GEOMETRY A
ATTENTION MATH STUDENTS !
When: The first Tuesday class meets Tuesday August 21st at 12:30-2:30.
Where: The Math Classes meet in room C-212.
Be Ready for the First Day of Class:
1. Bring the “Summer Plan” work in a folder with the total number of correctly worked problems listed on the cover
sheet. The “Summer Plan” is made of any math problems the student has worked during the months of June, July
and August, using problems from the math course he has just finished). The purpose is REVIEW. If the student has
done no math during the summer, he has probably forgotten some of his last year’s material. This review of his last
year’s work is crucial, so that he will not begin the new course this fall with a knowledge deficit and be behind
classmates! Place all checked and corrected math problems worked during June, July and August in a folder with the
total number of problems worked written on a cover sheet. He will receive extra credit (Bonus Points) for this work
in a ration of 1bonus point for every 4 problems correctly worked.
2. Geometry students, pre-read 1-1 through1-4 (pages 3-25) and be ready for a quiz over the Postulates 1-11 and
definitions in sections 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, and 1-4.
3. Make, memorize, and bring flashcards to be checked. See attached vocabulary pages.
4. Have your questions about sections 1-1 through 1-4 ready.
5. Have your name on everything: spiral, binder, calculator, text book’s book cover, etc.
Bring to the First Class:
1. Text book: Addison-Wesley’s Geometry ISBN 0-201-29022-7 or ISBN 0-201-81260-6 or other more recent
editions. These books are available to rent for the year from TAFA for $20. Please pick up your book as soon as
possible so that you can complete the Pre-first class assignment!
2. Flashcards (3x5 cards) made from the attachment “Pre-first Class Vocabulary”. Make flashcards for all terms you
do not already know. Bring blank cards to make new flashcards in class every week.
3. Summer Plan work in a folder.(Any math problems worked as review during the summer.)
4. Spiral notebook for note taking.
5. A scientific calculator (costs less than $15).
6. Two binders: one for current work and one to store returned homework, quizzes, and tests.
7. Pen, pencils, paper, compass, protractor, graph paper, blank 3x5 cards, and hi-liter.
8. Worked “Practice Problems” (the “Examples” and “Try This” on pages 4, 8, 9, 14, 15, 21, and 22).
*Students will receive two handouts that are to be signed by parents and checked at the 2nd class.
Each Week:
1.
Work the assigned problems over the lessons taught in class. After Mom or Dad grades the odd numbered
problems (answers in back of book), the student corrects each missed problem on a Corrections Page stapled to
the front of that lesson. All work must be shown.
2.
Pre-read the next new lessons to be taught as assigned and come ready to ask questions about any new or
old problems that are troublesome.
3.
Student work the “Example” problems and the “Try This” as a mandatory part of the assignment, and
writes the total number of these worked problems at the top of his page. These become Bonus Points. Bonus
Points are added to ChapterTest grades!
4.
Students keep all returned papers neatly organized in the storage binder.
5.
Student write all assignments in the back of his Spiral notebook each week.
6.
Students check the weekly email I send.
7.
Students be ready for a Quiz over homework (information taught in the previous week’s class).
* Students get “overs” on the Problem Sets and the Practice Problems, meaning their grade reflects the total number of correctly
worked problems after all possible corrections are made.
** SHOW ALL WORK . Work problems as shown in class . No work shown means no credit.
*** Parents, please sign all work turned in by your student: homework problem sets, practice problems, tests taken and
supervised at home, etc. Dress Code: To provide the optimum, distraction-free learning environment and as an expression of our conservative,
Christian values, I respectfully request that you honor the TAFA dress code.
“Work hard at whatever you do.” Ecclesiastes 9:10
Diligence leads to success. Proverbs 10:4
“You are young, . . . Be an example to show believers how they should live. Show them with your words, with the way you
live, with your love, with your faith, and with your pure life.” 1Timothy 4:12
Mary Hamilton Thanks for your careful attention to this important information.
Questions? Telephone: (817) 921-4404
Email: m_s_hamilton@yahoo.com
Web site: www.maryhamilton.us
Ps Parents are invited to attend my classes any time! In fact, by attending early in the semester, a parent will better understand the class
format and better able to encourage the student!
Please print and file the above and below information and file all hand-outs in your binder for future reference.
Please email me (“REPLY Geometry A”) back so I’ll know that you accessed this syllabus and so that I’ll have an accurate email
address for you . Thanks. ϑ
BEFORE CLASSES BEGIN IN AUGUST
PRE-FIRST CLASS VOCABULARY/FORMULAS
All Algebra 1 and Geometry students should already know all of these words, definitions, and formulas. Most of these terms are part
of grades 1-6 curricula. Make flashcards for and memorize any definitions/formulas you do not already know.
