Name
Date
Ionic Compounds
Section 8.1 Forming Chemical Bonds
Main Idea
Details
Skim Section 1 of your text. Read the title and subheads. List three
concepts that you think will be discussed in this section.
1.
2.
3.
New
Vocabulary
Use your text to define each term.
chemical bond
cation
anion
Academic
Vocabulary
Define the following term.
element
94
Forming Chemical Bonds
Name
Date
Section 8.1 Forming Chemical Bonds
Main Idea
Chemical Bonds
Use with pages 211–214.
(continued)
Details
Organize information about forming chemical bonds by completing
the concept map below.
As the number of
%
)
&
$
'
'
"
"
"
-
)
6
"
in an atom increases,
$
)
)
, or
the atom’s ability to attract
electrons,
.
'
"
-
&
B
B
(
(
-
C
"
1
&
"
6
"
6
"
reactivity
1
&
"
6
.
6
"
"
$
Electron affinity is smallest for
,
which in general have eight
in their outermost
s and p orbitals.
)
$
+
&
6
"
$
'
-
$
)
)
, which
is the energy needed to
remove electrons from
the outer orbitals,
.
(
D
&
-
(
"
E
'
"
)
(
6
"
)
6
"
+
C
"
)
(
&
6
6
"
"
Write the electron configuration of the most likely ion and the
charge that is lost or gained by each of the following atoms.
Indicate what the overall charge of the ion is, and whether it is a
cation or an anion.
@
1
1
}}}
51
6
Cs:
1
[Xe]6s
A
"
$
%
4
$
&
'
'
"
#
)
(
&
"
"
$
+
4
&
-
)
.
(
,
*
<
$
7
O:
[He]2s22p4
=
>
6
7
>
8
.
9
:
?
>
}}}}
5
#
$
"
%
,
$
&
'
'
"
)
"
:
(
&
)
+
>
"
$
&
"
#
)
.
(
,
*
;
1
1
}}}}
51
&
Ga:
2
10
1
[Ar]4s 3d 4p
1
2
3
!
$
%
$
&
'
'
!
"
#
)
$
(
&
+
&
"
"
!
-
)
.
(
,
*
5
$
Br:
2
10
5
[Ar]4s 3d 4p
0
6
7
1
2
3
0
8
#
!
$
%
$
&
'
'
/
:
,
:
&
)
+
$
&
"
[Kr]5s14d10
4
)
(
"
Ag:
.
9
}}}}}
5
4
)
"
#
.
(
,
*
1
1
}}}}
51
+
/
0
1
2
3
4
$
%
$
&
'
'
"
#
)
$
(
&
+
&
"
"
4
-
)
.
(
,
*
1
1
}}}}
51
Sc:
2
1
[Ar]4s 3d
!
"
#
$
%
$
&
'
'
)
$
(
&
"
+
&
"
*
!
-
)
.
(
,
Ionic Compounds
95
Name
Date
Section 8.1 Forming Chemical Bonds (continued)
Main Idea
Details
Sequence the first group of elements in order of increasing
ionization energy. Sequence the second group of elements in order
of increasing electron affinity.
First Group
Second Group
K Æ K1
>
P Æ P51
H
Fe Æ Fe21
!
Rb Æ Rb1
4
Mg Æ Mg21
0
Identify the following ions.
Ag1
%
6
'
Se2–
96
Forming Chemical Bonds
-
(
G
F
$
F
(
1
"
&
'
(
G
F
6
G
'
B
(
1
"
E
$
$
)
)
&
6
(
1
"
H–
Cd21
(
E
B31
As3–
*
Br–
S2–
'
"
Li1
Ca21
(
C
"
1
(
1
"
*
&
1
F
(
G
F
)
6
'
"
(
"
1
"
P Æ P3–
!
