Injury Revision
Common Injuries
1. Fractures – break or crack in the bone
2. Joint injuries – dislocation, torn cartilage
3. Muscle and soft tissue injuries – bruising, cuts, grazes, pulls/strains, sprains
Dangerous conditions
Hypothermia and concussion
Types of fracture/break
Simple/closed fracture – the bone is cracked or broken but the skin is not
damaged.
Open/compound fracture – clean break through the bone – the bone breaks
through the skin.
Stress fracture – small cracks throughout the length on the bone.
Signs and symptoms
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Hear or feel snap
Pain
Bleeding because bones contain nerves and blood vessels
Swelling and bruising when the blood leaks into the surrounding tissue.
Casualty cannot usually move the fractured limb/part of body
Limb may look deformed, twisted.
Joint, muscle and soft tissue injuries
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Joint injuries (e.g. dislocation, torn cartilage)
Muscle injuries (strains, sprains)
Soft tissue injuries (bruising, cuts/grazes)
Injury Revision
Examples of how injuries can be caused
TASK – make a spider diagram to demonstrate how injuries can be caused in
physical activity
Dangerous Conditions
Concussion – a head injury that occurs when the brain has been severely shaken
inside the cranium/skull.
Hypothermia – core body temperature is too low, drops to 35 degrees
(freezing).
TASK –
For each of these conditions;
1) Explain how it is caused
2) Indentify the signs and symptoms
3) Describe the action that should be taken
Injury Revision
How to prevent Injuries
TASK – create a spider diagram to demonstrate all of the precautions that
should be taken to minimise the risk of injury in sport and physical activity.
Injury Revision
Exam questions
1. Name three soft tissue injuries (3 marks)
2. Explain the three different types of fractures (6 marks)
3. How do the common injuries that can affect the skeletal system occur?
Give examples (8 marks)
4. Explain what is meant by hypothermia and explain the action that should
be taken for someone in this condition. (4 marks)
5.
It is important to lift and carry equipment safely. Describe the
technique that you should use when doing this. (3 marks)
6. A fun run race will be in July and it could be very hot and sunny. What
advice would you give to a participant to help him/her complete the run
safely? (4 makrs)
7. Describe two risk assessments or safety procedures you should carry out
or check before a person starts a training session. (4 marks)
8. Playing fairly, by the rules, is important when taking part in physical
activities.Explain how rules keep participants safe. (2 marks)
9. What might happen if a specific safety rule was not enforced? Give one
example. (2 marks)
10. Safety is an important part of a training programme. Describe the safety
aspects that a participant should consider before and during training, and
explain why they are important. (8 marks)
11. Lifting equipment correctly is important. State four safety measures that
should be considered when lifting and moving heavy sports equipment. (4 marks)
12. Explain how a warm-up before any form of physical activity can help to prevent
injury. (2 marks)
13. Other than warming up, name three safety precautions you should take before
starting a weight training session. (3 marks)
Injury Revision
14. For one of the safety precautions you named in your answer above, describe
one problem if it is not followed.(2 marks)
15. Explain what is meant by ‘hypothermia’. (2 marks) Describe the actions to be
taken when someone is suffering from hypothermia. (2 marks)
16. A risk assessment is required before an athletics competition. Name three
potential hazards that performers may face during the athletics
competition. (3 marks)
Injury Revision