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November 12, 2007
Guide to assembly plants in Europe
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BMW GROUP
(See also 3 , 25 )
Dingolfing, Germany – BMW 5-series sedan, station
wagon, 6-series coupe, convertible, 7-series sedan,
M5 sedan, station wagon, M6 coupe, convertible
Leipzig, Germany – BMW 1-series 3 door, coupe,
convertible, 3-series sedan
Munich, Germany – BMW 3-series sedan, station wagon
Regensburg, Germany – BMW 1-series 5 door, 3-series
sedan, coupe, convertible, M3 coupe, convertible
Oxford, UK – Mini Clubman, Cooper, Cooper S, convertible, One
Goodwood, UK – Rolls-Royce Phantom, Phantom
Drophead coupe
A
DAIMLER
(See also 20 , 25 , 26 )
Bremen, Germany – Mercedes C-class sedan, station
wagon, CLK-class convertible, coupe, GLK class (2008),
SL class, SLK class
Dusseldorf, Germany – Mercedes Sprinter; Volkswagen
Crafter
Rastatt, Germany – Mercedes A class, B class
Sindelfingen, Germany – Mercedes C-class sedan, sport
coupe, CL-class coupe, CLS class, E-class sedan, station
wagon, E-class 4Matic, S class; Maybach
Ludwigsfelde, Germany – Mercedes Sprinter, Vario;
Volkswagen Crafter
Hambach, France – Smart ForTwo
Vitoria, Spain – Mercedes Vito, Viano
3
FIAT GROUP
(See also 22 , 35 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 48 )
Cassino, Italy – Fiat Bravo, Croma, Stilo Multi Wagon;
Lancia Delta HPE (2008)
Maranello, Italy – Ferrari 599 GTB Fiorano, 612 Scaglietti,
F430 coupe and spider
Melfi, Italy – Fiat Grande Punto
Mirafiori, Italy – Fiat Grande Punto/Punto, Idea, Multipla;
Alfa Romeo 166, Junior (2008); Lancia Musa, Thesis
Modena, Italy – Maserati GranTurismo, Quattroporte
Pomigliano d’Arco, Italy – Alfa Romeo 147, 159, 159
Sportwagon, GT
Termini Imerese, Italy – Lancia Ypsilon
Tychy, Poland – Fiat 500, Panda, Seicento; Ford Ka (2008)
Bursa, Turkey (Tofas: Fiat 37.86%, Koc Holding 37.59%,
public 24.28%) – Fiat Albea, Doblo, Fiorino, Linea, Palio;
Citroen Nemo; Peugeot Bipper
B
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10
San Benedetto Val di Sangro, Italy (Sevel Sud: Fiat 50%,
PSA 50%) – Citroen Jumper/Relay; Fiat Ducato;
Peugeot Boxer
Lieu Saint-Amand, France (Sevel Nord: Fiat 50%, PSA
50%) – Citroen Atlante/C8, Dispatch/Jumpy; Fiat Scudo,
Scudo Panorama, Ulysse; Lancia Phedra; Peugeot 807,
Expert, TePee
FORD
(See also 8 , 2 , 33 )
Castle Bromwich, UK – Jaguar S-Type, XF, XJ, XK, Daimler
Super Eight
Halewood, UK – Jaguar X-Type sedan and station wagon;
Land Rover Freelander
Solihull, UK – Land Rover Defender, Discovery, Range
Rover, Range Rover Sport
Southampton, UK – Ford Transit
Cologne, Germany – Ford Fiesta, Fusion
Saarlouis, Germany – Ford Focus, Focus C-Max, Kuga (2008)
Genk, Belgium – Ford Mondeo, Galaxy, S-Max
Ghent, Belgium – Volvo C30, S40, S60, V50, V70
Gothenburg, Sweden – Volvo S80, V70, XC70, XC90
Uddevalla, Sweden (Pininfarina Sverige: Pininfarina 60%,
Volvo Car 40%) – Volvo C70
Valencia, Spain – Ford Fiesta, Focus, Ka (ends 2008)
