Lesson 7 Outline
88
1. Notes on
¤  Nucleic
acids
¤  Nucleotides
L7: Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA
89
q  Nucleotide= the monomer
q  Nucleic acid= long chain
of nucleotides (polymer)
L7: Nucleic Acids
90
Nucleotides are held
together when the
phosphate group of one
covalently bonds to the
sugar of another. This is
called the sugar
phosphate backbone
¨
Phosphate
Sugar
Nitrogenous Base
L7 What makes up a Nucleotide
91
A nucleotide is made up of 3 parts:
1.  A 5 carbon sugar (either ribose, or deoxyribose)
2.  A Phosphate group
3.  A nitrogenous base of 4 types
92
L7: Three Types of Essential Nucleotides
94
1. Ribose Nucleotides
(RNA)
¤
Contains a ribose sugar
n
Cytosine, uracil, adenine,
guanine
2. Deoxyribose
nucleotides (DNA)
¤
Contains deoxyribose
n
Adenine, guanine, cytosine and
thymine
L7
95
3.  ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
¤
A nucleotide with 3 phosphate groups. It is the energy
currency of the cell!!
L7 Structures of all 3
97
DNA
RNA
ATP
L7 : Uses of Nucleic Acids
98
DNA
¨
¤ Carries
genetic information
RNA
¨
¤ Used
in protein synthesis
ATP
¨
¤ Used
for energy source in cells
L7 Activity Extract Some DNA
99
¨
Do DNA saliva extraction lab
Super Important Molecule!!
100
Aspartame
It is a dipeptide of Aspartic acid (aa)
And phenylalanine
(aa).
However it is a
methyl ester of the
dipeptide…. L7: Quiz
101
1.  What are three parts to a nucleotide?
2.  What is ATP used for?
3.  Which nucleic acid is used to store genetic
information?
4.  Which nucleic acid is this?
L7: Quiz
102
1.  What are three parts to a nucleotide?
1.  Phosphate, sugar and base
2.  What is ATP used for?
1.  Energy source for cells
3.  Which nucleic acid is used to store genetic
information?
1.  DNA
4.  Which nucleic acid is this?
1.  DNA