WEBSITE
of the lecture notes
(presentations in PDF)
www.ara.bme.hu
in MENU click:
/ EDUCATION
/ SUBJECTS / COURSES
find
„BMEGT42A003”
„ENGLISH_course”
„2012-2013-I”
admin/
ea_lecture/
gyak_seminar/
labor_laboratory/
vizsga_exam/
2nd part: 1st lecture 2012.10.24.
Neptun code: BMEGT42A003
Environmental
Management Systems
2012-2013-I.
1st part lecturer:
Piroska HARAZIN, assistant lecturer (harazin@eik.bme.hu)
Dept. Environmental Economics
Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, BME
2nd part lecturer:
Jenő Miklós SUDA, PhD, assistant professor (suda@ara.bme.hu)
Dept. Fluid Mechanics („AE” building)
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, BME
WEBSITE of the lecture presentations in PDF / PPT:
www.ara.bme.hu/oktatas/tantargy/NEPTUN/BMEGT42A003/ENGLISH_course/2012-2013-I/
Based on: „Training for the Future”, „Course for sustainability”
Based on: Training for the Future
Course Introduction
Background
• Part of a project “Training for the Future” Financed by
EU Leonardo da Vinci Program
(project number: HU/04/B/F/PP-170019)
• Deliverables:
– training course (in Estonia and in Hungary)
– Training book (English, Hungarian and Estonian)
– Trainer’s guide (English)
– Multimedia learning kit and film
– Handbook
Environmental Management Systems
1st part + 2nd part
1st part: focuses on the environmental economics
1-7. weeks : 1st part, presented by
Ms. Piroska HARAZIN
Dept. Environmental Economics
Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences
www.kornygazd.bme.hu, harazin@eik.bme.hu
2nd part: introduction & basics of EMS from Mech. Eng. viewpoint
8-14. weeks: 2nd part, presented by
Jenő Miklós SUDA, PhD.
Dept. Fluid Mechanics
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
www.ara.bme.hu, suda@ara.bme.hu
Requirements: practical mark based on 2 tests (min. 50% from each)
1st test from part1: on the 7th week
2nd test from part2: on the 14th week
GRADES
0
< % < 50 %
50% <= % < 62,5 %
(1) fail
(2) acceptable
62.5% <= % < 77,5 %
77,5% <= % < 90 %
90% <= % <= 100 %
(3) medium
(4) good
(5) excellent
Environmental Management Systems
TIMETABLE
BMEGT42A003 Environmental Management Systems 2012-2013-I. TIMETABLE
Lecture Nr. Week
Date
Day
Time
Room Nr.
2
0
1
2
.0
9
.0
5
WE
D
1
2
:1
5
1
4
:0
0
D . building 3 1 6 A
1.
1st week
2 0 1 2 .0 9 .1 1
TUE
1 4 :1 5 - 1 6 :0 0
D . building 3 1 6 A
2.
2nd week
2
0
1
2
.0
9
.1
2
WE
D
1
2
:1
5
1
4
:0
0
D . building 3 1 6 A
3.
WE D
1 2 :1 5 - 1 4 :0 0
D . building 3 1 6 A
4.
3rd week 2 0 1 2 .0 9 .1 9
2
0
1
2
.0
9
.2
5
T
U
E
1
4
:1
5
1
6
:0
0
D . building 3 1 6 A
5.
4th week
2 0 1 2 .0 9 .2 6
WE D
1 2 :1 5 - 1 4 :0 0
D . building 3 1 6 A
6.
WE D
1 2 :1 5 - 1 4 :0 0
D . building 3 1 6 A
7.
5th week 2 0 1 2 .1 0 .0 3
2
0
1
2
.1
0
.0
9
T
U
E
1
4
:1
5
1
6
:0
0
D . building 3 1 6 A
8.
6th week
2 0 1 2 .1 0 .1 0
WE D
1 2 :1 5 - 1 4 :0 0
D . building 3 1 6 A
9.
2
0
1
2
.1
0
.1
7
WE
D
1
2
:1
5
1
4
:0
0
D . building 3 1 6 A
10.
7th week
2 0 1 2 .1 0 .2 3
TUE
c anc elled
c anc elled
11.
8th week
2
0
1
2
.1
0
.2
4
WE
D
1
2
:1
5
1
4
:0
0
D
. building 3 1 6 A
12.
WE D
1 2 :1 5 - 1 4 :0 0
D . building 3 1 6 A
13.
9th week 2 0 1 2 .1 0 .3 1
2
0
1
2
.1
1
.0
6
T
U
E
1
4
:1
5
1
6
:0
0
D . building 3 1 6 A
14.