Kocaeli, Turkey (Ford Otosan: Ford 41%, Koc Holding 41%,
public 18%) – Ford Transit, Transit Connect
St. Petersburg, Russia – Ford Focus, Mondeo (2008)
Craiova, Romania – small car (2009)
(Ford has agreed to purchase this former Daewoo
Romania plant. Daewoo production stops this year)
GENERAL MOTORS
(See also 1 , 3 , 8 , 13 , 25 , 29 , 42 , 44 , 48 )
Bochum, Germany – Opel/Vauxhall Astra, Zafira
Eisenach, Germany – Opel/Vauxhall Corsa
Rüsselsheim, Germany – Opel/Vauxhall Signum, Vectra
Luton, UK – Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro; Renault Trafic II;
Nissan Primastar
Ellesmere Port, UK – Opel/Vauxhall Astra, AstraVan
Antwerp, Belgium – Opel/Vauxhall Astra, Astra TwinTop
Zaragoza, Spain – Opel/Vauxhall Corsa, CorsaVan, Meriva,
Combo
Gliwice, Poland – Opel/Vauxhall Astra Classic, Zafira
Trollhättan, Sweden – Saab 9-3, 9-5; Cadillac BLS
St. Petersburg, Russia – (from kits*) Chevrolet Captiva;
Opel/Vauxhall Antara; (from kits**) Chevrolet Captiva
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B
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(2008). Note: GM has temporary plant on site until
permanent plant opens in 2008.
Asaka, Uzbekistan (UzDaewoo: joint venture of GM,
GM Daewoo and Uzautosanoat) – Daewoo Tico, Matiz,
Damas, Nexia, Lacetti; (from kits** starting in 2008)
Chevrolet Epica, Tacuma, Captiva
Togliatti, Russia (joint venture of GM and AvtoVAZ) –
Chevrolet Niva, Viva; Opel car (2008)
Warsaw, Poland (FSO: UkrAvto 60%, GM Daewoo 40%) –
Chevrolet Aveo (November 2007), Daewoo Lanos
4
5
PSA/PEUGEOT-CITROEN
(See also 22 )
Aulnay-sous-Bois, France – Citroen C2, C3
Mulhouse, France – Peugeot 206, 308; Citroen C4
hatchback, coupe
Poissy, France – Peugeot 1007, 206, 207 hatchback,
station wagon
Rennes-la-Jannais, France – Citroen C5 sedan, station
wagon, C6, Xsara Picasso; Peugeot 407 sedan, station
wagon, coupe
Sochaux, France – Peugeot 307 hatchback, station
wagon, 307 CC, 308, 607
Madrid-Villaverde, Spain – Citroen C3 Pluriel; Peugeot
207, 207 CC
Vigo, Spain – Citroen Berlingo, C4 Picasso, Grand C4
Picasso, Xsara Picasso; Peugeot Partner
Mangualde, Portugal – Citroen Berlingo; Peugeot Partner
Trnava, Slovakia – Peugeot 207
Nizhny Novgorod, Russia – Peugeot, Citroen cars (2009)
San Benedetto Val di Sangro, Italy (Sevel Sud: Fiat 50%,
PSA 50%) – Citroen Jumper/Relay; Fiat Ducato;
Peugeot Boxer
Lieu Saint-Amand, France (Sevel Nord: Fiat 50%,
PSA 50%) – Citroen Atlante/C8, Dispatch/Jumpy;
Fiat Scudo, Scudo Panorama, Ulysse; Lancia Phedra;
Peugeot 807, Expert, TePee
Kolin, Czech Republic (Toyota Peugeot Citroen
Automobile: Toyota 50%, PSA 50%) – Citroen C1;
Peugeot 107; Toyota Aygo
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11
RENAULT
(See also 4 , 29 , 30 )
Batilly, France – Renault Mascott, Master II; Opel/Vauxhall
Movano; Nissan Interstar
Dieppe, France – Clio III Renaultsport, Megane II Renaultsport
Douai, France – Renault Megane II CC, Scenic/Grand Scenic
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Flins, France – Renault Clio III, Clio II