Ne Æ Ne1
I
O Æ O2–
>
Xe Æ Xe–
I
S Æ S2–
0
I Æ I–
H
4
F Æ F–
Name
Date
Ionic Compounds
Section 8.2 The Formation and Nature of Ionic Bonds
Main Idea
Details
Skim Section 2 of your text. Write three questions that come to
mind from reading the headings and the illustration captions.
1.
2.
3.
New
Vocabulary
Use your text to define each term.
ionic bond
J
electrolyte
J
lattice energy
Academic
Vocabulary
Define the following term.
K
conduct
Ionic Compounds
97
Name
Date
Section 8.2 Formation and Nature of Ionic Bonds
Main Idea
Formation of an
Ionic Compound
Use with Example
Problem 8-1, page 217.
(continued)
Details
Solve Read Example Problem 8-1 in your text.
You Try It
Problem
Describe the formation of an ionic compound from the elements
boron and selenium.
1. Analyze the Problem
Known:
the electron configurations of the given elements
5
Æ
}}}
=
>
6
7
>
8
2
"
Unknown:
the number of valence electrons for each neutral
atom
5
Æ
%
)
&
$
'
'
!
"
"
-
"
)
6
"
I
Æ
"
%
)
&
$
'
'
"
"
-
"
)
6
"
2. Solve for the Unknown
Determine how many electrons need to be removed from boron
and how many electrons need to be added to selenium to form
noble gas configurations.
L
M
N
O
N
P
Q
R
S
T
U
Z
T
a
Q
b
T
c
d
N
O
V
Q
P
W
X
U
Y
Z
N
[
X
Q
P
Q
W
\
]
T
^
_
M
T
P
`
T
S
f
T
V
g
[
Z
h
Q
P
O
N
Z
T
i
e
Determine how many boron atoms and how many selenium
atoms must be present for the total number of electrons
exchanged between the two elements to be equal.
j
m
M
T
Z
T
W
Q
[
Q
`
Z
T
n
o
k
L
N
[
Q
a
O
_
X
S
S
p
Z
Q
b
X
c
T
q
T
S
T
V
[
Z
Q
P
O
n
_
M
X
V
M
_
X
S
S
i
R
T
N
c
e
3. Evaluate the Answer
The overall charge on one unit of this compound is zero.
boron ions (31/boron ion) 1
selenide ions ( 2 /
i
l
i
selenide ion) 5
98
Formation and Nature of Ionic Bonds
l
(31) 1
i
( 2)50
i
c
l
T
c
Name
Date
Section 8.2 The Formation and Nature of Ionic Bonds
Main Idea
Properties of
Ionic Compounds
(continued)
Details
Analyze the relationship between the lattice energy of an ionic
compound and the force of attraction.
r
J
Use with pages 217–220.
K
j
Describe the relationship between the size of the ions in a compound and the compound’s lattice energy.
j
K
K
Explain the relationship between lattice energy and the charge of
the ion.
j
K
Organize the following ionic compounds from those with the least
negative lattice energy to those with the most negative lattice
energy.
H
LiCl
u
BeS
LiBr
0
t
BeO
s
BeCl2
RbBr
!
4
CsI
I
SrCl2
>
CsBr
Ionic Compounds
99
Name
Date
Ionic Compounds
Section 8.3 Names and Formulas for Ionic Compounds
Main Idea
Details
Scan Section 3 of your text. Use the checklist below as a guide.
• Read all section titles.
• Read all boldfaced words.
• Read all tables and diagrams.
• Look at all figures and read the captions.
• Study the example problems and note what they are intended
to solve.
• Think about what you already know about the formation, formulas,
and naming of ions and ionic compounds.
Write three facts that you discovered about the names and formulas of ionic compounds.
1.
2.
3.
New
Vocabulary
Use your text to define each term.
formula unit
v
monatomic ion
oxidation number
polyatomic ion
oxyanion
100
Names and Formulas for Ionic Compounds
w
K
K
Name
Date
Section 8.3 Names and Formulas for Ionic Compounds
Main Idea
Formulas for
Ionic Compounds
Determining the
Formula for an
Ionic Compound
Use with Example
Problem 8-3, page 223.