Print a copy of 1-68 and the following 1-42 and 1-31 for your notebook.
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Geometry-means “to measure the earth.” Geometry involves measuring shapes.
Angle- two rays that share a common endpoint (vertex).
Perpendicular lines- lines that intersect to form a right angle.
Parallel lines- lines in the same plane that never intersect.
Similar figures- figures that have the same shape.
Congruent figures- figures that have the same shape and same size.
Intersecting lines- lines that cross at some point.
Plane- is represented by a smooth, flat surface that has no thickness and extends indefinitely in all directions.
~ is the symbol for similar.
Polygon- a simple, closed figure made up of line segments.
Triangle- a polygon with 3 sides.
Quadrilateral- a polygon with 4 sides.
Pentagon- a polygon with 5 sides.
Hexagon- a polygon with 6 sides.
Heptagon- a polygon with 7 sides.
Octagon- a polygon with 8 sides.
Vertices- points where the sides of polygons meet.
Parallelogram- a quadrilateral having opposite sides parallel (2 pair of parallel sides)
Rectangle- a quadrilateral having opposite sides parallel and 4 right angles.
Right angle- a 90 degree angle.
Straight angle- a 180 degree angle (a straight line).
Square- a quadrilateral having opposite sides parallel and 4 right angles and all sides equal.
Rhombus- a quadrilateral with opposite sides parallel and all sides equal.
Trapezoid- a quadrilateral with only one pair of parallel sides.
Acute angle- an angle of less than 90 degrees.
Obtuse angle- an angle of more than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees.
Isosceles triangle- a triangle having 2 sides equal.
Scalene triangle- a triangle having no sides equal.
Equilateral triangle- a triangle having all 3 sides equal.
Sum- the answer to an addition problem.
Difference- the answer to a subtraction problem.
Product- the answer to a multiplication problem.
Quotient- the answer to a division problem.
Proper fraction- a fraction representing a number less than one. (like ½ , 3/4 , 6/9 , etc.)
Improper fraction- a fraction representing a number more than one. (like 6/3, 3/2, 8/3, etc.)
Addends- the numbers being added.
Factors- the numbers being multiplied.
Prime number- a whole number greater than 1 whose only whole number factors are 1 & itself.
Composite number- a whole number greater than 1 which is not prime.
Numerator- the top number of a fraction.
Denominator- the bottom number of a fraction.
Equivalent fractions- fractions which have the same value.
Perimeter- the distance around a polygon.
A number is divisible by 2 if- it ends in 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8.
A number is divisible by 10 if- it ends in 0.
A number is divisible by 5 if- it ends in 0 or 5.
A number is divisible by 3 if- the sum of its digits is divisible by 3. (For 27, 2+7=9 and 9 is divisible by 3).
A number is divisible by 9 if- the sum of its digits is divisible by 9. (For 27, 2+7=9 and 9 is divisible by 9).
A number is divisible by 4 if- the last 2 digits are 00, or the last 2 digits are divisible by 4.
1 foot = 12 inches
1 yard = 3 feet
1mile = 5,280 feet
1meter = 100 centimeters (just like 1dollar = 100 cents)
1kilometer = 1000 meters (just like Y2K = the year 2000)
Mode- the number that appears the most often
Median- the middle number
Mean- the average
Area of a triangle = ½ bh (b is base and h is height) (Base is perpendicular to height.)
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Area of a rectangle = bh
Area of a parallelogram = bh
Ratio- a comparison of two numbers.
Rate- a ratio.
Equivalent equations - equations having the same solution.
The product of any number and its reciprocal is __? .
one
The only number which does not have a reciprocal is __?
zero
Dividing by 2 is the same as multiplying by __? .
½
Be sure that you know perfectly all the ADD FACTS up through 9 + 9 = 18. (Ex. 7+8=15, etc.)
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Be sure that you know perfectly all the MULTIPLICATION TABLES through 12x12=144.
Algebra 1 and Geometry students should have learned all of the terms below before exiting the Algebra 1 course.
Make flashcards for and begin memorizing any definitions/formulas that you do not already know.
1. 2 points determine a Line.
2. 3 non-collinear points determine a plane.