Maubeuge, France – Passenger cars: Kangoo, new
Kangoo; LCV: new Kangoo Express, new Kangoo Express
Compact; Nissan Kubistar
Sandouville, France – Renault Laguna III Sport Tourer and
hatchback, Espace IV, Vel Satis
Palencia, Spain – Renault Megane II hatchback, sport
hatch, sport station wagon
Valladolid, Spain – Renault Clio III, Modus
Moscow, Russia – (Renault 93.4%, Moscow city council
6.6%) – Logan
Novo Mesto, Slovenia – Renault Clio II, Twingo II
Pitesti, Romania – Dacia Logan, Logan MCV, Logan van,
Logan pickup (2008)
Bursa, Turkey (Oyak-Renault: Renault 51%, Oyak 49%) –
Renault Clio III, Clio II Symbol (sedan), Megane II
hatchback, sedan
TOYOTA
Burnaston, UK – Toyota Avensis, Auris
Valenciennes, France – Toyota Yaris
Adapazari, Turkey – Toyota Auris, Corolla Verso & sedan
St. Petersburg, Russia – Toyota Camry (late 2007 or 2008)
Ovar, Portugal – (Salvador Caetano IMVT: Caetano
family 61%, Toyota 27%, public 12%) – Toyota Dyna,
Hiace, Optimo
Kolin, Czech Republic – (Toyota Peugeot Citroen
Automobile: Toyota 50%, PSA 50%) – Toyota Aygo;
Citroen C1; Peugeot 107
VOLKSWAGEN
(See also 11 , 21 )
Dresden, Germany – VW Phaeton
Emden, Germany – VW Passat sedan, station wagon,
coupe (2008)
Hanover, Germany – VW California, Multivan, Transporter T5
Ingolstadt, Germany – Audi A3, A3 Sportback, A4 sedan,
station wagon, S4, A5/S5, TT (chassis)
Neckarsulm, Germany – Audi A6 sedan, station wagon,
allroad, A8, R8; Lamborghini Gallardo (chassis)
Wolfsburg, Germany – VW Golf, Golf Plus, Tiguan, Touran
Zwickau-Mosel, Germany – VW Golf, Passat sedan;
Bentley Continental GT and VW Phaeton (bodies only)
Martorell, Spain – Seat Altea, Altea XL, Cordoba, Ibiza,
Leon, Toledo
Pamplona, Spain – VW Polo
Setubal, Portugal – VW Sharan, Eos; Seat Alhambra
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www.autonewseurope.com · PAGE 17
November 12, 2007
West slows, center grows, East buds
Car plant momentum keeps
shifting ever more eastward
Jesse Snyder
Automotive News Europe
Assembly plant capacity is shifting further east to follow booming sales in central and eastern Europe.
Automakers are maintaining or reducing car production capacity in western Europe’s stagnating markets but
are expanding plants further east to
feed a car-buying boom in central and
eastern Europe.
“It’s a three-speed Europe,” said
Calum MacRae, UK-based European
leader for PricewaterhouseCoopers Automotive Institute. “It’s steady in western Europe; moving fast to establish
plant capacity in central Europe and
Yukon-gold-rush speed in Russia.”
The state of assembly-plant capacity
indeed varies by region.
Western Europe holds the vast bulk of
production capacity in Europe, but is
basically flat.
The new EU – central Europe – is just
starting to show its power as new assembly plants open and start to reach
full production.
In eastern areas beyond, from Russia
to Turkey, car manufacturers are frantically trying to build local output to satisfy rapidly growing demand for new
cars.