10th week
2 0 1 2 .1 1 .0 7
WE D
1 2 :1 5 - 1 4 :0 0
D . building 3 1 6 A
15.
WE D
c anc elled
c anc elled
16.
11th week 2 0 1 2 .1 1 .1 4
2
0
1
2
.1
1
.2
0
T
U
E
1
4
:1
5
1
6
:0
0
D . building 3 1 6 A
17.
12th week
2 0 1 2 .1 1 .2 1
WE D
1 2 :1 5 - 1 4 :0 0
D . building 3 1 6 A
18.
2
0
1
2
.1
1
.2
8
WE
D
1
2
:1
5
1
4
:0
0
D . building 3 1 6 A
19.
13rd week
2 0 1 2 .1 2 .0 4
TUE
1 4 :1 5 - 1 6 :0 0
D . building 3 1 6 A
20.
14th week
2
0
1
2
.1
2
.0
5
WE
D
1
2
:1
5
1
4
:0
0
D . building 3 1 6 A
21.
extra
15th week 2 0 1 2 .1 2 .1 1
TUE
1 0 :1 5 - 1 4 :0 0
KF5 1 (M ain building
A ud M ax)
Lecturer
P. HARAZIN
P. HARAZIN
P. HARAZIN
P. HARAZIN
P. HARAZIN
P. HARAZIN
P. HARAZIN
P. HARAZIN
P. HARAZIN
P. HARAZIN
J.M. Suda
J.M. Suda 1st lecture
J.M. Suda 2nd lecture
J.M. Suda 3rd lecture
J.M. Suda 4th lecture
J.M. Suda
J.M. Suda 5th lecture
J.M. Suda 6th lecture
J.M. Suda 7th lecture
J.M. Suda 8th lecture
J.M. Suda
Tests
1st TEST
23rd Oct 1956
TDK day
2nd TEST
reTESTs
Environmental Management Systems
Contents of Part 2
1. Scientific background: basics of environmental pollution / protection,
processes (with examples, case studies: measurement & simulation)
2. Focusing on sustainable development
3. International process and main actors
4. Summary of concepts concerning sustainable development
5. Thinking long term – confronting global climate change
6. Examples (e.g. Future of the oil consumption?)
7. Global environmental trends
On the last lecture of Part2 = test from the 2nd part (on 14th week)
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Earth (full mass: 1024 kg), water (1021 kg), atmosphere (1018 kg)
Biosphere (1015 kg, about 15-16 km thick layer)
def.: Biosphere is the part of the
lithosphere + atmosphere + hydrosphere,
where living beings are present. (<1024kg)
Components of biosphere (5 natural + 1 artificial)
NATURAL:
ARTIFICIAL:
- ground (soil)
- air
- water
- living kingdom
- landscape
- built environment
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Components of biosphere
NATURAL
- ground (soil)
- air
= basic rock material, mineral, soil, agricultural land
= atmosphere (inner & outer atmosphere)
inner = tropo-, stratoouter = mezo-, thermo-,
- water
= hydrosphere (beyond / above water surface)
- living creatures = flora (vegetable kingdom) & fauna (animal kingdom)
- landscape
= landscape that is present in its natural own
ARTIFICIAL
- built environment= human settlements, city, town, etc., industrial plants,
agricultural plants, transportation traffic roads etc.
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
?
BIOSPHERE ……=…..ENVIRONMENT
When we say „environment” usually it means „biosphere”
Environment = sum of the living creatures and dead matter on the
Earth (ground+atmosphere+water) that are present
around the living organisms.
