtonCarver
Dr.W.E.B.DuBois
NAACP(1910)
Womeninhighereducation/Vassar
Blacksinhighereducation/Howard,Hampton
MorrillActof1862/landgrantcolleges
HatchAct(1887)
WilliamJames/pragmatism
Icandescribetheliteraryandculturallifeoftheperiod,includingthewidespreadtrendtowards
“realism.”(Pages576-581)
Carnegielibraries
Newspapers
-linotype(1885)
-appealofsensationalism
-JosephPulitzer/NewYorkWorld
-YellowKidcomic/yellowjournalism
-WilliamRandolphHearst
AuthorsoftheGildedAge
-HenryGeorge/ProgressandPoverty/singletax
-EdwardBellamy/LookingBackward(1888)
-HoratioAlger
-WaltWhitman/LeavesofGrass
-EmilyDickinson
-KateChopin
-MarkTwain
-BretHarte
-StephenCrane
-HenryJames
-JackLondon
-PaulLawrenceDunbar
-CharlesW.Chestnutt
-TheodoreDreiser
Icanexplainthegrowingnationaldebatesaboutmoralityinthelatenineteenthcentury,
particularlyinrelationtothechangingrolesofwomenandthefamily.(Pages581-586)
VictoriaWoodhull
AnthonyComstock/The“ComstockLaw”
Effectofurbanlifeonthefamily
Effectofurbanlifeonwomen
CharlottePerkinsGilman
NationalAmericanWomenSuffrageAssociation(1890)
ElizabethCadyStanton
SusanB.Anthony
CarrieChapmanCatt
Women’sClubMovement
IdaB.Wells
Woman’sChristianTemperanceUnion(1874)
CarrieA.Nation
Anti-SaloonLeague(1893)
Icanidentifyartisticandotherleisure-timepursuitsoftheGildedAge.(Pages586-589)
JamesWhistler
WinslowHomer
AugustusSaint-Gaudens
Music
-SymphonyorchestrasinBostonandChicago
-MetropolitanOperaHouseinNewYork
-Blackfolktraditions/ragtime,jazz,theblues
-thephonograph
Vaudeville
Minstrelshows
Circus/P.T.Barnum
WildWestShows/”BuffaloBill”Cody,AnnieOakley
Sports
-Baseball
-Football
-Pugilism
-Croquet
-TheBicyclecraze
-Basketball