In western Europe, most plant capacities are the same, with about as many
small adjustments up as down.
But three plants in western Europe
closed in the past 12 months as manufacturers adjusted to static or decreasing sales. General Motors shut its plant
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Brussels, Belgium – Audi A1 (2009) A3 Sportback; VW Polo
Molsheim, France – Bugatti Veyron
Sant’Agata Bolognese, Italy – Lamborghini Gallardo
coupe, spyder, Murcielago coupe, roadster
Crewe, UK – Bentley Arnage, Azure Cabrio, Continental
Flying Spur, Continental GT, Continental GTC convertible
Kvasiny, Czech Republic – Skoda Roomster, Superb
Mlada Boleslav, Czech Republic – Skoda Fabia hatchback,
sedan, station wagon, Octavia sedan, station wagon
Vrchlabi, Czech Republic – Skoda Octavia sedan, station
wagon (first-, second generation)
Poznan, Poland – VW Caddy, Transporter T5
Bratislava, Slovakia – VW Polo, Touareg; Porsche Cayenne;
Audi Q7
Gyor, Hungary – Audi TT coupe, roadster
Kaluga, Russia – Skoda Octavia and VW Passat
(November 2007), Polo-based model (2008); Skoda Fabia
Sarajevo, Bosnia – (from kits) Audi A3, A4, A6; Skoda
Fabia, Octavia, Superb; VW Golf, Passat, Polo, Touareg;
Audi Q7
OTHERS
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AVTOTOR
Kaliningrad, Russia – (from kits) BMW 3 and 5 series;
Hummer H2, H3; Cadillac CTS, STS, SRX; Chevrolet Aveo,
Epica, Lacetti, Rezzo, Tahoe, TrailBlazer; Kia Carnival,
Magentis, Opirus
AVTOVAZ
(See also 44 , 45 )
Bogdan: Cherkasy, Ukraine – (from kits) Lada Niva, 110
Kremenchug, Russia – AvtoVAZ models
LuAZ: Lutsk, Ukraine – (from kits) Lada 2104, 2107
Togliatti, Samara, Russia – Lada 110, 2107, Niva, Kalina,
Samara II
Togliatti, Samara, Russia – (joint venture: AvtoVAZ 50%,
General Motors 50%) Chevrolet Niva, Viva; Opel car (2008)
Making plans a reality
Most of the new plants are sized for
300,000 units a year. When they reach
full speed and others in the area complete ongoing expansions, 13 will have
at least 200,000-unit capacity.
By 2010, except for Volkswagen
group’s Hungarian assembly line for
the low-volume Audi TT – a plant that
is primarily a engine-making operation
– the smallest operation in the region
will be VW’s factory in Poznan, Poland,
at 160,000 units.
MacRae said 300,000-unit capacity
“is pretty well established as a good
maximum for a modern assembly
plant.”
And he is not surprised that existing
new-EU plants are expanding.
AZIA AVTO
Ust-Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan – (from kits**) Daewoo
Tico, Matiz, Damas, Nexia, Lacetti; (2008 from kits*)
Chevrolet Epica, Captiva, Lacetti
BERTONE
Grugliasco, Italy – seeking new contracts
DERWAYS
Cherkessk, Russia – (from kits) models for China’s Lifan
EVROCAR
Solomonovo, Ukraine – (from kits**) Skoda Fabia,
Superb, second-generation Octavia, first-generation
Octavia sedan and station wagon; Seat Altea, Toledo; VW
Golf Plus, Jetta, Passat
GAZ
Nizhny Novgorod, Russia – GAZ light trucks, Volga cars;
Siber (2008)
13
HEULIEZ
Cerizay, France – Opel/Vauxhall Tigra TwinTop
14
15
HONDA
(See also 45 )
Gebze, Turkey – Honda Civic 4 door (except hybrid), City
Swindon, UK – Honda Civic 3 door, 5 door, CR-V
AMUR
Novouralsk, Russia – (from kits) models of China’s Geely
ASTON MARTIN
Gaydon, UK – Aston Martin DB9 Coupe and Volante, DBS,
V-8 Vantage Coupe Roadster
in Azambuja, Portugal. After Ford sold
Aston Martin, the independent operation closed its tiny Newport Pagnell
plant in the UK. And PSA/PeugeotCitroen shut its assembly plant in
Ryton, England.