3. A half-line
Ray
4. 2 rays joined at a common vertex
angle
5. An angle more than 180 and less than 360
Reflex angle
6. Angles which share a common vertex and a common side and do not overlap
adjacent angles
7. 2 angles whose sum is 90 degrees
complementary angles
8. 2 angles whose sum is 180 degrees
supplementary angles
9. 2 opposite angles formed by intersecting lines
vertical angles
10. The distance of a number from the origin
absolute value
11. Changing the order of the addends does not change the sum.
commutative property of addition
12. Changing the grouping of the addends does not change the sum.
associative property of addition
13. The perimeter of a circle
circumference
14. Area of a circle
Saxon Algebra1 page 39, 40
15. Area of a rectangle
A=bh
Saxon Algebra1 page 37,38
16. Area of a triangle
A=1/2 bh
Saxon Algebra1 page 38, 39
17. The base and height are always ___ to each other.
perpendicular
18. Volume of a cylinder
V=(area of the base)h
Saxon Algebra1 page 244
19. Volume of a cone (or pyramid)
V=1/3(area of the base)h
Saxon Algebra1 page 244
20. Volume of a sphere
V=2/3(area of the base)h
Saxon Algebra1 page 244
21. A part of a circle is an
arc
22. Area of a wedge of a circle
sector
23. A segment that connects 2 points on a circle
chord
24. A closed figure made of line segments joined at the end points only
polygon
Saxon Algebra1 page 520
25. A polygon with all sides congruent and all angles congruent
regular polygon Saxon Algebra1 page 521
26. Consecutive integers
N, N+1, N+2, ...
Saxon Algebra1 page 313-317
27. Consecutive odd integers N, N+2, N+4, ...
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28. Consecutive even integers N, N+2, N+4,...
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29. The number under the radical sign is called the radicand.
Saxon Algebra1 page 84
30. Equations containing variables are called Conditional equations.
Saxon Algebra1 page 96, 97
31. Equation having the same solutions are called equivalent equations. Saxon Algebra1 page 99, 271, 333
32. Opposite
Additive inverse
Saxon Algebra1 page 515
33. Reciprocal Multiplicative inverse
Saxon Algebra1 page 519
34. The product of any number and its reciprocal is one.
35. The sum of any number and its opposite is zero.
36. Scientific Notation a method of writing a number as a product of a decimal number and a power of 10. page 522
37. Concave Polygon a polygon in which at least one interior angle has a measure greater than 180⁰ .
page 516
38. Order of Operations
PEMDAS
Saxon Algebra1 page 52-59
39. Least Common Multiple is the smallest whole number into which several other whole numbers will divide evenly. p.171
40. Counting Numbers
{1, 2, 3, ...}
Saxon Algebra1 page 15, 23, 248
41. Whole Numbers
{0, 1, 2, 3, ...}
Saxon Algebra1 page 23, 248
42. Integers
{...-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ...}
Saxon Algebra1 page 23, 248
Geometry Students should also know all of the following terms. Make flashcards for and memorize terms that you do not
already know. (You should remember terms 1- 31 below from Algebra 1.)
1.
Monomial
2. Binomial
a polynomial of one term
a polynomial of 2 terms
Saxon Algebra1 page 194-195
Saxon Algebra1 page 194-195
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Trinomial
a polynomial of 3 terms
Saxon Algebra1 page 194-195
Relation
a pairing that matches each element of the domain with one or more images in the range p. 118, 347
Function
a pairing that matches each element of the domain with only one image in the range
p. 118, 347
Subtraction
the inverse operation of addition
Division
the inverse operation of multiplication
Squaring
the inverse operation of taking the square root
Domain
The set of permissible replacement values for the independent variable of a function. The “X’s” p. 260
Range
the set of permissible replacement values for the dependent variable of a function. The “Y’s”. p.338
Direct Variation
y = kx
Saxon Algebra1 page 473-474
Inverse Variation
y = k/x
Saxon Algebra1 page 476-477
Hypotenuse
the side opposite the right angle in a right triangle
Saxon Algebra1 page 406
Legs
the 2 sides which form the right angle in a right triangle
Saxon Algebra1 page 406-407
Set
a collection of objects
Saxon Algebra1 page 23
Cube
a 3-dimensional geometric figure whose 6 faces are identical squares Saxon Algebra1 page 86
Pythagorean Theorem
a² + b² = c²
Saxon Algebra1 page 407
Exponential Growth Formula
Saxon Algebra 1, page 480
Interest Compounded Annually Formula
Saxon Algebra 1, page 480
Area of a Kite Formula
Area= (diagonal x diagonal) ÷ 2
The Slope Formula
Slope = rise ÷ run
Saxon Algebra 1, page 415
The distance between 2 points formula
Saxon Algebra 1, page 412
Surface Area of a Cone
S.A.= πr² + πrl
Saxon Algebra 1, page 296
Volume Formula of a cone
V = 1/3 (area of base) x height Saxon Algebra 1, page 294
Volume Formula of a Sphere
V = 4/3 πr³
Saxon Algebra 1, page 380
i = prt
interest = principal x rate x time (The simple interest formula)
y = mx + b
slope-intercept formula of a line (m = slope and b = y intercept)
Rational Number
any number which can be written as a fraction
Irrational Number
any number which is both non-terminating and non-repeating (can’t be written as fract.)
Null Set
the set that has no members (Also called the Empty Set)
Postulate
a statement that is assumed to be true without proof. (Also called an Axiom)