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
micro-environment (small-scale: street in a city, hall of a building)
meso-environment (intermediate-scale: integrated unit of the nature:
e.g. town, territorial or natural integration)
macro-environment (large-scale: country, continent, global scale)
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
micro-environment (small-scale: street in a city, hall of a building)
meso-environment (intermediate-scale: integrated unit of the nature:
e.g. town, territorial or natural integration)
macro-environment (large-scale: country, continent, global scale)
CASE STUDY:
- Millennium City Center (Budapest) / pollutant dispersion
- Mamut I. and II. shopping center (Budapest) / wind comfort
- Papp László Sportarena (Budapest) / fire on stage, climate
- Chemical hazard on a public streat / preparing official movements
- Chemical hazard in a building
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
micro-environment (small-scale: street in a city, hall of a building)
CASE STUDY:
- Millennium City Center (Budapest) / pollutant dispersion
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
micro-environment (small-scale: street in a city, hall of a building)
CASE STUDY:
- Millennium City Center (Budapest) / pollutant dispersion
13
14
7
15
8
16
8
12
7
11
6
9
10
6
5
1
1
4
2
4
3
5
3
2
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
micro-environment (small-scale: street in a city, hall of a building)
CASE STUDY:
- Millennium City Center (Budapest) / pollutant dispersion
WIND TUNNEL MODEL
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
micro-environment (small-scale: street in a city, hall of a building)
CASE STUDY:
- Millennium City Center (Budapest) / pollutant dispersion
CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)
3D modell geometry
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
CFD:
computed
flow field
&
pressure
distribution
(wind load)
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
micro-environment (small-scale: street in a city, hall of a building)
CASE STUDY:
- Millennium City Center (Budapest) / pollutant dispersion
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
micro-environment (small-scale: street in a city, hall of a building)
CASE STUDY:
- Millennium City Center (Budapest) / pollutant dispersion
CFD: emission gas concetration vs. wind directions
NW-NNW
SW-SSW
N-NE
W
E
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
micro-environment (small-scale: street in a city, hall of a building)
CASE STUDY:
- Chemical hazard on a public streat / preparing official movements
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
micro-environment (small-scale: street in a city, hall of a building)
CASE STUDY:
- Mamut I. and II. shopping center (Budapest) / wind comfort
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
micro-environment (small-scale: street in a city, hall of a building)
CASE STUDY:
- Papp László Sportarena (Budapest) / wind comfort & fire on stage
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
micro-environment (small-scale: street in a city, hall of a building)
CASE STUDY:
- Papp László Sportarena (Budapest) / wind comfort & fire on stage
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
micro-environment (small-scale: street in a city, hall of a building)
CASE STUDY:
- Papp László Sportarena (Budapest) / wind comfort & fire on stage
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
micro-environment (small-scale: street in a city, hall of a building)
CASE STUDY:
- Papp László Sportarena (Budapest) / wind comfort & fire on stage
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
micro-environment (small-scale: street in a city, hall of a building)
CASE STUDY:
- Chemical hazard in a building
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
micro-environment (small-scale: street in a city, hall of a building)
CASE STUDY:
- Chemical hazard in a building
Concentration at the end of the 2nd, 5th and 10th minutes:
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
micro-environment (small-scale: street in a city, hall of a building)
meso-environment (intermediate-scale: integrated unit of the nature:
e.g. whole town, territorial or natural
integration)
macro-environment (large-scale: country, continent, global scale)
CASE STUDY:
- TOKYO air quality modelling & pandemic simulation
- „M0” motorway (ring around Budapest) / pollutant dispersion, noise
- Chemical hazard on open terrain
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
meso-environment (intermediate-scale: integrated unit of the nature:
e.g. town, territorial or natural integration)
CASE STUDY:
- TOKYO air quality study
Estimated weekday vehicle NOx and SPM (equivalent to PM7) emissions
summed over the target area for Case 1-4 are shown in Figure. In year 2015,
vehicle NOx and SPM emissions were estimated to be reduced from year 1999
by 44% and 45%, respectively, only by the replacement with newer vehicles and
current regulations. An additional regulation would reduce NOx emission further
by 8%, but excluding high-emitters may be more effective than new regulations.
Fraction of road dust and tire wear became larger in SPM emission, and
influences of a new regulation on vehicle exhaust were negligible.
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
meso-environment (intermediate-scale: integrated unit of the nature:
e.g. town, territorial or natural integration)
CASE STUDY: - TOKYO Metropolitan as a heat island
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
meso-environment (intermediate-scale: integrated unit of the nature:
e.g. town, territorial or natural integration)
CASE STUDY: - TOKYO Metropolitan as a heat island
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
meso-environment (intermediate-scale: integrated unit of the nature:
e.g. town, territorial or natural integration)
CASE STUDY: - TOKYO Metropolitan as a heat island
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
meso-environment (intermediate-scale: integrated unit of the nature:
e.g. town, territorial or natural integration)
It is used then together with micro-scale city planning study:
How to relocating the expressway underground along the river?
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
meso-environment (intermediate-scale: integrated unit of the nature:
e.g. town, territorial or natural integration)
CASE STUDY:
- TOKYO pandemic simulation (H5N1)
see also separate PDF presentation!