In central Europe, the last of a spate
of new plants announced early this century will open in 2009.
Other new plants are still in the early
stages of start-up production and will
not reach their ultimate intended size
for several years.
But no new plants have been announced in central Europe since 2005
and the area’s hopes for more new facilities are starting to fade. However, several existing plants have been – or will
be – expanded.
But the region’s six production states
– Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia,
Hungary, Slovenia and Romania – will
be home to huge assembly plants.
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HYUNDAI/KIA
(See also 3 , 43 , 45 )
Nosovice, Czech Republic – Hyundai i30 hatchback,
station wagon (2009)
Zilina, Slovakia – Kia C’eed hatchback, station wagon,
coupe, Sportage
Izmit, Turkey (joint venture of Hyundai and Kibar
Holding) – Hyundai Accent, Matrix, Starex
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
20
21
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35
Booming East
Plant capacity, in units per year
2007
change
W. Europe
18.87 million
-1.5%
C. Europe
3.22 million
20.2%
Russia
1.86 million
13.2%
The East is hot, hot, hot
But the hottest area of factory building has become Russia and nearby eastern European countries.
Russia’s Decree 166 was designed to
get foreign automakers to develop local
production capabilities by giving them
a tax break on imported-part duties.
And it worked.
By the September 15 deadline to apply, several more foreign-brand automakers had started or at least announced plans to build assembly plants
in Russia.
By doing so, they avoid having to pay
a 25 percent import duty on complete
cars. As long as they agree to boost local content to 40 percent within seven
years, their duties on imported parts
used to build cars in those Russian factories also are much lower.
In a price-sensitive market like Russia, reducing taxes paid is an important
competitive advantage.
Just five years ago, Ford was the only
foreign automaker to operate an independent assembly plant, although General Motors and Russian automaker AvtoVAZ had a joint-venture plant in
Togliatti.
But since then, Toyota, GM, Suzuki,
Nissan, Volkswagen and Renault have
opened or started plants in Russia.
Fiat, Honda, Hyundai, Kia, GM,
SsangYong and BMW have joint ventures with domestic partners or have
forged manufacturing contracts with
others to make vehicles in Russia.
KARSAN OTOMOTIV
Bursa, Turkey – Fiat Ducato; Karsan J9 Premiere;
Peugeot Boxer, Partner
LDV
Birmingham, UK – Maxus vans, minibuses, dump trucks,
light trucks
LOTUS
Norwich, UK – Lotus Elise, Europa S, Exige;
Tesla Roadster (2008)
MAGNA STEYR
Graz, Austria – BMW X3; Chrysler 300C, 300C Touring,
Voyager; Jeep Commander, Grand Cherokee; Mercedes
G class; Saab 9-3 convertible
38
SANTANA
Linares, Spain – Suzuki Jimny; Santana Anibal, 300, 350
39
41
OTOKAR
Arifiye, Turkey – Land Rover Defender 110, 130 (civilian),
minibuses, midibuses, military vehicles
PININFARINA
Bairo Canavese, Italy – Mitsubishi Colt CZC; Ford Focus
Coupe Cabriolet
Uddevalla, Sweden (Pininfarina Sverige: Pininfarina 60%,
Volvo Car 40%) – Volvo C70 convertible
San Giorgio Canavese, Italy – Alfa Romeo Brera
coupe, Spider
SEVERSTAL AVTO
UAZ: Ulianovsk, Russia – UAZ 3150 series, LCV series,
Hunter, Patriot
ZMA: Naberezhnye Chelny, Russia – (from kits) Fiat Albea,
Linea, Palio, Doblo, Linea (2008); SsangYong models
Yelabuga, Russia – Fiat Albea (2009)
42
SUZUKI
Esztergom, Hungary – Suzuki Ignis, Swift, SX4, Splash
(2008); Subaru Justy; Fiat Sedici; Opel/Vauxhall Agila (2008)
43
TAGAZ
Taganrog, Russia – (from kits) Hyundai Accent, Porter,
Sonata, Sante Fe
MITSUBISHI
Born, Netherlands (NedCar is 100% Mitsubishi Motors) –
Mitsubishi Colt 3 door, 5 door, Outlander (2008)
NISSAN
(See also 1 , 5 , 4 )
Barcelona, Spain – Nissan Navara, Pathfinder, Primastar;
Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro; Renault Trafic II
St. Petersburg, Russia – Nissan Teana, X-Trail (2009)
Sunderland, UK – Nissan Note, Micra, Micra C+C, Qashqai
This flurry of activity is fueled by
Russian car buyers who are rapidly
turning to foreign brands.