(continued)
Details
Solve Read Example Problem 8-3 in your text.
You Try It
Problem
Calcium can form a cation with a 2+ charge. Write the formula for
the ionic compound formed from calcium ion and Chlorine.
1. Analyze the Problem
Known:
the ionic forms of the component elements
@
&
7
1
@
and
'
2
#
Unknown:
2. Solve for the Unknown
The smallest number that is divisible by both ionic charges is
$
$
-
)
, so the compound contains
y
$
calcium ion(s) and
"
-
y
sulfide ion(s). The formula for the ionic compound formed is
@
@
&
'
7
.
3. Evaluate the Answer
The overall charge on one formula unit of this compound is zero.
x
i
Ca ion(s) (21/Ca ion) 1
Determining the
Formula for an
Ionic Compound
Containing a
Polyatomic Ion
Use with Example
Problem 8-4, page 225.
Cl ions (12 /Cl ion) 5 0
Solve Read Example Problem 8-4 in your text.
You Try It
Problem
Write the formula for the ionic compound formed from the calcium
ion and the bromate ion.
1. Analyze the Problem
@
Known:
the ionic forms of the component elements
and
&
7
1
<
5
#
Unknown:
Ionic Compounds
101
Name
Date
Section 8.3 Names and Formulas for Ionic Compounds
Main Idea
(continued)
Details
2. Solve for the Unknown
The smallest number that is divisible by both ionic charges is
$
-
y
$
, so
-
y
$
)
bromate ions combine with
calcium ion. The
"
@
<
5
.
formula for the ionic compound formed is to form
&
,
7
.
3. Evaluate the Answer
The overall charge on one formula unit of this compound is zero.
i
BrO3 ions (12/BrO3 ion) 5 0
1 Ca ion (21/Ca ion) 1
Naming Ions and
Ionic Compounds
Use with pages 225–227.
Classify the ions listed below as monatomic or polyatomic cations
or anions. If the ion is a polyatomic anion, indicate whether it is an
oxyanion.
CN2
$
$
8
'
C
&
)
-
F
(
&
$
)
$
)
(
MnO42
$
$
8
'
C
&
)
-
F
(
&
}
$
|
)
(
C
&
C
&
Ba21
$
)
$
F
&
$
-
F
(
&
Fe(CN)642
$
'
C
&
-
)
-
F
$
(
$
&
'
C
&
$
-
F
(
&
$
)
-
&
)
-
F
)
(
$
F
(
$
&
)
(
$
$
8
'
C
&
$
-
F
(
&
S2O322
$
-
'
C
&
)
-
F
)
(
$
8
(
$
&
)
}
$
|
)
(
(
O22
$
)
$
F
&
)
-
F
(
$
&
)
(
Identify the ionic compounds listed below.
$
&
Hg2SO4
PtCl4
102
Names and Formulas for Ionic Compounds
(
G
|
F
(
1
"
$
)
8
-
&
6
6
(
G
F
8
F
)
&
+
&
&
"
$
6
-
)
-
(
G
F
(
$
&
F
1
&
-
)
$
F
(
G
F
C
1
|
(
1
"
*
$
(
)
.
6
,
z
z
)
-
G
-
&
-
{
"
.
&
1
)
(
'
(
"
.
z
B
z
(
,
'
$
1
8
"
,
z
6
8
&
-
z
"
*
*
.
F
G
C
"
6
,
G
'
B
&
-
z
"
)
8
'
&
-
(
.
G
$
F
'
,
z
-
"
$
"
Fe2S3
Pb3(PO4)2
'
KMnO4
Sn(NO3)4
)
)
(
$
8
Hg221
NH4OH
$
)
(
N32
Sr(IO3)2
)
$
8
NH41
CaO
$
(
{
(
1
"
*