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
CASE STUDY (meso–scale):
- „M0” motorway (ring around Budapest) / pollutant dispersion, noise
EXP study in atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel
NUMERICAL SIMULATION
FLUENT & MISKAM
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
CASE STUDY: „M0” motorway (ring around Budapest) / pollutant dispersion,
noise(EXP+NUMSIM study
2006/0
2018/0
2018/1
2018/3
2018/3.1
2018/6
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
meso-environment (intermediate-scale: integrated unit of the nature:
e.g. town, territorial or natural integration)
CASE STUDY:
- Chemical hazard on open terrain (digital terrain in Hungary)
z [mm]
350.00
340.00
330.00
320.00
310.00
300.00
290.00
280.00
270.00
260.00
250.00
240.00
230.00
220.00
210.00
200.00
190.00
Forrás
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
meso-environment (intermediate-scale: integrated unit of the nature:
e.g. town, territorial or natural integration)
CASE STUDY:
- Chemical hazard on open terrain (wind tunnel model)
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
meso-environment (intermediate-scale: integrated unit of the nature:
e.g. town, territorial or natural integration)
CASE STUDY:
- Chemical hazard on open terrain (CONCENTRATION DISTR.)
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Stages of environment (based on their magnitude)
micro-environment (small-scale: street in a city, hall of a building)
meso-environment (intermediate-scale: integrated unit of the nature:
e.g. town, territorial or natural integration)
macro-environment (large-scale: country, continent, global scale)
CASE STUDY:
- Predicted CO concentration distribution over Hungary on 9th of December
2008 (when official smog hazard was announced)
(research by the Hungarian Meteorological Service)
- STUDY: of GHG emission in EU15 (e.g. carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions
from domestic transport in EU. (GHG = green house gases)
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
CASE STUDY: Predicted CO concentration distribution over Hungary on
9th of December 2008 (when official smog hazard was announced)
Passenger cars
Motorcycles
Heavy and light duties
700
thousand
600
500
400
300
200
100
Number of vehicles in Budapest
0
1996-1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
Annual emission released from road traffic in Budapest in 2004 (tons/y)
CO
CH
NO2
86492.7 10730.6 23700.7
SO2
Particles
CO2
176.8
3363.2
1822160
2005
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
CASE STUDY: Predicted CO concentration distribution over
Hungary on 9th of December 2008 (when official smog
hazard was announced)
100.0
NO2 concentration, 09. 12. 2008
ug/m3
80.0
60.0
40.0
Predicted NO2 concentration
distribution over Hungary at 08:00
UTC on 9 December 2008
suburban
20.0
downtown
calculated at the downtown
0.0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
hour
60
suburban
Ozone concentration, 09.12. 2008.
50
downtown
calculated at the downtown site
ug/m3
40
30
20
Predicted CO concentration
distribution over Hungary at 08:00
UTC on 9 December 2008
10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
hour
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Environmental Management Systems
CASE STUDY of GHG emission in EU (e.g. carbon dioxide (CO2)
emissions from domestic transport in EU
Basics
200
180
Index (1990=100)
160
140
120
100
80
60
Civil aviation
Navigation
International aviation
40
Marine
20
0
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Environmental Management Systems
Basics / Definitions
Environmental pollution
def. = phenomena or process that has
direct or indirect
negative influences (endanger or deplete)
on the humans or on the environment.
„Negative influence” means that physical, chemical, biological
characteristics of the elements in the biosphere are modified or
depleted.
Materials of pollution (contaminants, impurities)
All material or compound that is not present naturally in the
biosphere, and their artificial presence can cause endangerous
processes. (endangering of flora + fauna + humans resources)
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
Environmental pollution PROCESS ELEMENTS
1) Emission
from pollutant source: point~, line~, surface~, volume~:
(e.g. chimney, traffic jam on a highway, forest fire, etc.)
types of emission:
- natural emission (e.g. volcanos)
- artificial emission (due to human activity)
or can be classified as
- primary emission (direct impact into environment)
- secondary emission (indirect impact e.g. dust particles are settled
down from the air, but disperse again due to the road traffic)
2) Transmission (pollutant transport)
- Influenced by the surface elements and climatic characteristics
- Decrease in pollutant concentration (local increase also)
- Transformation can occur (chemical reactions)
3) Immission (local impact of pollutants with given concentration)
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
ACTIVITIES of environmental protection
1) Decreasing of emission level
- technological / engineering / economical / financial task
- needs continuous development of technology
- IPPC: integrated pollution prevention control
- applying „BAT”: „best available technology”
2) Preventing transmission, blocking pollutant transport
- installation of pollutant monitoring system
* Hungary: from 1974: 11 measuring stations in Budapest
* capable for average and peak data acquisition
* pollution maps are plotted (hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, yearly)
- block transformation of pollutants in the atmosphere
3) Protecting against immission
- personal protective tools (filtering mask, mouth eye ear protectors)
Environmental Management Systems
Basics
TASKS of the environmental protection activity
1) Prevention (IPPC: integrated pollution prevention control)
2) Restoration, abatement (of the caused damage, injuries)
3) Reasonable, rational development / transformation / alteration
of the environment
4) Managing resources (aiming sustainable development)