Last year for the first time, sales of
foreign-brand cars surpassed domestic
Russian brands, 1 million to 800,000.
This year, Russian brands are flat, but
foreign-brand cars are soaring, up 66
percent in the first eight months.
But Russia is not the only hot market
in the region.
Two former Soviet-era states to the
south are rapidly adding automaking
capabilities.
Azia Avto in Kazakhstan is adding
50,000 units of capacity to start production of the Chevrolet Epica, Captiva and
Lacetti for GM.
The plant already can build 200,000
Daewoo models.
In Uzbekistan, a joint venture by GM,
GM Daewoo and local producer Uzautosanoat will add three Chevrolet models next year at a plant in Asaka.
More added capacity is opening in
Ukraine and Turkey.
Even Belarus is joining. Iran’s No. 1
automaker Iran Khodro started making
Samand cars from kits in Minsk. ANE
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McLAREN
Woking, UK – (40% owned by Daimler) – Mercedes
SLR McLaren
NANJING
Longbridge, UK – MG TF, ZT (2008)
Source: PwC Automotive Institute
PORSCHE
(See also 19 , 46 )
Leipzig, Germany – Porsche Cayenne
Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen, Germany – Porsche 911
40
IZHMASH
Izhevsk, Russia – Izh; Kia; (from kits*) Lada 2104
KARMANN
Osnabrück, Germany – Chrysler Crossfire convertible
and coupe; Mercedes CLK convertible
Rheine, Germany – Audi A4 convertible
“Sales levels were much lower when
the plants were built,” MacRae said.
“Now as sales take off, bigger plants reflect the higher sales potential.”
44
45
B
46
UKRAVTO
(See also 7 )
ZAZ: Zaporozhye, Ukraine – Tavria pickup; Slavuta; Sens
(from bodies made by FSO); Lanos T-150, T-100; Lada
Samara; (from kits) Opel Astra, Combo, Corsa, Meriva,
Vectra, Zafira; Chery B11, A15
ZAZ: Illychevsk, Ukraine – (from kits) Honda, Kia
assembly for Bogdan
FSO: Warsaw, Poland (joint venture: UkrAvto 60%, GM
Daewoo 40%) – Chevrolet Aveo (November 2007);
Daewoo Lanos
VALMET AUTOMOTIVE
Uusikaupunki, Finland – Porsche Boxster, Cayman
47
YUNISON
Minsk, Belarus – (from kits*) Iran Khodro Samand,
(Hafei cars in 2008)
48
ZASTAVA
Kragujevac, Serbia – Zastava Florida, Skala, Tempo;
(from kits*) Fiat Punto; Opel/Vauxhaull Astra (2008)
Sources: Companies, Automotive News Europe; Note: Knockdown assembly
terminology varies by company; * assembly only ** welding, painting and assembly